-
American Family Physician Oct 2016Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent worldwide health problem, affecting women more commonly than men. IPV is underreported and underrecognized by health care...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent worldwide health problem, affecting women more commonly than men. IPV is underreported and underrecognized by health care professionals. Even when IPV is recognized, it remains an underaddressed issue. In addition to physical injury and death, IPV causes significant physical and psychiatric health problems commonly treated by family physicians. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening all female patients of childbearing age for IPV. There are several brief screening tools that have been proven effective at detecting IPV and that can be used in the office setting. Identification of IPV allows the physician to provide better care and improves health outcomes for the survivor. Family physician offices should provide patients with local and national resources. Thorough documentation of injuries sustained from abuse is critical. Although caring for patients unready to leave an abusive relationship may be challenging for the physician, continuous, supportive care improves patient outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Competence; Family Practice; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Mass Screening; Physician's Role; Prevalence; Spouse Abuse
PubMed: 27929227
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the National Medical... Apr 1979Spouse abuse is being discussed and agonized over more frequently than in past years. Although interpousal and intrafamilial violence have been behaviors of note and...
Spouse abuse is being discussed and agonized over more frequently than in past years. Although interpousal and intrafamilial violence have been behaviors of note and considerable consequence, they have been attributable, almost exclusively, to the lower socioeconomic classes. Many hypotheses have been proposed concerning the etiology of violence. The author discusses some of the more general sociopolitical theories of violence and proposes three areas of significant moment to behaviorists.
Topics: Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Socioeconomic Factors; Spouse Abuse
PubMed: 439165
DOI: No ID Found -
American Family Physician May 2011Intimate partner violence is a common source of physical, psychological, and emotional morbidity. In the United States, approximately 1.5 million women and 834,700 men...
Intimate partner violence is a common source of physical, psychological, and emotional morbidity. In the United States, approximately 1.5 million women and 834,700 men annually are raped and/or physically assaulted by an intimate partner. Women are more likely than men to be injured, sexually assaulted, or murdered by an intimate partner. Studies suggest that one in four women is at lifetime risk. Physicians can use therapeutic relationships with patients to identify intimate partner violence, make brief office interventions, offer continuity of care, and refer them for subspecialty and community-based evaluation, treatment, and advocacy. Primary care physicians are ideally positioned to work from a preventive framework and address at-risk behaviors. Strategies for identifying intimate partner violence include asking relevant questions in patient histories, screening during periodic health examinations, and case finding in patients with suggestive signs or symptoms. Discussion needs to occur confidentially. Physicians should be aware of increased child abuse risk and negative effects on children's health observed in families with intimate partner violence. Physicians also should be familiar with local and national resources available to these patients.
Topics: Battered Women; Family Practice; Female; Government Agencies; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Mandatory Reporting; Organizations; Patient Education as Topic; Physician's Role; Physicians, Family; Physicians, Primary Care; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Safety; Sexual Partners; Spouse Abuse; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States
PubMed: 21568249
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health May 2016Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious concern for women that is associated with significant adverse health effects. Routine screening for IPV is recommended, but... (Review)
Review
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious concern for women that is associated with significant adverse health effects. Routine screening for IPV is recommended, but there are many barriers to screening that have been identified by providers, including discomfort, lack of training, and not knowing how to respond to a positive screen. This article reviews IPV screening and appropriate techniques for responding to a positive screen. IPV screening best practices include using a systematic protocol, developing a screening script, using a validated screening tool, and considerations for privacy and mandatory reporting. Responding to a positive screen should include acknowledging the experience, asking if the woman desires help, offering support and referrals, encouraging safety planning, and completing additional assessments to determine level of danger and to identify any comorbidities. Using these techniques along with therapeutic communication may increase IPV identification and create an environment in which women feel empowered to get help.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mandatory Reporting; Mass Screening; Spouse Abuse; United States
PubMed: 26990666
DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.12443 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... May 2022Spousal violence against women is endemic and owes its genesis to deeply entrenched socio-cultural norms. In this study 2015 Demographic and Health Survey data for...
Spousal violence against women is endemic and owes its genesis to deeply entrenched socio-cultural norms. In this study 2015 Demographic and Health Survey data for Afghanistan was used to calculate the provincial prevalence and two correlates of spousal violence, and their bivariate mapping. Large differences were present in the provincial prevalence of spousal violence, having witnessed their father ever beat their mother, and acceptance of spousal violence by the currently or ever married women aged 15-49 years. In general, bivariate maps showed strong associations between spousal violence against women, its acceptance by women, and having witnessed their father beat their mother by ever married women. In an easily comprehensible manner, these maps underscore ensuring better quality of life in marital settings, higher and more equal social stature of women, and protecting their basic human rights would entail legal, social, and cultural paradigm shift.
Topics: Afghanistan; Female; Humans; Marriage; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Risk Factors; Spouse Abuse; Violence
PubMed: 35713065
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.22-62 -
Child Abuse & Neglect Apr 2014This paper describes the extent to which abused and neglected children report intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration when followed up into middle...
This paper describes the extent to which abused and neglected children report intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration when followed up into middle adulthood. Using data from a prospective cohort design study, children (ages 0-11) with documented histories of physical and sexual abuse and/or neglect (n=497) were matched with children without such histories (n=395) and assessed in adulthood (Mage=39.5). Prevalence, number, and variety of four types of IPV (psychological abuse, physical violence, sexual violence, and injury) were measured. Over 80% of both groups - childhood abuse and neglect (CAN) and controls - reported some form of IPV victimization during the past year (most commonly psychological abuse) and about 75% of both groups reported perpetration of IPV toward their partner. Controlling for age, sex, and race, overall CAN [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.60, 95% CI [1.03, 2.49]], physical abuse (AOR=2.52, 95% CI [1.17, 5.40]), and neglect (AOR=1.64, 95% CI [1.04, 2.59]) predicted increased risk for being victimized by a partner via physical injury. CAN and neglect also predicted being victimized by a greater number and variety of IPV acts. CAN and control groups did not differ in reports of perpetration of IPV, although neglect predicted greater likelihood of perpetrating physical injury to a partner, compared to controls. Abused/neglected females were more likely to report being injured by their partner, whereas maltreated males did not. This study found that child maltreatment increases risk for the most serious form of IPV involving physical injury. Increased attention should be paid to IPV (victimization and perpetration) in individuals with histories of neglect.
Topics: Child; Child Abuse; Child, Preschool; Crime Victims; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Self Report; Sex Factors; Spouse Abuse; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 24325940
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.11.004 -
Family Process Sep 2016Alcohol Behavioral Couple Therapy (ABCT) has emerged over the last 30 years as a highly efficacious treatment for those with alcohol use disorders. This review... (Review)
Review
Alcohol Behavioral Couple Therapy (ABCT) has emerged over the last 30 years as a highly efficacious treatment for those with alcohol use disorders. This review highlights the historical and conceptual underpinnings of ABCT, as well as the specific treatment elements and structure. Proposed active ingredients, moderators, and mediators of treatment outcome are discussed. Efficacy is evaluated for reductions in identified patient drinking, improved relationship functioning, and reductions in intimate partner violence. Adaptations of ABCT for substances other than alcohol are described. Other adaptations, including brief interventions, interventions addressing PTSD and TBI along with alcohol use, and interventions deliverable via technology platforms are described. Additional cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness findings supporting the economic value of ABCT are noted. Future directions for research in this area include possible adaptations for female identified patients, nontraditional couples, LGBT partners and dyads involving nonintimate partner relationships. The development of more flexible models and enhanced dissemination strategies may improve clinical uptake and utility as well as increasing the feasibility of this treatment for integrated healthcare settings.
Topics: Alcohol-Related Disorders; Behavior Therapy; Couples Therapy; Family Characteristics; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Spouse Abuse; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27369809
DOI: 10.1111/famp.12231 -
International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2018The aim of this study was to assess the association between lifetime spousal violence victimization, spousal violence perpetration, and physical health outcomes and...
The aim of this study was to assess the association between lifetime spousal violence victimization, spousal violence perpetration, and physical health outcomes and behaviours among women in India. In the 2015⁻2016 National Family Health Survey, a sample of ever-married women (15⁻49 years) ( = 66,013) were interviewed about spousal violence. Results indicate that 29.9% of women reported lifetime spousal physical violence victimization and 7.1% lifetime spousal sexual violence victimization (31.1% physical and/or sexual violence victimization), and 3.5% lifetime spousal physical violence perpetration. Lifetime spousal violence victimization and lifetime spousal violence perpetration were significantly positively correlated with asthma, genital discharge, genital sores or ulcers, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), tobacco use, alcohol use, and termination of pregnancy, and negatively associated with daily consumption of dark vegetables. In addition, lifetime spousal violence victimization was positively associated with being underweight, high random blood glucose levels, and anaemia, and negatively correlated with being overweight or obese. Lifetime spousal violence perpetration was marginally significantly associated with hypertension. The study found in a national sample of women in India a decrease of lifetime physical and/or sexual spousal violence victimization and an increase of lifetime spousal physical violence perpetration from 2005/5 to 2015/6. The results support other studies that found that, among women, lifetime spousal physical and/or sexual spousal violence victimization and lifetime spousal physical violence perpetration increase the odds of chronic conditions, physical illnesses, and health risk behaviours.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia; Asthma; Chronic Disease; Crime Victims; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Risk Behaviors; Health Surveys; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hypertension; India; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Spouse Abuse; Thinness; Young Adult
PubMed: 30518101
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122737 -
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention,... Aug 2006Given the increased use of marital- and family-based treatments as part of treatment for alcoholism and other drug disorders, providers are increasingly faced with the... (Review)
Review
Given the increased use of marital- and family-based treatments as part of treatment for alcoholism and other drug disorders, providers are increasingly faced with the challenge of addressing intimate partner violence among their patients and their intimate partners. Yet, effective options for clinicians who confront this issue are extremely limited. While the typical response of providers is to refer these cases to some form of batterers' treatment, three fundamental concerns make this strategy problematic: (1) most of the agencies that provide batterers' treatment only accept individuals who are legally mandated to complete their programs; (2) among programs that do accept nonmandated patients, most substance-abusing patients do not accept such referrals or drop out early in the treatment process; and (3) available evidence suggests these programs may not be effective in reducing intimate partner violence. Given these very significant concerns with the current referral approach, coupled with the high incidence of IPV among individuals entering substance abuse treatment, providers need to develop strategies for addressing IPV that can be incorporated and integrated into their base intervention packages.
Topics: Comorbidity; Couples Therapy; Female; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Male; Marital Therapy; Models, Psychological; Referral and Consultation; Sexual Partners; Spouse Abuse; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; Substance-Related Disorders; Terminology as Topic; Violence
PubMed: 16925813
DOI: 10.1186/1747-597X-1-24 -
Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki 2019Domestic abuse is prevalent in all strata of society and has been associated with various mental health problems. However, the severity of abuse in women with mental...
Domestic abuse is prevalent in all strata of society and has been associated with various mental health problems. However, the severity of abuse in women with mental illness has not been studied much. The amount of distress experienced often depends on the severity of domestic abuse. Ability to tolerate distress may buffer the effect of abuse-this determines the perceived level of abuse. Both the severity of abuse and distress tolerance may in turn determine adherence behaviour towards treatment in mentally ill women. There is a paucity of research examining these variables. Hence this study was undertaken to examine the severity of abuse and distress tolerance and their relationship with medication adherence in women with mental illness. This study took place on an outpatient basis in the department of psychiatry at a tertiary care centre in South India. One hundred women with a mental illness currently in remission for at least two months -living in the community with family members after an episode of mental illness- were consecutively recruited by purposive sampling method after obtaining an informed consent. Due to issues related to reliability, patients with a diagnosis of mental retardation or dementia or psychotic symptoms were not included. All participants were initially assessed using socio-demographic and clinical forms. The severity of abuse was assessed with Composite Abuse Scale (CAS) and the level of distress tolerance was evaluated with Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Medication adherence status was assessed with the commonly used Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). There was a high level of abuse (mean 20.33, SD=20.55) and distress tolerance (mean 26.80, SD=12.07) in this sample as compared to those in general population. Scores in domestic abuse had a significant positive association with Tolerance (p=0.001) and Absorption (p=0.014) subscales of distress tolerance. Scores in domestic abuse had no statistically significant association with level of medication adherence. With the findings of this study, it can be concluded that women with mental illness face considerable level of domestic abuse and they have a higher capacity to tolerate distress. Severity of domestic abuse is inversely associated with their perceived ability to tolerate emotional distress; and positively associated with the level of attention being absorbed by negative emotions. The study was constrained by its cross-sectional design and small sample size, and further replication of data is needed with bigger sample size and control group.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Family Conflict; Female; Humans; India; Medication Adherence; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Socioeconomic Factors; Spouse Abuse; Stress, Psychological; Young Adult
PubMed: 31115352
DOI: 10.22365/jpsych.2019.301.32