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The Lancet. Global Health Apr 2024Neurological conditions are the leading cause of death and disability combined. This public health crisis has become a global priority with the introduction of WHO's... (Review)
Review
Neurological conditions are the leading cause of death and disability combined. This public health crisis has become a global priority with the introduction of WHO's Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders 2022-2031 (IGAP). 18 months after this plan was adopted, global neurology stakeholders, including representatives of the OneNeurology Partnership (a consortium uniting global neurology organisations), take stock and advocate for urgent acceleration of IGAP implementation. Drawing on lessons from relevant global health contexts, this Health Policy identifies two priority IGAP targets to expedite national delivery of the entire 10-year plan: namely, to update national policies and plans, and to create awareness campaigns and advocacy programmes for neurological conditions and brain health. To ensure rapid attainment of the identified priority targets, six strategic drivers are proposed: universal community awareness, integrated neurology approaches, intersectoral governance, regionally coordinated IGAP domestication, lived experience-informed policy making, and neurological mainstreaming (advocating to embed brain health into broader policy agendas). Contextualised with globally emerging IGAP-directed efforts and key considerations for intersectoral policy design, this novel framework provides actionable recommendations for policy makers and IGAP implementation partners. Timely, synergistic pursuit of the six drivers might aid WHO member states in cultivating public awareness and policy structures required for successful intersectoral roll-out of IGAP by 2031, paving the way towards brain health for all.
Topics: Humans; Global Health; Health Policy; Policy Making; Public Health; Brain
PubMed: 38485433
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00598-3 -
Heliyon Mar 2024Women experiencing domestic violence might have restrictions in the pregnancy-related decision-making and care-seeking process leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We...
Association between domestic violence and unintended, terminated pregnancy and complications during pregnancy among Indian women: Findings from nationally representative survey.
BACKGROUND
Women experiencing domestic violence might have restrictions in the pregnancy-related decision-making and care-seeking process leading to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We explored the association between domestic violence and undesirable pregnancy events.
METHODS
63,796 women aged 18-49 years covered under the domestic violence module of National Family Health Survey-5, 2019-21. Stratification and clustering in the complex sampling design of the survey were accounted in analysis. Using Poisson regression, prevalence ratio (PR) was reported to provide association of domestic violence with undesirable pregnancy events.
RESULTS
Prevalence of undesirable pregnancy events was 25.0% (95%CI: 24.4%-25.7%) amongst women aged 18-49 years. Prevalence of unintended, terminated pregnancy and complications during pregnancy was 3.2%, 5.1% and 20.9%, respectively. Women aged ≥35 years, educated, unemployed, primi or multi parity, intimate partner/husband being uneducated, facing problem with access to healthcare, belonging to large number of household members (≥4) and poorest or poorer quintile had significantly higher chance of having undesirable pregnancy events. Sexual violence (aPR: 1.11, p = 0.02) had higher chance of having undesirable pregnancy events.
CONCLUSION
One-fourth of reproductive-age group women had undesirable pregnancy events. Sexual violence was significantly associated with these events. Effective policy should protect women from domestic violence to promote maternal well-being.
PubMed: 38455545
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27158 -
Indian Journal of Community Medicine :... 2024Suicide is defined as a fatal self-injurious act with some evidence of intent to die. Despite the evolution of sophisticated methods to commit suicide, hanging remains...
BACKGROUND
Suicide is defined as a fatal self-injurious act with some evidence of intent to die. Despite the evolution of sophisticated methods to commit suicide, hanging remains one of the commonest methods to commit suicide across the world. To evaluate the individuals using hanging as a method of suicide and identify the contributing factors for this behaviour.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital, over a period of 1 year on the suicide attempters using the method of hanging. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with all the 46 attempters. The questions focused on the precipitating events present before the attempt. After the in interview the risk factors of the conversations were identified, tabulated and categorized using descriptive analysis.
RESULTS
Findings from descriptive analysis reveals that significant age group using this method was below 19 years followed by 20-29 age group, female attempters were more compared to male. Psychiatric diagnosis was present in 8 attempters and 4 attempters had alcohol/substance dependence. The most common personality component in attempters was impulsivity. The most common immediate stressor found were financial stress, conflict with family, spouse, humiliation, substance abuse, exam stress and domestic violence.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates that the reasons for suicide attempt by hanging is multifactorial. which includes, psychiatric diagnosis, personality factors, immediate stressors, ease of use, and accessibility, Overall, our study adds to understanding the intricates of this method and will help in developing effective suicide prevention strategies.
PubMed: 38425956
DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_638_22 -
Health Psychology Research 2024Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) carries significant global burden, with approximately 27% of women who have ever had a partner experiencing IPV. Additionally, substance...
BACKGROUND
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) carries significant global burden, with approximately 27% of women who have ever had a partner experiencing IPV. Additionally, substance use (alcohol and drugs) is often associated with aggressive attitudes and serves as a risk factor for IPV.
OBJECTIVE
Determine the association between substance use and the recurrence of IPV in the Peruvian population in 2022.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted using public data from the Ministry of Women, employing regression based on generalized linear models to calculate crude and adjusted Odds Ratios.
RESULTS
A total of 65,290 cases of IPV were analyzed, the results revealed that 93.70% of the reports were cases of recidivism. A relationship was identified between substance use and IPV, with an Odds Ratio of 2.24 for the perpetrator's alcohol consumption and an Odds Ratio of 2.33 for drug use.
CONCLUSION
Based on these findings, it can be concluded that a relationship exists between substance use and IPV, and national strategies should incorporate proper monitoring after the initial report of violence, as well as effective control of substance use among perpetrators.
PubMed: 38419623
DOI: 10.52965/001c.93976 -
European Journal of Obstetrics &... Mar 2024The quality of marital relationships is positively impacted by women's sexual self-esteem. This study aims to determine the factors that affect sexual self-esteem among...
INTRODUCTION
The quality of marital relationships is positively impacted by women's sexual self-esteem. This study aims to determine the factors that affect sexual self-esteem among Iranian women.
METHODS
A total of 1176 eligible women who have been referred to comprehensive healthcare centers of Rasht, participated in this analytical cross-sectional study. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling methodology was applied to achieve samples. Data were collected using a validated Persian version of the Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory in Women-Short Form and related factors checklist.
RESULTS
The mean sexual self-esteem score of the respondents was 103.97(SD =5.29) in this study. Education level of the woman (B = 2.622, P < 0.032), employment status of the woman (B= 9.24, P < 0.01), duration of the marriage (B = 11.47, P < 0.01), body image (B = 3.446, P < 0.01), childhood sexual abuse experiences (B = -0.363, P < 0.01), was related with sexual self-esteem. The sexual self-esteem score increased with an increase in higher levels of education, employment of women, an increase in the duration of the marriage, and a positive body image. However, there was an inverse relationship between the experience of childhood sexual abuse and sexual self-esteem.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings revealed that sexual self-esteem in women is influenced by background, intrapersonal, and interpersonal factors that should be approached in education, counseling, and therapy.
PubMed: 38323102
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100284 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023This study aims to identify the variables that influence the suicidal tendency of women who are married, have had a relationship or are currently in a relationship in...
BACKGROUND/AIM
This study aims to identify the variables that influence the suicidal tendency of women who are married, have had a relationship or are currently in a relationship in Turkey.
METHODS
This study uses cross-sectional data from the 2014 Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies National Research on Domestic Violence Against Women in Turkey. Data from 6,458 women between the ages of 15 and 49 were analyzed in this dataset. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors influencing women's suicidal tendencies.
RESULTS
Based on the analysis's findings, age, education level, health status, number of children, the sector in which the spouse/partner works, the drinking status of the spouse/partner, the situation where the spouse/partner fights with another man in a way that involves physical violence, the cheating status of the spouse/partner, the controlling behaviour of the spouse/partner, exposure to various types of violence by both the spouse/partner and someone other than the partner, and the household income level variables were found to be associated with the suicidal tendency of women.
CONCLUSION
Prioritizing women who are, in particular, between the ages of 15 and 24, live in the south of Turkey, have a high school education, are in poor health, are childless, have low household incomes, live with an unemployed spouse or partner, and are exposed to various forms of violence from their partner or other sources can be achieved more effective results in reducing and preventing women's suicidal behaviors.
Topics: Male; Child; Humans; Female; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Spouse Abuse; Suicidal Ideation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Turkey; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38274522
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1332937 -
Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum 2024Worldwide, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem. Most of the wives of persons with alcohol dependence (PwAD) experience IPV in their...
BACKGROUND
Worldwide, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem. Most of the wives of persons with alcohol dependence (PwAD) experience IPV in their lifetime. The study examined lived experiences of IPV among wives of PwAD.
METHODS
Qualitative research study design was used. Twenty participants were recruited using the consecutive sampling method. The researcher used an in-depth interview guide to collect the data. ATLAS.ti.9 software was used to analyse the qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used for coding and emerging themes. The thematic analysis yielded four themes generated from the in-depth interview: (1) reasons for the IPV, (2) help-seeking, (3) barriers in help-seeking and (4) coping with IPV.
CONCLUSION
Survivors of IPV do not seek help due to self-stigma, unavailable resources, and lack of awareness about treatment for alcohol dependence. Clinicians should routinely screen for IPV among female spouses of persons with alcohol-dependent syndrome and provide psychosocial interventions for the survivors of IPV.
PubMed: 38274495
DOI: 10.4103/jopsys.jopsys_17_23 -
BMC Women's Health Jan 2024Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are receiving increased amounts of attention as a critical public health issue. ACEs have a massive impact on future violence...
BACKGROUND
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are receiving increased amounts of attention as a critical public health issue. ACEs have a massive impact on future violence victimization and perpetration. They are also associated with lifelong mental and physical health consequences as well as premature mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the role of different ACEs among married mothers in predicting the risk of child abuse perpetration in offspring.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 mothers of children aged 2-12 years attending family health centres in Alexandria. The mothers completed a predesigned interview questionnaire on sociodemographic data and data related to ACEs, spousal violence, and child abuse perpetration. Suitable bivariate and multivariate statistical tests were used to analyse the collected data using version 20.0 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
RESULTS
Two-thirds of mothers (66.3%) reported ever having been exposed to any ACE, and 18.6% of them had experienced 3 or more ACEs. Psychological abuse (46%) and witnessing domestic violence (17%) were the most common. Psychological aggression (95.4%), minor physical assault (79%), and neglect (52%) were the most common forms of child abuse perpetrated by the mothers. The number of ACEs experienced by mothers showed a moderate positive significant correlation with the 5 forms of child abuse examined. Different ACEs, mother's age, socioeconomic status, and current exposure to spousal violence were found to be independent predictors of different forms of child abuse (psychological aggression, neglect, minor physical assault, and severe physical assault).
CONCLUSION
Different practices of family violence are strongly connected throughout different stages of an individual's life and across generations. Further understanding of the interconnections among forms of violence and addressing them should be prioritized. Additionally, concerted national strategies across all levels and sectors are needed to address this complex problem.
Topics: Female; Child; Humans; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Cross-Sectional Studies; Egypt; Mothers; Child Abuse
PubMed: 38263083
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-02903-9 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2024Considering that reports of violence against women must come after a victim seeks help, the subject matter transcends health-related issues. In Brazil, mobile urgency...
Considering that reports of violence against women must come after a victim seeks help, the subject matter transcends health-related issues. In Brazil, mobile urgency services (SAMU/SIATE) frequently provide first aid to these women and, to the best of our knowledge, no other research has specifically examined the first reaction given to these women. The present study aimed to analyze SAMU/SIATE assistance to abused women in a cross-sectional study of the assistance to assaulted women provided by SIATE and SAMU Maringá/Norte Novo between 2011 and 2020. Women between 20 and 39 years old, non-pregnant, were the main victims, and 19.52% of them have used drugs of some kind. The (ex) partner figured as the perpetrator in 17.35%, but there was no information about this variable in 73.75% of the records. The Chi-square test shows a mortality rate superior to 70% among the severely traumatized victims. This is the first research work to examine the kind of care that SAMU/SIATE offers, and it identifies several weaknesses in its "" that may prevent the results from being applied to larger contexts. In addition, further studies on mobile urgent care services in other provinces are required in order to suggest ways to lessen this epidemic.
Topics: Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Spouse Abuse; Violence; Battered Women; Brazil
PubMed: 38248550
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010087 -
BMJ Open Nov 2023This study was designed to identify the patterns, prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) against female adolescents and its association with...
Patterns, prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence and its association with mental health status during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study on early married female adolescents in Khulna district, Bangladesh.
OBJECTIVES
This study was designed to identify the patterns, prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) against female adolescents and its association with mental health problems.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional survey.
SETTINGS
Dumuria (subdistrict) under the Khulna district of Bangladesh.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 304 participants were selected purposively based on some specifications: they must be female adolescents, residents of Dumuria and married during the COVID-19 pandemic when under 18 years of age.
OUTCOME MEASURES
By administering a semi-structured interview schedule, data were collected regarding IPV using 12 five-point Likert scale items; a higher score from the summation reflects frequent violence.
RESULTS
The findings suggest that the prevalence of physical, sexual and emotional IPV among the 304 participants, who had an average age of 17.1 years (SD=1.42), was 89.5%, 87.8% and 93.7%, respectively, whereas 12.2% of the participants experienced severe physical IPV, 9.9% experienced severe sexual IPV and 10.5% experienced severe emotional IPV. Stepwise regression models identified age at marriage (p=0.001), number of miscarriages (p=0.005), education of spouse (p=0.001), income of spouse (p=0.016), age gap between spouses (p=0.008), marital adjustment (p<0.001) and subjective happiness (p<0.001) as significant risk factors. Hierarchical regression, however, indicated that age at marriage (p<0.001), age gap between spouses (p<0.001), marital adjustment (p<0.001) and subjective happiness (p<0.001) had negative associations with IPV, while the number of miscarriages (p<0.001) had a positive relationship. Pearson's correlation showed that IPV was significantly associated with depression, anxiety and stress.
CONCLUSION
During the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in IPV and mental health problems among early married adolescents was documented. To reduce physical and mental harm and to assure their well-being, preventive and rehabilitative measures should be devised.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Adolescent; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Spouse Abuse; Marriage; Prevalence; Bangladesh; Abortion, Spontaneous; Pandemics; COVID-19; Intimate Partner Violence; Risk Factors; Health Status
PubMed: 37977869
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072279