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PloS One 2022Safranine O is widely used in the bioenergetics community as an indicator dye to determine membrane potentials and as an electron transfer mediator in potentiometric...
Safranine O is widely used in the bioenergetics community as an indicator dye to determine membrane potentials and as an electron transfer mediator in potentiometric titrations. Here we show that two different commercial preparations of Safranine O contain less than sixty percent by weight of the title compound, with the rest primarily consisting of two closely related safranine isomers. All three major isomer components were isolated using reverse phase HPLC and their structures determined using mass spectrometry and two-dimensional NMR. These Safranines have two-electron midpoint potentials ranging from -272 to -315 mV vs. SHE. We have also investigated the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the compounds and found that they display distinct spectral and photophysical properties. While this mixture may aid in Safranine O's utility as a mediator compound, membrane potential measurements must take this range of dye potentials into account.
Topics: Electron Transport; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenazines; Spectrometry, Fluorescence
PubMed: 35749430
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265105 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Dec 1955
Topics: Amino Acids; Enzymes; Glutathione; Homocystine; Liver; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 13271447
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Mar 1955
Topics: Aspartic Acid; Homoserine Dehydrogenase; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases
PubMed: 14353905
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020The process of reduction (by hydrogen and ethanol) and oxidation (by oxygen and NO) of Cu sites in dealuminated faujasite-type zeolites (of Si/Al = 31) was studied by...
The process of reduction (by hydrogen and ethanol) and oxidation (by oxygen and NO) of Cu sites in dealuminated faujasite-type zeolites (of Si/Al = 31) was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy with CO (for Cu) and NO (for Cu) as probe molecules. Two zeolites were studied: one of them contained mostly Cu, whereas another one contained mostly Cu and Cu The susceptibility of various forms of Cu for reduction were investigated. IR experiments of CO sorption evidenced that Cu was more prone for the reduction than Cu According to NO sorption studies, Cu was reduced in the first order before Cu Ethanol reduced mostly Cu and, also, some amounts of Cu. The treatment with oxygen caused the oxidation of Cu (both Cu and Cu) to Cu. The adsorption of NO at 190K produced Cu(NO) dinitrosyls, but heating to room temperature transformed dinitrosyls to mononitrosyls and increased the Cu content.
Topics: Adsorption; Copper; Hydrogen; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Zeolites
PubMed: 33081409
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204765 -
Redox Biology Apr 2020
Topics: Biology; Oxidation-Reduction; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 32279981
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101533 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta Sep 2010Here we extend the engineering descriptions of simple, single-electron-tunneling chains common in oxidoreductases to quantify sequential oxidation-reduction rates of... (Review)
Review
Here we extend the engineering descriptions of simple, single-electron-tunneling chains common in oxidoreductases to quantify sequential oxidation-reduction rates of two-or-more electron cofactors and substrates. We identify when nicotinamides may be vulnerable to radical mediated oxidation-reduction and merge electron-tunneling expressions with the chemical rate expressions of Eyring. The work provides guidelines for the construction of new artificial oxidoreductases inspired by Nature but adopting independent design and redox engineering.
Topics: Electron Transport; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Photosynthesis; Protein Engineering
PubMed: 20460101
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.04.441 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2020There is a distinct increase in the risk of heart disease in people exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the adverse side... (Review)
Review
There is a distinct increase in the risk of heart disease in people exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the adverse side effects when people are exposed to ionizing radiation. IR may come from various forms, such as diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy for cancer treatment, nuclear disasters, and accidents. However, RIHD was mainly observed after radiotherapy for chest malignant tumors, especially left breast cancer. Radiation therapy (RT) has become one of the main ways to treat all kinds of cancer, which is used to reduce the recurrence of cancer and improve the survival rate of patients. The potential cause of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity is unclear, but it may be relevant to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupts intracellular homeostasis through chemical modification and damages proteins, lipids, and DNA; therefore, it results in a series of related pathophysiological changes. The purpose of this review was to summarise the studies of oxidative stress in radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and provide prevention and treatment methods to reduce cardiac damage.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Cardiotoxicity; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Radiation; Reactive Oxygen Species; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32190171
DOI: 10.1155/2020/3579143 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Jun 1954
Topics: Biotin; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 13174559
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Opinion in Pharmacology Apr 2017Aldehydes are continuously formed in biological systems through enzyme-dependent and spontaneous oxidation of lipids, glucose, and primary amines. These highly reactive,... (Review)
Review
Aldehydes are continuously formed in biological systems through enzyme-dependent and spontaneous oxidation of lipids, glucose, and primary amines. These highly reactive, biogenic electrophiles can become toxic via covalent modification of proteins, lipids and DNA. Thus, agents that scavenge aldehydes through conjugation have therapeutic value for a number of major cardiovascular diseases. Several commonly-prescribed drugs (e.g., hydralazine) have been shown to have potent aldehyde-conjugating properties which may contribute to their beneficial effects. Herein, we briefly describe the major sources and toxicities of biogenic aldehydes in cardiovascular system, and provide an overview of drugs that are known to have aldehyde-conjugating effects. Some compounds of phytochemical origin, and histidyl-dipeptides with emerging therapeutic value in this area are also discussed.
Topics: Aldehydes; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Dipeptides; Humans; Oxidation-Reduction; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 28528297
DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2017.04.004 -
Chimia Sep 2021Some of the most important features of ferrocene chemistry - structure, reactivity, redox properties, and applications - are presented. Their value in the context of...
Some of the most important features of ferrocene chemistry - structure, reactivity, redox properties, and applications - are presented. Their value in the context of conveying many fundamental aspects of molecular chemistry is considered.
Topics: Metallocenes; Molecular Structure; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 34526190
DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2021.805