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Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni Jan 2024Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection is a zoonotic disease characterized by smallpox-like rashes. It is endemic in Central and West Africa. The World Health Organization...
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection is a zoonotic disease characterized by smallpox-like rashes. It is endemic in Central and West Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease as an epidemic due to a significant increase in the number of reported cases, starting from Europe and spreading to other regions, particularly in certain areas, in May 2022. On July 23, 2022, it was recognized as a public health problem of international importance. Our country has also been affected by this epidemic, and the official number of reported cases is twelve. In this case report, an adolescent case diagnosed with MPXV infection was presented. A 17-year-old male patient admitted with the complaints of sores around the mouth and genital area, fever and headache. The patient had a history of sexual contact with three different males in the last six months. Honey-colored crusted papules and plaques were observed in the perioral area, as well as crusted papules on the penile and gluteal areas. Ulcerative sores were present in the oral cavity. Laboratory tests for sexually transmitted diseases confirmed the patient's HIV-positive status and MPXV infection through PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing. Antiviral treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was initiated after the HIV RNA level resulted in 263000 copies/mL. Additionally, a glycopeptide was added to the treatment regimen when methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus growth was detected in the swab culture taken from the wounds on the patient's face. No specific treatment was administered for MPXV due to the patient's uncomplicated clinical course and overall well-being. This case report aims to raise awareness about monkeypox disease in children by highlighting the clinical findings and potential risk factors.
Topics: Child; Male; Animals; Humans; Adolescent; Mpox (monkeypox); Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Zoonoses; Europe; HIV Infections
PubMed: 38263944
DOI: 10.5578/mb.20249909 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2024The availability of target cells expressing the HIV receptors CD4 and CCR5 in genital tissue is a critical determinant of HIV susceptibility during sexual transmission.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The availability of target cells expressing the HIV receptors CD4 and CCR5 in genital tissue is a critical determinant of HIV susceptibility during sexual transmission. Quantification of immune cells in genital tissue is therefore an important outcome for studies on HIV susceptibility and prevention. Immunofluorescence microscopy allows for precise visualization of immune cells in mucosal tissues; however, this technique is limited in clinical studies by the lack of an accurate, unbiased, high-throughput image analysis method. Current pixel-based thresholding methods for cell counting struggle in tissue regions with high cell density and autofluorescence, both of which are common features in genital tissue. We describe a deep-learning approach using the publicly available StarDist method to count cells in immunofluorescence microscopy images of foreskin stained for nuclei, CD3, CD4, and CCR5. The accuracy of the model was comparable to manual counting (gold standard) and surpassed the capability of a previously described pixel-based cell counting method. We show that the performance of our deep-learning model is robust in tissue regions with high cell density and high autofluorescence. Moreover, we show that this deep-learning analysis method is both easy to implement and to adapt for the identification of other cell types in genital mucosal tissue.
Topics: Humans; Male; Cell Count; Cell Nucleus; Deep Learning; Foreskin; HIV Infections
PubMed: 38263439
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52613-3 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.... Jan 2024We present our technique for second-stage scrotoplasty with autologous tissue augmentation following gender-affirming metoidioplasty. This technique augments the scrotum...
We present our technique for second-stage scrotoplasty with autologous tissue augmentation following gender-affirming metoidioplasty. This technique augments the scrotum while removing the upper labia majora and making the penis more visible and accessible. This procedure avoids the need for testicular prostheses and their potential for discomfort, displacement, extrusion, or infection. Our preliminary results show that the complication rate is low.
PubMed: 38260756
DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000005545 -
Urologia Internationalis 2024Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) significantly reduces the risk for malignant diseases like cervix, anal, or penile cancer. However, although vaccination...
INTRODUCTION
Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) significantly reduces the risk for malignant diseases like cervix, anal, or penile cancer. However, although vaccination rates are rising, they are still too low mirroring a lack of disease awareness in the community. This study aims to evaluate knowledge about HPV vaccination as well as the vaccination rate among German medical students.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Medical students were surveyed during a German medical students' sports event. The self-designed survey on HPV vaccination consisted of 24 items. The data collection was anonymous.
RESULTS
Among 974 participating medical students 64.9% (632) were women, 335 (34.4%) were male and 7 (0.7%) were nonbinary. Mean age was 23.1 ± 2.7 (± standard deviation; range 18-35) years. Respondents had studied mean 6.6 ± 3.3 (1-16) semesters and 39.4% (383) had completed medical education in urology. 613 (64%) respondents reported that HPV had been discussed during their studies. 7.6% (74) had never heard of HPV. In a multivariate model female gender, the knowledge about HPV, and having worked on the topic were significantly associated with being HPV-vaccinated. Older students were vaccinated less likely.
CONCLUSIONS
Better knowledge and having worked on the topic of HPV were associated with a higher vaccination rate. However, even in this highly selected group the knowledge about HPV vaccination was low. Consequently, more information and awareness campaigns on HPV vaccination are needed in Germany to increase vaccination rates.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Students, Medical; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Surveys and Questionnaires; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Vaccination
PubMed: 38246131
DOI: 10.1159/000536257 -
Epigenetics Dec 2024Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare and aggressive tumour mainly related to lifestyle behaviour and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Environmentally...
Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare and aggressive tumour mainly related to lifestyle behaviour and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Environmentally induced loss of imprinting (LOI) at the H19 differentially methylated region (H19DMR) is associated with many cancers in the early events of tumorigenesis and may be involved in the pathogenesis of penile SCC. We sought to evaluate the DNA methylation pattern at H19DMR and its association with HPV infection in men with penile SCC by bisulfite sequencing (bis-seq). We observed an average methylation of 32.2% ± 11.6% at the H19DMR of penile SCC and did not observe an association between the p16+ ( = 0.59) and high-risk HPV+ ( = 0.338) markers with methylation level. The average methylation did not change according to HPV positive for p16+ or hrHPV+ (35.4% ± 10%) and negative for both markers (32.4% ± 10.1%) groups. As the region analysed has a binding site for the CTCF protein, the hypomethylation at the surrounding CpG sites might alter its insulator function. In addition, there was a positive correlation between intense polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and hypomethylation at H19DMR ( = 0.035). Here, we report that hypomethylation at H19DMR in penile SCC might contribute to tumour progression and aggressiveness regardless of HPV infection.
Topics: Male; Humans; DNA Methylation; Papillomavirus Infections; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Carcinogenesis; RNA, Long Noncoding
PubMed: 38245880
DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2305081 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024Condyloma acuminatum is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus infection and is a benign hyperplastic lesion of the genital and perianal...
Condyloma acuminatum is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus infection and is a benign hyperplastic lesion of the genital and perianal areas. The principle of its treatment is to remove the visible warts as much as possible and to prevent recurrence. Traditional treatment methods of condyloma acuminatum, such as CO laser, liquid nitrogen freezing, surgery, and topical medications, can remove warts. However, these methods have disadvantages such as pain, high recurrence rates, long treatment cycles, and scarring. Aminolevulinic acid/photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), a safe and effective method, has been widely used to treat condyloma acuminatum in recent years. Condyloma acuminatum occurs relatively rarely in elderly patients, in whom treatment is difficult owing to poorer physiological function. We successfully treated an 87-year-old patient with a giant condyloma acuminatum of the glans penis using six sessions of ALA-PDT at 7-day intervals and obtained satisfactory results. No recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up. Therefore, ALA-PDT is worth popularizing in clinical practice.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aminolevulinic Acid; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor; Condylomata Acuminata; Papillomaviridae
PubMed: 38242187
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103980 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jan 2024Various infectious agents can infect the male reproductive system.
BACKGROUND
Various infectious agents can infect the male reproductive system.
OBJECTIVES
The aims of this study were to provide current data on fungal and yeast flora of the external organs of reproductive system of male short hair cats including penis and prepuce.
METHODS
In total 28 samples were taken from external genital system of male stray cats using sterilised cotton swabs. Samples were taken based on the absence of any reproductive complications using physical examinations. The samples were transferred to sterilised Stuart transport media and were then incubated in the Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol at 32°C for 48 h. The identification of fungi and yeasts was confirmed by germ tube formation test, CHROM agar, urease testing and Corn meal agar medium with Tween 80.
RESULTS
Fungal agents were isolated from 7 (25%) out of 28 male stray cats. Fungal isolates were obtained from the penis and prepuce of 4 (36%) and 7 (100%) male cats, respectively. The most commonly recovered species samples were Candida krusei (3.75%) and Penicillum spp. (6.86%) from the penis and prepuce of the cats, respectively. The external organs of male reproduction of cats were infected with 2-4 different fungal agents. Only 5 (45%) cats were infected with one fungus; however, in 6 (55%) cats, mixed fungal infections were isolated. Cats 3-4 years old had the highest fungal contamination in the prepuce region (4/7), while the penis at this age had the least contamination (1/4).
CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that the external reproduction organs of male cats could be infected by different fungal agents.
Topics: Cats; Male; Animals; Female; Agar; Mycoses; Genitalia, Male; Culture Media; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Reproduction; Cat Diseases
PubMed: 38227711
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1351 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jan 2024Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common genital, ocular and gastric tumour in horses. Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) DNA has been detected in several...
BACKGROUND
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common genital, ocular and gastric tumour in horses. Equus caballus papillomavirus type 2 (EcPV2) DNA has been detected in several studies in equine penile squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and precursor lesions providing evidence of a causal role of EcPV2 in equine genital SCCs. Recently, EcPV2 E6/E7 nucleic acids were also detected in equine gastric SCCs, but further studies are required to determine the role of EcPV2 infection in the pathogenesis of gastric SCC. EcPV2 nucleic acids have been rarely described in ocular SCCs and precursor lesions.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the presence of EcPV2 nucleic acids with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridisation (ISH) in penile hyperplasias, papillomas and SCCs in horses and to determine whether EcPV2 nucleic acids can be detected in SCCs affecting other locations, including the stomach, ocular tissues and larynx.
METHODS
Twenty-one archival formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples, including 12 genital lesions comprising penile hyperplasias, papillomas and SCCs, 6 ocular SCCs, 2 gastric SCCs and 1 laryngeal SCC, were screened by PCR and ISH for EcPV2 E6/E7 DNA and mRNA. Archival FFPE tissue samples (eyelid and penile mucosa and preputium) from six horses without a diagnosis or history of neoplastic or papillomavirus-associated disease were included as controls.
RESULTS
EcPV2 nucleic acids were detected by PCR and ISH in all genital lesions (12/12) and gastric SCCs (2/2), in two ocular SCCs (2/6) and in one laryngeal SCC (1/1). In control horses, one eyelid sample was positive in PCR but not in ISH. The remaining control samples were negative for EcPV2 E6/E7 nucleic acids in PCR and ISH.
CONCLUSIONS
These results further support the role of EcPV2 infection in the development of equine genital SCCs and suggest that EcPV2 infection may also act as a predisposing factor for other SCCs in horses, including gastric, ocular and laryngeal SCCs.
Topics: Horses; Animals; DNA, Viral; Hyperplasia; Horse Diseases; Papillomavirus Infections; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Papillomaviridae; Papilloma
PubMed: 38227707
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1342 -
Urology Case Reports Jan 2024Testicular cancers represent about 5 % of all urological tumors. Most patients who undergo radical orchiectomy (RO) decide to place a testicular prosthesis, for a...
Testicular cancers represent about 5 % of all urological tumors. Most patients who undergo radical orchiectomy (RO) decide to place a testicular prosthesis, for a cosmetic result and to accept the testicular loss. Among all late complications, a spontaneous prosthesis rupture is a rare event contrary to penile prosthesis. The present study reported the case of a 53-year-old Italian man has presented to our department principally for a suspicious rupture of testicular implant, placed twenty years before after a RO. Despite the findings at scrotal ultrasonography, at final histology, the mass was identified as spontaneously broken intra-scrotal epidermoid cyst.
PubMed: 38222483
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102639 -
Pediatric Annals Jan 2024Genital ulcers may be located on the vagina, penis, and anorectal or perineal areas and may be infectious or noninfectious. Vaginal ulcers affect patients of all ages... (Review)
Review
Genital ulcers may be located on the vagina, penis, and anorectal or perineal areas and may be infectious or noninfectious. Vaginal ulcers affect patients of all ages and are commonly due to sexually transmitted infections, such as herpes simplex virus, the most common cause of genital ulcers in the United States. Non-sexually transmitted infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, and other noninfectious causes, such as trauma, medications, and autoimmune disease, rarely can present with genital ulcers. Appropriate history, examination findings, and targeted testing must be used to correctly diagnose and treat vaginal ulcers. .
Topics: Female; Humans; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Ulcer; Vagina; Vulvovaginitis
PubMed: 38194657
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231113-03