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Heliyon May 2024Physico-chemical properties of fish flesh are reliable predictors of fillet quality and nutritional value. In our study, the age-related variations of the chemical...
Physico-chemical properties of fish flesh are reliable predictors of fillet quality and nutritional value. In our study, the age-related variations of the chemical composition, pH, water activity (aw), water holding capacity (WHC), color and texture analysis, protein thermal stability, myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), glycogen content, protein oxidation and protein profiles were investigated in (rainbow trout) fillet. The results revealed that protein denaturation temperatures (T1 and T2) decreased by 2 % and 11.6 % depending on fish age. T1 and T2 values in the same groups were raised 71 % at 11 months' fish and this increase was 58 % at 23 months' fish. An age-related reduction by 66.6 % and 31.25 % was noticed for protein oxidation markers sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bonds. MFI value increased by 86.6 % connected with age. The characteristics of fish meat quality are complex and are influenced by various factors that affect the degree of freshness of the product and its acceptance in the market. Taking into account the different demands of the consumer, this study has shown that age at slaughter has an impact on final product quality and that the recommended age at slaughter, taking into account market weight, positively affects meat quality.
PubMed: 38813226
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31146 -
RSC Advances May 2024This mini-review on doping and heterojunctions for catalysis applications provides a comprehensive overview of key aspects. Doping, when carried out adequately with a... (Review)
Review
This mini-review on doping and heterojunctions for catalysis applications provides a comprehensive overview of key aspects. Doping, when carried out adequately with a uniform distribution, creates a new energy level that significantly enhances charge transfer and light absorption. This new level alters the material's morphology and enhances intrinsic defects. For instance, ZnO, despite its exceptional band edge concerning oxygen reduction and water oxidation redox potentials, faces the issue of electron-hole recombination. However, forming a heterojunction can effectively aid charge transfer and prolong electron-hole relaxation without recombination. This is where the role of doping and heterojunctions becomes crucial. Additionally, incorporating noble metals with S- and Z-scheme heterojunctions offers a promising mechanism for charge transfer and visible light harvesting, further amplifying the catalytic properties.
PubMed: 38813127
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02568g -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Apr 2024Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex phenomenon. Although researchers have long been aware of IRI, its complex signaling events and potential therapeutic... (Review)
Review
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a complex phenomenon. Although researchers have long been aware of IRI, its complex signaling events and potential therapeutic targets are still an active research area. The role of reactive oxygen species in IRI has garnered great interest among scientists. Recent studies have found that reactive oxygen species produced by IRI can activate redox-sensitive transient receptor potential channels (redox TRPs). The discovery of redox TRPs provides a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of IRI.
Topics: Reperfusion Injury; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Reactive Oxygen Species; Animals; Transient Receptor Potential Channels; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38812306
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2905170 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Arachidonic acid (C20: 4n-6, AA) plays a fundamental role in fish physiology, influencing growth, survival and stress resistance. However, imbalances in dietary AA can...
Arachidonic acid (C20: 4n-6, AA) plays a fundamental role in fish physiology, influencing growth, survival and stress resistance. However, imbalances in dietary AA can have detrimental effects on fish health and performance. Optimal AA requirements for rainbow trout have not been established. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of varying dietary AA levels on survival, growth, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthetic capacity, oxylipin profiles, lipid peroxidation, and stress resistance of rainbow trout fry. Over a period of eight weeks, 4000 female rainbow trout fry at the resorptive stage (0.12 g) from their first feeding were fed diets with varying levels of AA (0.6%, 1.1% or 2.5% of total fatty acids) while survival and growth metrics were closely monitored. The dietary trial was followed by an acute confinement stress test. Notably, while the fatty acid profiles of the fish reflected dietary intake, those fed an AA-0.6% diet showed increased expression of elongase5, highlighting their inherent ability to produce LC-PUFAs from C18 PUFAs and suggesting potential AA or docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) biosynthesis. However, even with this biosynthetic capacity, the trout fed reduced dietary AA had higher mortality rates. The diet had no effect on final weight (3.38 g on average for the three diets). Conversely, increased dietary AA enhanced eicosanoid production from AA, suggesting potential inflammatory and oxidative consequences. This was further evidenced by an increase in non-enzymatic lipid oxidation metabolites, particularly in the AA-2.5% diet group, which had higher levels of phytoprostanes and isoprostanes, markers of cellular oxidative damage. Importantly, the AA-1.1% diet proved to be particularly beneficial for stress resilience. This was evidenced by higher post-stress turnover rates of serotonin and dopamine, neurotransmitters central to the fish's stress response. In conclusion, a dietary AA intake of 1.1% of total fatty acids appears to promote overall resilience in rainbow trout fry.
Topics: Animals; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Oxylipins; Arachidonic Acid; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Stress, Physiological; Female; Animal Feed; Diet; Lipid Peroxidation; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 38811794
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63173-x -
Communications Biology May 2024Propionic acidemia (PA), resulting from Pcca or Pccb gene mutations, impairs propionyl-CoA metabolism and induces metabolic alterations. While speculation exists that...
Propionic acidemia (PA), resulting from Pcca or Pccb gene mutations, impairs propionyl-CoA metabolism and induces metabolic alterations. While speculation exists that fasting might exacerbate metabolic crises in PA patients by accelerating the breakdown of odd-chain fatty acids and amino acids into propionyl-CoA, direct evidence is lacking. Our investigation into the metabolic effects of fasting in Pcca(A138T) mice, a PA model, reveals surprising outcomes. Propionylcarnitine, a PA biomarker, decreases during fasting, along with the C3/C2 (propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine) ratio, ammonia, and methylcitrate. Although moderate amino acid catabolism to propionyl-CoA occurs with a 23-h fasting, a significant reduction in microbiome-produced propionate and increased fatty acid oxidation mitigate metabolic alterations by decreasing propionyl-CoA synthesis and enhancing acetyl-CoA synthesis. Fasting-induced gluconeogenesis further facilitates propionyl-CoA catabolism without changing propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity. These findings suggest that fasting may alleviate metabolic alterations in Pcca(A138T) mice, prompting the need for clinical evaluation of its potential impact on PA patients.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Fasting; Methylmalonyl-CoA Decarboxylase; Mutation; Propionic Acidemia; Male; Mice, Knockout; Disease Models, Animal; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Acyl Coenzyme A
PubMed: 38811689
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06362-8 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Cryopreservation of sperm can cause oxidative stress and damage, leading to decreased different functional parameters and fertilization potential. In this study, we...
Cryopreservation of sperm can cause oxidative stress and damage, leading to decreased different functional parameters and fertilization potential. In this study, we evaluated two types of HS donors: NaHS, a fast-releasing donor, and GYY4137, a slow-releasing donor during cryopreservation of goat sperm. Initially, we determined that 1.5 and 3 μM NaHS, and 15 and 30 μM GYY4137 are optimal concentrations that improved different sperm functional parameters including motility, viability, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation, and ROS production during incubation at 38.5 °C for 90 min. We subsequently evaluated the impact of the optimal concentration of NaHS and GYY4137 supplementation on various functional parameters following thawing during cryopreservation. Our data revealed that supplementation of extender improved different parameters including post-thaw sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity, and reduced DNA damage compared to the frozen-thawed control group. The supplementation also restored the redox state, decreased lipid peroxidation, and improved mitochondrial membrane potential in the thawed sperm. Finally, we found that supplementation of the extender with NaHS and GYY4137 enhanced IVF outcomes in terms of blastocyst rate and quality of blastocysts. Our results suggest that both donors can be applied for cryopreservation as antioxidants to improve sperm quality and IVF outcomes of frozen-thawed goat sperm.
Topics: Male; Cryopreservation; Animals; Oxidative Stress; Fertilization in Vitro; Spermatozoa; Goats; Sperm Motility; Semen Preservation; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Lipid Peroxidation; Hydrogen Sulfide; Cryoprotective Agents; Cell Survival; Female; Reactive Oxygen Species; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Semen Analysis; Morpholines; Sulfides
PubMed: 38811647
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62485-2 -
Brazilian Journal of Medical and... 2024Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/REF-1) is a multifunctional protein acting on cellular signaling pathways, including DNA repair and redox...
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1/REF-1) is a multifunctional protein acting on cellular signaling pathways, including DNA repair and redox activities. APE1/REF-1 has emerged as a target for cancer therapy, and its role in breast cancer models would reveal new strategies for cancer therapy. APX2009 is a specific APE1/REF-1 redox inhibitor whose anticancer properties have not been described in breast cancer cells. Here, we investigated the effect of the APX2009 treatment in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Breast cancer cell lines were cultured, and WST1 and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD and LDH-Glo™ assays were performed to evaluate cell death. The wound healing assay and Matrigel transwell assay were performed after APX2009 treatment to evaluate the cellular migration and invasion processes, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that APX2009 treatment decreased breast cancer cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive properties. Furthermore, it induced apoptosis in both cell lines. Our study is the first to show the effects of APX2009 treatment on apoptosis in a breast cancer cell. Therefore, this study suggested that APX2009 treatment is a promising anticancer molecule for breast cancer.
Topics: Humans; Breast Neoplasms; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; Cell Proliferation; Female; Cell Movement; Cell Line, Tumor; Apoptosis; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenotype; MCF-7 Cells; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38808886
DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2024e13250 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024Bacterial natural products (BNPs) are very important sources of leads for drug development and chemical novelty. The possibility to perform late-stage diversification of... (Review)
Review
Bacterial natural products (BNPs) are very important sources of leads for drug development and chemical novelty. The possibility to perform late-stage diversification of BNPs using biocatalysis is an attractive alternative route other than total chemical synthesis or metal complexation reactions. Although biocatalysis is gaining popularity as a green chemistry methodology, a vast majority of orphan sequenced genomic data related to metabolic pathways for BNP biosynthesis and its tailoring enzymes are underexplored. In this review, we report a systematic overview of biotransformations of 21 molecules, which include derivatization by halogenation, esterification, reduction, oxidation, alkylation and nitration reactions, as well as degradation products as their sub-derivatives. These BNPs were grouped based on their biological activities into antibacterial (5), antifungal (5), anticancer (5), immunosuppressive (2) and sensing modulating (4) compounds. This study summarized 73 derivatives and 16 degradation sub-derivatives originating from 12 BNPs. The highest number of biocatalytic reactions was observed for drugs that are already in clinical use: 28 reactions for the antibacterial drug vancomycin, followed by 18 reactions reported for the immunosuppressive drug rapamycin. The most common biocatalysts include oxidoreductases, transferases, lipases, isomerases and haloperoxidases. This review highlights biocatalytic routes for the late-stage diversification reactions of BNPs, which potentially help to recognize the structural optimizations of bioactive scaffolds for the generation of new biomolecules, eventually leading to drug development.
PubMed: 38807651
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1351583 -
Plant Cell Reports May 2024Sodium nitroprusside mediates drought stress responses in tomatoes by modulating nitrosative and oxidative pathways, highlighting the interplay between nitric oxide,...
Sodium nitroprusside mediates drought stress responses in tomatoes by modulating nitrosative and oxidative pathways, highlighting the interplay between nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, and antioxidant systems for enhanced drought tolerance. While nitric oxide (NO), a signalling molecule, enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, its precise contribution to improving tomato tolerance to drought stress (DS) through modulating oxide-nitrosative processes is not yet fully understood. We aimed to examine the interaction of NO and nitrosative signaling, revealing how sodium nitroprusside (SNP) could mitigate the effects of DS on tomatoes. DS-seedlings endured 12% polyethylene glycol (PEG) in a 10% nutrient solution (NS) for 2 days, then transitioned to half-strength NS for 10 days alongside control plants. DS reduced total plant dry weight, chlorophyll a and b, Fv/Fm, leaf water potential (Ψ), and relative water content, but improved hydrogen peroxide (HO), proline, and NO content. The SNP reduced the DS-induced HO generation by reducing thiol (-SH) and the carbonyl (-CO) groups. SNP increased not only NO but also the activity of L-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DES), leading to the generation of HS. Decreases in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) suggest a potential regulatory mechanism in which -nitrosylation [formation of S-nitrosothiol (SNO)] may influence protein function and signaling pathways during DS. Moreover, SNP improved ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) and reduced oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels in tomato plants under drought. Furthermore, the interaction of NO and HS, mediated by L-DES activity, may serve as a vital cross-talk mechanism impacting plant responses to DS. Understanding these signaling interactions is crucial for developing innovative drought-tolerance strategies in crops.
Topics: Nitroprusside; Solanum lycopersicum; Hydrogen Peroxide; Droughts; Nitric Oxide; Glutathione; Antioxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Stress, Physiological; Seedlings; Plant Leaves; Nitrosation; Chlorophyll
PubMed: 38806834
DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03238-3 -
Pain Physician May 2024Chronic primary musculoskeletal pain is multifaceted and 20% of the adult population lives with severe chronic pain and experience symptoms such as intense pain,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Chronic primary musculoskeletal pain is multifaceted and 20% of the adult population lives with severe chronic pain and experience symptoms such as intense pain, depression, weakness, sleep problems, decreased quality of life and decreased emotional well-being.
OBJECTIVES
This paper studies the efficacy of trigger point injections with ozone compared to standard steroid injection or combination therapy for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients with abnormal mitochondrial redox state.
STUDY DESIGN
This is a prospective randomized clinical study conducted with 51 patients experiencing chronic musculoskeletal pain.
SETTING
Medical Research Institute Hospital, Alexandria University.
METHODS
By computer-generated random numbers the 51 patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A (17 patients) received ozone injection, group B (17 patients) received betamethasone injection and group C (17 patients) received combined ozone and betamethasone injections. The groups were compared based on the intensity of pain and correction of mitochondrial redox state of the patients.
RESULTS
Three days after intervention, the visual analog scale (VAS) scores reported by patients were lower in group A compared to group B (with a mean difference 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.15-2.39 (P < 0.02). One and 3 weeks after intervention, VAS scores of patients were lower in groups A and C compared to group B. At one week the mean difference between A and B was 1.2, with a 95% CI of 0.15-2.25 (P < 0.02) and the mean difference between C and B was 1.73 with a 95% CI of 0.69-2.78 (P < 0.001). At 3 weeks the mean difference between A and B was 1.5 with a 95% CI of 0.2-2.87 (P < 0.01) and the mean difference between C and B was 2.27 with a 95% CI of 0.93-3.60 (P < 0.0001). The reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio after intervention was higher in groups A and C compared to group B (P > 0.008). The mitochondrial copy number was higher in group A compared to group B (P < 0.002).
LIMITATION
This study didn't allow for the comparison of the experimental groups with a placebo or control group for musculoskeletal pain conditions in orderto establish the role of an abnormal mitochondrial redox state on the pathogenesis of patients from an ethical view.
CONCLUSIONS
Ozone therapy or combined ozone and betamethasone treatment are effective techniques for management of pain since it produced a significant reduction of muscle pain and increase of the pain free interval experienced by patients. Ozone therapy causes pain improvement which increases with time and it improves muscle oxygenation and mitochondrial function.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Medical Research Institute (IORH: IOR 00088812) and was registered at the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org) under the identification number PACTR201908620943471. The registration this experiment started on 07/08/2019. This study's protocol followed the CONSORT guidelines and was performed under the relevant guidelines.
Topics: Humans; Ozone; Musculoskeletal Pain; Prospective Studies; Chronic Pain; Female; Male; Oxidation-Reduction; Adult; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Betamethasone; Pain Measurement
PubMed: 38805526
DOI: No ID Found