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Heliyon May 2024A γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing strain JC30 was isolated from traditional kimchi, which was identified as by 16S rDNA sequencing. . JC30 was highly tolerant to...
A γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing strain JC30 was isolated from traditional kimchi, which was identified as by 16S rDNA sequencing. . JC30 was highly tolerant to acid, bile salt, and high temperatures. The survival rate of JC30 in MRS medium (pH 2.5) for 3 h was 60.96 %. Furthermore, the survival rate of JC30 in MRS medium with 3 mg/mL bile salt for 24 h was 86.62 %. The survival rate of JC30 in MRS medium at 56 °C and 58 °C for 10 min was 97.17 % and 78.20 %, respectively. When 2 % v/v JC30 (8.0 log10 CFU/mL) was added to prepare sourdough and the sourdough was then used to make bread, the bread had a higher specific volume (5.13 ± 0.12 mL/g) and GABA content (3.32 ± 0.04 mg/g DW) than the control.
PubMed: 38803853
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31236 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024This study was conducted to investigate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with forage plants in the native grassland...
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Forage Plants in the Native Grassland of Western Inner Mongolia and Their Application for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation.
This study was conducted to investigate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) associated with forage plants in the native grassland of western Inner Mongolia and to evaluate their effects on alfalfa silage fermentation. Forage plants and their spontaneous fermentation silages were analysed using culture-based techniques for LAB isolation; the phenotypic properties and 16S rDNA and S or A gene sequences of the isolates were evaluated; alfalfa was ensiled with four additive combinations: subsp. (GI19), subsp. and (GI19+GI51), GI19 and 20 g/kg fresh matter of sucrose (GI19+S), and GI19+GI51+S, for 60 d. A total of 73 strains belonging to 16 species were isolated. All isolates grew at 5-45 °C and in 3.0% NaCl, and most of them grew in 6.5% NaCl. and were 26.03% and 17.81% of the total isolates, respectively. All additives improved the silage quality, while GI19+S was more effective for alfalfa ensiling with a higher lactic acid content and lower pH, undesirable microorganism counts, and acetic acid and NH-N contents than remnant additives. In conclusion, the LAB species were diverse, and most of them possessed good cryotolerance and osmotolerance; GI19+S was the optimal inoculant for alfalfa fermentation improvement.
PubMed: 38791612
DOI: 10.3390/ani14101394 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024The search for new substances of natural origin, such as flavonoids, is necessary in the fight against the growing number of diseases and bacterial resistance to...
The search for new substances of natural origin, such as flavonoids, is necessary in the fight against the growing number of diseases and bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In our research, we wanted to check the influence of flavonoids with chlorine or bromine atoms and a nitro group on pathogenic and probiotic bacteria. We synthesized flavonoids using Claisen-Schmidt condensation and its modifications, and through biotransformation via entomopathogenic filamentous fungi, we obtained their glycoside derivatives. Biotransformation yielded two new flavonoid glycosides: 8-amino-6-chloroflavone 4'---D-(4″--methyl)-glucopyranoside and 6-bromo-8-nitroflavone 4'---D-(4″--methyl)-glucopyranoside. Subsequently, we checked the antimicrobial properties of the aforementioned aglycon flavonoid compounds against pathogenic and probiotic bacteria and yeast. Our studies revealed that flavones have superior inhibitory effects compared to chalcones and flavanones. Notably, 6-chloro-8-nitroflavone showed potent inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria. Conversely, flavanones 6-chloro-8-nitroflavanone and 6-bromo-8-nitroflavanone stimulated the growth of probiotic bacteria ( and ). Our research has shown that the presence of chlorine, bromine, and nitro groups has a significant effect on their antimicrobial properties.
Topics: Flavonoids; Chlorine; Biotransformation; Bromine; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38791577
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105540 -
BMC Microbiology May 2024Spontaneous fermentation of cereals like millet involves a diverse population of microbes from various sources, including raw materials, processing equipment, fermenting...
Spontaneous fermentation of cereals like millet involves a diverse population of microbes from various sources, including raw materials, processing equipment, fermenting receptacles, and the environment. Here, we present data on the predominant microbial species and their succession at each stage of the Hausa koko production process from five regions of Ghana. The isolates were enumerated using selective media, purified, and phenotypically characterised. The LAB isolates were further characterised by 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing, typed using (GTG) repetitive-PCR, and whole genome sequencing, while 28S rRNA Sanger sequencing was performed for yeast identification. The pH of the millet grains ranged from mean values of 6.02-6.53 to 3.51-3.99 in the final product, depending on the processors. The mean LAB and yeast counts increased during fermentation then fell to final counts of log 2.77-3.95 CFU/g for LAB and log 2.10-2.98 CFU/g for yeast in Hausa koko samples. At the various processing stages, the counts of LAB and yeast revealed significant variations (p < 0.0001). The species of LAB identified in this study were Limosilactobacillus pontis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis, and Weissella confusa. The yeasts were Saccharomyces cf. cerevisiae/paradoxus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kudriavzevii, Clavispora lusitaniae and Candida tropicalis. The identification and sequencing of these novel isolates and how they change during the fermentation process will pave the way for future controlled fermentation, safer starter cultures, and identifying optimal stages for starter culture addition or nutritional interventions. These LAB and yeast species are linked to many indigenous African fermented foods, potentially acting as probiotics in some cases. This result serves as the basis for further studies into the technological and probiotic potential of these Hausa koko microorganisms.
Topics: Fermentation; Ghana; Yeasts; Food Microbiology; Fermented Foods; Millets; Lactobacillales; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Phylogeny; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Edible Grain
PubMed: 38745280
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03317-1 -
Cureus Apr 2024Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly being used in the management of severe aortic stenosis, mainly in older and/or medically compromised...
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is increasingly being used in the management of severe aortic stenosis, mainly in older and/or medically compromised patients, due to its minimally invasive nature. As in any valve replacement procedure, endocarditis is a recognized complication, more so in TAVI patients, in whom comorbidities are highly prevalent. We report the case of a 70-year-old male with a history of liver cirrhosis and a recent TAVI, who presented with recurrent fever and sustained bacteremia. The diagnosis of endocarditis was delayed, as the microorganism was initially discarded as a contaminant, given that are rarely described as human pathogens. However, in cirrhotic patients, microbiota may cause intermittent bacteremia and thereby affect prosthetic valves. Transthoracic echocardiography was not helpful in validating the diagnosis, as is often the case in TAVI patients. Transesophageal echocardiography was deemed perilous, due to esophageal varices complicating the underlying cirrhosis. Therefore, endocarditis diagnosis was based on sustained bacteremia and Duke's criteria, including the presence of high fever, a predisposing cardiac lesion, splenic infarction, and the exclusion of an alternative diagnosis. Moreover, cirrhosis enhanced the side effects of treatment and led to the need for regimen changes and prolonged hospitalization. Given the precariousness of the situation, confirmation of treatment success by 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) scan was sought. This is the first reported case of TAVI endocarditis in a cirrhotic patient, highlighting the unique challenges in the diagnosis and management of TAVI endocarditis in patients with co-existing conditions.
PubMed: 38707070
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57509 -
Pharmaceutics Apr 2024Pomegranate flower extract, rich in anthocyanins, demonstrates beneficial health-promoting properties such as an anti-diabetic and antioxidant effect, among others....
Pomegranate flower extract, rich in anthocyanins, demonstrates beneficial health-promoting properties such as an anti-diabetic and antioxidant effect, among others. However, the potential health-promoting properties may be hindered by the low stability of anthocyanins. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess whether stabilizing carriers, namely HP-γ-cyclodextrin (HP-γ-CD), α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD), Inulin (Inu) and Arabic gum (AGu) affect the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of lyophilized pomegranate flower extract, how they influence stability, release profile, and whether the systems exhibit prebiotic activity. Interactions between pomegranate flower extract and these factors were analyzed using FT-IR. The structures were examined through microscopic imaging while for the prepared prebiotic systems, antidiabetic activity was determined and confirmed by the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase; antioxidant activity was expressed by DPPH and CUPRAC assays. The content of pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside in these systems was assessed using the HPLC method. The release profiles of pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside were examined in a medium at pH = 6.8 and pH = 1.2, and the stability was assessed after subjecting the systems to high temperatures (T = 90 °C). The prebiotic potential was evaluated for 10 prebiotic bacterial strains (, , , , , , , , ). As a result of the conducted research, better functionalities of the obtained systems containing Pomegranate flower extract were proven in terms of prebiotic and antidiabetic effects. The obtained delivery systems for pelargonidin-3,5-glucoside allow for better use of its health-promoting effects.
PubMed: 38675187
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040526 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and...
The compounds present in hemp show multidirectional biological activity. It is related to the presence of secondary metabolites, mainly cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids, and the synergy of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the Henola extract and its combinations with selected carriers (polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) in terms of antimicrobial, probiotic, and immunobiological effects. As a result of the conducted research, the antimicrobial activity of the extract was confirmed in relation to the following microorganisms: , , , , , , , , , and (microorganism count was reduced from ~10 CFU mL to <10 CFU mL in most cases). Additionally, for the system with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, a significant probiotic potential against bacterial strains was established for strains , , , , , , , , , and (microorganism count was increased from ~10 to 10-10). In terms of immunomodulatory properties, it was determined that the tested extract and the systems caused changes in IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels.
PubMed: 38667045
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040369 -
BMC Microbiology Apr 2024The genomic information available for Pediococcus pentosaceus is primarily derived from fermented fruits and vegetables, with less information available from fermented...
BACKGROUND
The genomic information available for Pediococcus pentosaceus is primarily derived from fermented fruits and vegetables, with less information available from fermented meat. P. pentosaceus LL-07, a strain isolated from fermented meat, has the capability of producing exopolysaccharides (EPS). To assess the probiotic attributes of P. pentosaceus LL-07, we conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) using the PacBio SequelIIe and Illumina MiSeq platforms, followed by in vitro experiments to explore its probiotic potential.
RESULTS
The genome size of P. pentosaceus LL-07 is 1,782,685 bp, comprising a circular chromosome and a circular plasmid. Our investigation revealed the absence of a CRISPR/Cas system. Sugar fermentation experiments demonstrated the characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism. P. pentosaceus LL-07 contains an EPS synthesis gene cluster consisting of 13 genes, which is different from the currently known gene cluster structure. NO genes associated with hemolysis or toxin synthesis were detected. Additionally, eighty-six genes related to antibiotic resistance were identified but not present in the prophage, transposon or plasmid. In vitro experiments demonstrated that P. pentosaceus LL-07 was comparable to the reference strain P. pentosaceus ATCC25745 in terms of tolerance to artificial digestive juice and bile, autoaggregation and antioxidation, and provided corresponding genomic evidence.
CONCLUSION
This study confirmed the safety and probiotic properties of P. pentosaceus LL-07 via complete genome and phenotype analysis, supporting its characterization as a potential probiotic candidate.
Topics: Probiotics; Pediococcus pentosaceus; Genome, Bacterial; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Fermentation; Whole Genome Sequencing; Fermented Foods; Meat; Multigene Family; Genomics; Humans; Plasmids; Food Microbiology
PubMed: 38664612
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03304-6 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Mulberry has high crude protein and biologically active compounds but is difficult to be ensiled due to the lack of adequate epiphytic LAB. This study aimed to...
Mulberry has high crude protein and biologically active compounds but is difficult to be ensiled due to the lack of adequate epiphytic LAB. This study aimed to investigate the effects of inoculation with and isolated from mulberry with higher antioxidant capacity alone or in combination with on chemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity, bacterial community, and metabolite composition of mulberry silage. The results showed that all inoculation groups had higher dry matter and lower pH than the control group, particularly in LP (dry matter, DM, 32.03% and pH 4.44) and LP_PP_SB (DM, 31.68% and pH = 4.26) after 60 days of ensiling. Ammonia nitrogen (AN) content was the lowest in both LP_SB and LP_PP_SB groups, which were 1.86 g/kg FM and 1.05 g/kg FM, respectively, ( < 0.05). Only the LP_PP_SB group showed increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 1.2851 g/kg DM, < 0.05) than the control group. Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values were increased in all inoculation-treated groups compared with the control group ( < 0.05). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH), 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and FRAP exhibited the highest levels in the LP_PP- and LP_PP_SB-treated groups. was dominant in both the control and SB-treated groups, and the relative abundance was 41.18% and 32.35%, respectively ( < 0.05). The relative abundance of was higher in the LP-, LP_PP-, and LP_SB-treated groups (81.84%-82.69%). Relative abundance of was higher in the PP-, PP_SB-, and LP_PP_SB-treated groups (74.27%-85.27%). Untargeted metabolomics analysis results showed that five flavonoids (apigenin, eriodictyol, quercetin-3-glucoside, rutin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside)were upregulated in all inoculation groups (except for the SB-treated groups). Among them, eriodictyol was both positively correlated with ABTS and FRAP and also showed the highest relative abundance in the LP_PP- and LP_PP_SB-treated groups. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first to investigate the relationship between inoculants of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria and antioxidant capacity by 16s rRNA Illumina sequencing technology and untargeted metabolomics analysis, respectively. Consequently, inoculated alone, respectively, or in combination with increased the relative abundance of and and decreased the relative abundance of , particularly in the LP_PP_SB-treated group. In addition, inoculants could increase the relative abundance of five flavonoids (apigenin, eriodictyol, quercetin-3-glucoside, rutin, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside), especially eriodictyol to improve the antioxidant capacity of mulberry silage.
PubMed: 38650879
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1363256 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains are currently gaining attention in the food industry and various biological applications because of their harmless and functional...
Whole-genome analysis suggesting probiotic potential and safety properties of DSPZPP1, a promising LAB strain isolated from traditional fermented sausages of the Basilicata region (Southern Italy).
INTRODUCTION
Many lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains are currently gaining attention in the food industry and various biological applications because of their harmless and functional properties. Given the growing consumer demand for safe food, further research into potential probiotic bacteria is beneficial. Therefore, we aimed to characterize DSPZPP1, a LAB strain isolated from traditional fermented sausages from the Basilicata region of Southern Italy.
METHODS
In this study, we analyzed the whole genome of the DSPZPP1 strain and performed characterization to evaluate its applicability for probiotics and use in the food industry.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The whole-genome assembly and functional annotations revealed many interesting characteristics of the DSPZPP1 strain. Sequencing raw reads were assembled into a draft genome of size 1,891,398 bp, with a G + C content of 37.3%. Functional annotation identified 1930 protein-encoding genes and 58 RNAs including tRNA, tmRNA, and 16S, 23S, and 5S rRNAs. The analysis shows the presence of genes that encode water-soluble B-group vitamins such as biotin, folate, coenzyme A, and riboflavin. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that the DSPZPP1 strain can synthesize class II bacteriocin, penocin A, adding importance to the food industry for bio-enriched food. The DSPZPP1 genome does not show the presence of plasmids, and no genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and virulence were found. In addition, two intact bacteriophages were identified. Importantly, the lowest probability value in pathogenicity analysis indicates that this strain is non-pathogenic to humans. 16 s rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis and comparative analysis based on ANI and Tetra reveal that the DSPZPP1 strain shares the closest evolutionary relationship with DSM 20336 and other strains. Analysis of carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) identified glycosyl transferases (GT) as a main class of enzymes followed by glycoside hydrolases (GH). Our study shows several interesting characteristics of the isolated DSPZPP1 strain from fermented Italian sausages, suggesting its potential use as a promising probiotic candidate and making it more appropriate for selection as a future additive in biopreservation.
PubMed: 38638895
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1268216