-
The Tokai Journal of Experimental and... Jul 2024Panniculitis is an inflammation that occurs in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Panniculitis includes physical panniculitis (e.g., traumatic) and infectious panniculitis...
Panniculitis is an inflammation that occurs in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Panniculitis includes physical panniculitis (e.g., traumatic) and infectious panniculitis (e.g., bacterial, fungal, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma [SPCTL], etc.). Accurate diagnosis is crucial due to similar clinical presentation of all types of panniculitis. Here, we report a case of SPCTL which was initially diagnosed with traumatic panniculitis. A 15-year-old male patient was admitted to a previous hospital due to a progressively enlarged right flank and inguinal mass after an abdominal bruise. He was initially diagnosed with traumatic panniculitis, but the mass expanded throughout the chest and abdomen accompanied by a fever of over 11 months. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a subcutaneous mass in the anterior chest and abdominal wall. Fludeoxyglucose F18 (FDG) uptake was observed at those lesions using FDG-positron emission tomography (PET). A biopsy of the mass lesion was performed, during which SPCTL was diagnosed based on pathological examination. He was initially treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A for two weeks. His fever went down, but subcutaneous mass in the chest and abdominal wall persisted. Therefore, he received a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) regimen. After 6 courses of CHOP, CT revealed no disease evidence. He remained in complete remission at 30 months of therapy.
Topics: Humans; Male; Panniculitis; Adolescent; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Vincristine; Disease Progression; Prednisone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Positron-Emission Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Treatment Outcome; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 38904233
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Research Notes Jun 2024The study objective was to investigate the potential of quantitative measures of pulmonary inflammation by [18 F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE AND RESULTS DESCRIPTION
The study objective was to investigate the potential of quantitative measures of pulmonary inflammation by [18 F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) as a surrogate marker of inflammation in COPD. Patients treated with anti-inflammatory Liraglutide were compared to placebo and correlated with inflammatory markers. 27 COPD-patients (14 receiving Liraglutide treatment and 13 receiving placebo) underwent 4D-respiratory-gated FDG-PET/CT before and after treatment. Two raters independently segmented the lungs from CT images and measured activity in whole lung, mean standard uptake values (SUVmean) corrected for lean-body-mass in the phase-matched PET images of the whole segmented lung volume, and total lesion glycolysis (TLG; SUVmean multiplied by volume). Inter-rater reliability was analyzed with Bland-Altman analysis and correlation plots. We found no differences in metabolic activity in the lungs between the two groups as a surrogate of pulmonary inflammation, and no changes in inflammation markers. The purpose of the research and brief summary of main findings. The degree of and changes in pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be difficult to ascertain. Measuring metabolic activity as a surrogate marker of inflammation by FDG-PET/CT may be useful, but data on its use in COPD including reproducibility is still limited, especially with respiration-gated technique, which should improve quantification in the lungs. We assessed several quantitative measures of metabolic activity and correlated them with inflammation markers, and we assessed reproducibility of the methods. We found no differences in metabolic activity between the two groups (before and after 40 weeks treatment with Liraglutide vs. placebo). Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between the two raters.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was conducted between February 2018 and March 2020 at the Department of Pulmonary Diseases at Hospital South West Jutland and Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark, and registered from March 2018 at clinicaltrials.gov with trial registration number NCT03466021.
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Male; Female; Aged; Middle Aged; Lung; Pneumonia; Liraglutide; Respiration; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 38902794
DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06820-w -
Scientific Reports Jun 202417β-estradiol, the most biologically active estrogen, exerts wide-ranging effects in brain through its action on estrogen receptors (ERs), influencing higher-order...
17β-estradiol, the most biologically active estrogen, exerts wide-ranging effects in brain through its action on estrogen receptors (ERs), influencing higher-order cognitive function and neurobiological aging. However, our knowledge of ER expression and regulation by neuroendocrine aging in the living human brain is limited. This in vivo brain F-fluoroestradiol (F-FES) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) study of healthy midlife women reveals progressively higher ER density over the menopause transition in estrogen-regulated networks. Effects were independent of age, plasma estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin, and were highly consistent, correctly classifying all women as being postmenopausal or premenopausal. Higher ER density in target regions was associated with poorer memory performance for both postmenopausal and perimenopausal groups, and predicted presence of self-reported mood and cognitive symptoms after menopause. These findings provide novel insights on brain ER density modulation by female neuroendocrine aging, with clinical implications for women's health.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Cognition; Brain; Aging; Receptors, Estrogen; Positron-Emission Tomography; Adult; Estradiol; Neurosecretory Systems; Menopause
PubMed: 38902275
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62820-7 -
Oncotarget Jun 2024Results for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients following first-line treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab obtained with immunotherapy-modified PERCIST... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparison of FDG-PET/CT and CT for evaluation of tumor response to nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy and prognosis prediction in patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma.
OBJECTIVES
Results for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients following first-line treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab obtained with immunotherapy-modified PERCIST (imPERCIST), shown by [F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT), and modified RECIST (mRECIST), shown by CT, were compared for response evaluation and prognosis prediction.
RESULTS
imPERCIST indicated nine progressive metabolic disease (PMD), eight stable metabolic disease (SMD), four partial metabolic response (PMR), and five complete metabolic response (CMR) cases. mRECIST showed nine with progressive disease (PD), nine stable disease (SD), seven partial response (PR), and one complete response (CR). Although high concordance was noted (κ = 0.827), imPERCIST correctly judged a greater percentage with CMR (15.4%). Following a median 10.0 months, 15 patients showed progression and eight died from MPM. With both, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly longer in patients without progression (CMR/PMR/SMD, CR/PR/SD, respectively) as compared to PMD/PD patients (imPERCIST < 0.0001 and = 0.015, respectively; mRECIST < 0.0001 and = 0.015, respectively).
METHODS
Twenty-six patients (23 males, 3 females; median 73.5 years) with histologically proven MPM and no curative surgery received nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy. FDG-PET/CT and diagnostic CT scanning at the baseline, and after 2-4 cycles (2 in three, 3 in 17, 4 in six patients) were performed. Therapeutic response findings evaluated using imPERCIST and mRECIST were compared. PFS and OS analyses were done using log-rank and Cox methods.
CONCLUSION
For unresectable MPM patient examinations, FDG-PET and CT provide accurate findings for evaluating tumor response and also prognosis prediction following first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab immunotherapy (approximately three cycles).
Topics: Humans; Ipilimumab; Male; Nivolumab; Female; Aged; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Middle Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Prognosis; Pleural Neoplasms; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Mesothelioma; Lung Neoplasms; Aged, 80 and over; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38900646
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28594 -
Radiology. Cardiothoracic Imaging Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Ammonia; Prognosis; Positron-Emission Tomography; Nitrogen Radioisotopes; Heart Ventricles; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right; Male
PubMed: 38900027
DOI: 10.1148/ryct.240187 -
Addiction Biology Jun 2024The association of impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission with the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder is well known. More specifically, reduced...
Correlation of striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability with GABA level in the anterior cingulate cortex in healthy controls but not in alcohol-dependent subjects and individuals at high risk: A multimodal magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography study.
BACKGROUND
The association of impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission with the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder is well known. More specifically, reduced dopamine D2/3 receptors in the striatum of subjects with alcohol dependence (AD) compared to healthy controls have been found in previous studies. Furthermore, alterations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of AD subjects have been documented in several studies. However, the interaction between cortical Glu levels and striatal dopamine D2/3 receptors has not been investigated in AD thus far.
METHODS
This study investigated dopamine D2/3 receptor availability via 18F-fallypride positron emission tomography (PET) and GABA as well as Glu levels via magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in 19 detoxified AD subjects, 18 healthy controls (low risk, LR) controls and 19 individuals at high risk (HR) for developing AD, carefully matched for sex, age and smoking status.
RESULTS
We found a significant negative correlation between GABA levels in the ACC and dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the associative striatum of LR but not in AD or HR individuals. Contrary to our expectations, we did not observe a correlation between Glu concentrations in the ACC and striatal D2/3 receptor availability.
CONCLUSIONS
The results may reflect potential regulatory cortical mechanisms on mesolimbic dopamine receptors and their disruption in AD and individuals at high risk, mirroring complex neurotransmitter interactions associated with the pathogenesis of addiction. This is the first study combining 18F-fallypride PET and MRS in AD subjects and individuals at high risk.
Topics: Humans; Positron-Emission Tomography; Gyrus Cinguli; Male; Alcoholism; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Adult; Female; Receptors, Dopamine D3; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Middle Aged; Corpus Striatum; Case-Control Studies; Glutamic Acid; Benzamides
PubMed: 38899357
DOI: 10.1111/adb.13424 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Jun 2024Giant cell tumor of bone is a locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing tumor, and also a potential malignant tumor that may develop into a primary malignant giant...
BACKGROUND
Giant cell tumor of bone is a locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing tumor, and also a potential malignant tumor that may develop into a primary malignant giant cell tumor.
AIM
To evaluate the role of multimodal imaging in the diagnosis of giant cell tumors of bone.
METHODS
The data of 32 patients with giant cell tumor of bone confirmed by core-needle biopsy or surgical pathology at our hospital between March 2018 and March 2023 were retrospectively selected. All the patients with giant cell tumors of the bone were examined by X-ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 7 of them were examined by positron emission tomography (PET)-CT.
RESULTS
X-ray imaging can provide overall information on giant cell tumor lesions. CT and MRI can reveal the characteristics of the internal structure of the tumor as well as the adjacent relationships of the tumor, and these methods have unique advantages for diagnosing tumors and determining the scope of surgery. PET-CT can detect small lesions and is highly valuable for identifying benign and malignant tumors to aid in the early diagnosis of metastasis.
CONCLUSION
Multimodal imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of giant cell tumor of bone and can provide a reference for the treatment of giant cell tumors.
PubMed: 38899310
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i16.2722 -
Brain and Behavior Jun 2024To explore the functional connectivity (FC) characteristics of the episodic memory network (EMN) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients with different...
OBJECTIVE
To explore the functional connectivity (FC) characteristics of the episodic memory network (EMN) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients with different levels of executive function (EF).
METHODS
This study included 76 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, comprising 23 healthy controls (HCs) and 53 aMCI patients. Based on EF levels, aMCI patients were categorized into aMCI-highEF and aMCI-lowEF groups. Cognitive function scores, pathological markers (cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid, total tau protein, phosphorylated tau protein, AV45-PET, and FDG-PET), and functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected and compared among the three groups. Seed-based FC analysis was used to examine differences in the EMN among the groups, and partial correlation analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between changes in FC and cognitive function scores as well as pathological markers.
RESULTS
Compared to the aMCI-highEF group, the aMCI-lowEF group exhibited more severe cognitive impairment, decreased cerebral glucose metabolism, and elevated AV45 levels. Significant FC differences in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) of the EMN were observed among the three groups. Post hoc analysis revealed that the aMCI-lowEF group had increased FC in the left STG compared to the HCs and aMCI-highEF groups, with statistically significant differences. Correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the differences in FC in the left STG of aMCI-highEF and aMCI-lowEF groups and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test forgetting scores. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis indicated an area under the curve of 0.741 for distinguishing between aMCI-highEF and aMCI-lowEF groups based on FC of left STG, with a sensitivity of 0.808 and a specificity of 0.667.
CONCLUSION
aMCI-lowEF exhibits characteristic changes in FC within the EMN, providing theoretical support for the role of EF in mediating EMN alterations and, consequently, impacting episodic memory function.
Topics: Humans; Cognitive Dysfunction; Male; Female; Aged; Memory, Episodic; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Executive Function; Amnesia; Positron-Emission Tomography; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Brain; Nerve Net
PubMed: 38898628
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3601 -
BMC Psychiatry Jun 2024Psychotic disorders have long been considered neurodevelopmental disorders where excessive synaptic pruning and cortical volume loss are central to disease pathology. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Psychotic disorders have long been considered neurodevelopmental disorders where excessive synaptic pruning and cortical volume loss are central to disease pathology. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify neuroimaging studies specifically examining synaptic density across the psychosis spectrum.
METHODS
PRISMA guidelines on reporting were followed. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library from inception to December 8, 2023, and included all original peer-reviewed articles or completed clinical neuroimaging studies of any modality measuring synaptic density in participants with a diagnosis of psychosis spectrum disorder as well as individuals with psychosis-risk states. The NIH quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies was used for the risk of bias assessment.
RESULTS
Five studies (k = 5) met inclusion criteria, comprising n = 128 adults (psychotic disorder; n = 61 and healthy volunteers; n = 67 and specifically measuring synaptic density via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A (SV2A). Three studies were included in our primary meta-analysis sharing the same outcome measure of SV2A binding, volume of distribution (V). Regional SV2A V was reduced in psychotic disorder participants in comparison to healthy volunteers, including the occipital lobe (Mean Difference (MD)= -2.17; 95% CI: -3.36 to -0.98; P < 0.001 ), temporal lobe (MD: -2.03; 95% CI: -3.19 to -0.88; P < 0.001 ), parietal lobe (MD:-1.61; 95% CI: -2.85 to -0.37; P = 0.01), anterior cingulate cortex (MD= -1.47; 95% CI: -2.45 to -0.49; P = 0.003), frontal cortex (MD: -1.16; 95% CI: -2.18 to -0.15; P = 0.02), amygdala (MD: -1.36; 95% CI: -2.20 to -0.52, p = 0.002), thalamus (MD:-1.46; 95% CI:-2.46 to -0.46, p = 0.004) and hippocampus (MD= -0.96; 95% CI: -1.59 to -0.33; P = 0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
Preliminary studies provide in vivo evidence for reduced synaptic density in psychotic disorders. However, replication of findings in larger samples is required prior to definitive conclusions being drawn.
PROSPERO
CRD42022359018.
Topics: Humans; Psychotic Disorders; Neuroimaging; Synapses; Positron-Emission Tomography; Brain; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Membrane Glycoproteins
PubMed: 38898401
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05788-y -
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2024
Topics: Positron-Emission Tomography; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Humans; Artificial Intelligence
PubMed: 38897932
DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2024-2365