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Frontiers in Psychology 2022The study aimed to determine how a teacher's competency at the university level related to professional commitment and job satisfaction. This systematic review intends...
The study aimed to determine how a teacher's competency at the university level related to professional commitment and job satisfaction. This systematic review intends to determine physical education teachers' competency and job satisfaction. One of the main objectives of physical education programs is to increase various activities of the student, especially physical activities and participation in it. Students who participate in physical activities feel a variety of emotions, and these may enhance their mental and physical well-being. The study concerns the teachers' satisfaction in effectively influencing and teaching the students. Job satisfaction refers to teachers' feelings and positive attitudes toward their work. The five components of job satisfaction are pay, promotion, supervision, co-workers, and work itself. Job satisfaction is broken down into these five components. Work as a teacher is one of the most important components of a teacher's or teacher's success at work and one of the key criteria for the school's achievement. Electronic libraries were explored, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, Bing Academic, and Cochrane. Appropriate keywords were used for searching the literature. By applying certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final studies were selected for evaluation. The study's findings showed that physical education instructors had high levels of teaching competence and moderate levels of job satisfaction. The findings demonstrated that job satisfaction and competency rise when degree levels rise, and relatedness, skill, and autonomy self-motivation ensue. Students' motivation for physical education was greatly influenced by the teachers' support, motivation, and mastery climate. The self-determination theory positively enhances physical education from the teacher's perspective on PE, increasing instruction effectiveness.
PubMed: 36605263
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1084961 -
Gut Microbes 2021Several studies reported a potential role of methane producing archaea in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Several studies reported a potential role of methane producing archaea in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of methane positive small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in IBS and IBD compared with controls. MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase electronic databases were searched from inception until March 2021 for case-control and prevalence studies reporting SIBO in IBS and IBD. We extracted data from published studies and calculated pooled prevalence of SIBO in IBS or IBD, odds ratios (OR), and 95% CIs, utilizing a random effects model. The final dataset included 17 independent studies assessing the prevalence of methane positive SIBO in 1,653 IBS-patients and 713 controls, and 7 studies assessing the prevalence of methane positive SIBO in 626 IBD-patients and 497 controls, all utilizing breath test for SIBO diagnosis. Prevalence of methane positive SIBO in IBS and IBD was 25.0% (95% CI 18.8-32.4) and 5.6% (95% CI 2.6-11.8), respectively. Methane positive SIBO in IBS was not increased compared to controls (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.7, = .37) but was significantly more prevalent in IBS-C as compared to IBS-D (OR = 3.1, 95% CI 1.7-5.6, = .0001). The prevalence of methane-positive SIBO in patients with IBD was 3-fold lower at 7.4% (95% CI 5.4-9.8) compared to 23.5% (95% CI 19.8-27.5) in controls. The prevalence of methane positive SIBO was significantly lower in Crohn's disease as compared to ulcerative colitis, (5.3%, 95% CI 3.0-8.5 vs. 20.2%, 95% CI 12.8-29.4). This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests methane positivity on breath testing is positively associated with IBS-C and inversely with IBD. However, the quality of evidence is low largely due to clinical heterogeneity of the studies. Thus, causality is uncertain and further studies are required.
Topics: Bacteria; Breath Tests; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestine, Small; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Methane
PubMed: 34190027
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1933313 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal... (Review)
Review
Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) show similar vascular patterns that may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This review aims to deepen this NBI limit in order to stress a careful preoperative evaluation of laryngeal lesions. The research was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases using specific keywords. The topic of research was assessed by these parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. This review included only five articles: they demonstrated that NBI is better than white-light endoscopy in detecting LSCC and LP. They also reported that LP is frequently mistaken for LSCC, resulting in high rates of false positives using NBI. This is the first review that emphasized this NBI limitation in distinguishing between LP and LSCC in cases of a type V pattern of intraepithelial papillary capillary loop. Although NBI application increased the rate of early cancer detection, LP reduces NBI accuracy. This drawback may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. Our advice is to be careful in cases of type V pattern on NBI and to research LP epithelial and clinical features because it could be a pitfall.
Topics: Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngoscopy; Narrow Band Imaging; Papilloma; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 35886569
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148716 -
Bioscience Reports Jun 2017To systematically and quantitatively review the relation of abdominal obesity, as measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR), to total... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To systematically and quantitatively review the relation of abdominal obesity, as measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR), to total gastroesophageal cancer, gastric cancer (GC), and esophageal cancer. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for studies assessing the association between abdominal obesity and gastroesophageal cancer (GC and/or esophageal cancer) up to August 2016. A random-effect model was used to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven prospective cohort studies - one publication included two separate cohorts - from six publications were included in the final analysis. A total of 2130 gastroesophageal cancer cases diagnosed amongst 913182 participants. Higher WC and WHR were significantly associated with increased risk of total gastroesophageal cancer (WC: RR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.38, 2.04; WHR: RR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.88), GC (WC: RR 1.48, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.78; WHR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.70), and esophageal cancer (WC: RR 2.06, 95% CI: 1.30, 3.24; WHR: RR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.75).Findings from our subgroup analyses showed non-significant positive associations between gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and both measures of abdominal adiposity, while gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) was positively associated with WC but not with WHR. On analysis restricted to studies that adjusted for body mass index (BMI), WC was positively associated with GC and esophageal cancer, whereas WHR was positively associated with risk of GC only. Although limited, the findings from our meta-analysis suggest the potential role of abdominal obesity in the etiology of gastric and esophageal cancers.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagogastric Junction; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity, Abdominal; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Stomach Neoplasms; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 28336766
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20160474 -
JNCI Cancer Spectrum Jan 2024Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death globally. Recent clinical trials suggest an emerging role for HER2 as a potential clinically... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death globally. Recent clinical trials suggest an emerging role for HER2 as a potential clinically relevant biomarker in CRC. Testing for HER2 in CRC is not standard practice; consequently, the prevalence of HER2 positivity (HER2+) in patients with CRC remains uncertain.
METHODS
A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted to generate estimates of proportions of patients with CRC with HER2 overexpression or HER2 amplification and HER2+ (either overexpression or amplification), overall and in patients with rat sarcoma virus (RAS) wild-type cancer. HER2+ was defined as 1) immunohistochemistry with a score of 3+, 2) immunohistochemistry with a score of 2+ and in situ hybridization+, or 3) next-generation sequencing positive.
RESULTS
Of 224 studies identified with information on HER2 in CRC, 52 studies used a US Food and Drug Administration-approved assay and were selected for further analysis. Estimated HER2+ rate was 4.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.4% to 5.0%) overall (n = 17 589). HER2+ rates were statistically higher in RAS wild-type (6.1%, 95% CI = 5.4% to 6.9%) vs RAS mutant CRC (1.1%, 95% CI = 0.3% to 4.4%; P < .0001). Despite limited clinical information, we confirmed enrichment of HER2+ CRC in patients with microsatellite stable and left-sided CRC.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis provides an estimate of HER2+ CRC and confirms enrichment of HER2 in microsatellite stable, left-sided, RAS wild-type CRC tumors. Our work is important given the recently described clinical efficacy of HER2-targeted therapies in HER2+ CRC and informs strategies for incorporation of HER2 testing into standard of care.
Topics: United States; Humans; Receptor, ErbB-2; Biomarkers, Tumor; Treatment Outcome; Immunohistochemistry; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37815820
DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkad082 -
Cancers May 2023The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. Many guidelines recommend initiating screening at 45 years. This study investigated the detection... (Review)
Review
Performance of the Fecal Immunochemical Test in Detecting Advanced Colorectal Neoplasms and Colorectal Cancers in People Aged 40-49 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. Many guidelines recommend initiating screening at 45 years. This study investigated the detection rate of advanced colorectal neoplasm (ACRN) by using fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) in individuals aged 40-49 years.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to May 2022. The primary outcomes were the detection rates and positive predictive values of FITs for ACRN and CRC in people aged 40-49 (younger age group) and ≥50 years (average risk group).
RESULTS
Ten studies with 664,159 FITs were included. The FIT positivity rate was 4.9% and 7.3% for the younger age and average risk groups, respectively. Younger individuals with positive FIT results had significantly higher risks of ACRN (odds ratio [OR] 2.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79-3.73) or CRC (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.59-5.13) than did individuals in the average-risk group, regardless of FIT results. Individuals aged 45-49 years with positive FIT results had a similar risk of ACRN (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.49-1.29) to that of people aged 50-59 years with positive FIT results, although significant heterogeneity was observed. The positive predictive values of the FIT were 10-28.1% for ACRN and 2.7-6.8% for CRC in the younger age group.
CONCLUSION
The detection rate of ACRN and CRC based on FITs in individuals aged 40-49 years is acceptable, and the yield of ACRN might be similar between individuals aged 45-49 and 50-59 years. Further prospective cohort and cost-effective analysis are warranted.
PubMed: 37296969
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113006 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... 2003Previous reports have shown that ion content in the air may have an effect on respiratory function. Results from studies which test the efficacy of air ionisers to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Previous reports have shown that ion content in the air may have an effect on respiratory function. Results from studies which test the efficacy of air ionisers to reduce asthma symptoms are often inconclusive and their use as a treatment for asthma remains debatable.
OBJECTIVES
We conducted a systematic review of the available evidence to determine the effectiveness of positive and negative ion generators in people with asthma.
SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Asthma trials register (January 1966 to March 2003), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library issue 2, 2003) as well as The Alternative Medicine Database AMED (1985 to March 2003).
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials (parallel or crossover design studies) comparing ionisers with dummy ionisers (being negative or positive ion emitters), in children or adults with chronic asthma.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two reviewers independently assessed titles and abstracts of studies and assessed trial quality. Study quality was determined using two methods:The Cochrane approach to allocation concealment and the five point Jadad scale.
MAIN RESULTS
Six studies were selected for inclusion (106 participants). No results were combined as the studies were all of a crossover design. EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE ION GENERATORS (five studies)No study reported a significant difference in lung function between ionised and control air (morning Peak expiratory flow (PEF) - three studies; forced expiratory flow in one second (FEV1) - one study). There were no significant differences in symptoms or beta-2 agonist usage between ionised and control air in three studies. EFFECTS OF POSITIVE ION GENERATORS (one study)This study demonstrated that although positively ionised air was associated with a larger fall in FEV1 with exercise, this did not reach statistical significance. Baseline FEV1 was not demonstrated to be significantly different between treatment groups.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS
Based on the evidence currently available from randomised controlled trials, a recommendation cannot be given for the use of room air ionisers to reduce symptoms in patients with chronic asthma.
Topics: Adult; Air Ionization; Anions; Asthma; Cations; Child; Humans; Ions; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 12917939
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002986 -
European Journal of Endocrinology Aug 2023Postpartum depression (PPD) has a major impact on maternal and offspring well-being, with multiple possible risk factors: Studies on the association of thyroid... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Association of gestational thyroid function and thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity with postpartum depression: a prospective cohort study and systematic literature review with meta-analysis.
IMPORTANCE
Postpartum depression (PPD) has a major impact on maternal and offspring well-being, with multiple possible risk factors: Studies on the association of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and thyroid function with PPD provide heterogeneous results.
OBJECTIVE
To study the association of thyroid function and TPOAb positivity with PPD.
DESIGN
We assessed the association of TPOAb and thyroid function with PPD in a population-based prospective cohort study and performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We measured thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and TPOAb between 9- and 17-week gestation. Postpartum depression was assessed with Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale at 2-month postpartum and Brief Symptom Inventory at 2-, 6-, and 36-month postpartum. Additionally, we performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessing this association.
RESULTS
In the present study, there was no association of thyroid function with PPD (TSH: odds ratio [OR] 0.83, 95% CI 0.58-1.19, P = .32; FT4: OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.95-1.05, P = .86) or TPOAb positivity with PPD (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.47-1.33, P = .37). An impaired thyroidal response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a surrogate marker for TPOAb positivity, was associated with a lower risk of PPD (P for interaction TSH = 0.04; FT4 = 0.06). Our systematic review and meta-analysis included 3 articles that were combined with the present study. There was no statistically significant association of TPOAb positivity with PPD (OR 1.93, 95% CI 0.91-4.10, P = .08), but the results were heterogeneous (I2 = 79%).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
There was no significant association of TPOAb positivity, TSH, or FT4 with PPD. Our systematic review and meta-analysis revealed high heterogeneity of the current literature. Although TPOAb-positive women should be monitored for postpartum thyroiditis, our findings do not support routinely screening for PPD.
Topics: Female; Humans; Thyroid Gland; Iodide Peroxidase; Prospective Studies; Depression, Postpartum; Autoantibodies; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine
PubMed: 37486224
DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad092 -
Annals of Medicine and Surgery (2012) Jul 2022Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor and occurs rarely in males. This study aimed to review all the cases of AAM in men in the English literature up... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Aggressive angiomyxoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor and occurs rarely in males. This study aimed to review all the cases of AAM in men in the English literature up to September 2020 and investigate the clinical, histochemical, and radiological characteristics of AAM and discuss the best treatment choices according to available data.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase databases up to September 2020 was performed looking for reported cases of male patients with AAM. The search excluded articles in languages other than English, reported female cases, and superficial angiomyxoma cases.
RESULTS
Among the 97 patients, the mean age was 48.2 years with an incidence peak between 40 and 60 years. The sites commonly involved were the scrotum (42.3%). On ultrasound, the tumor was hypoechoic (85.7%) with a well-defined margin (100%), whereas on MRI, most cases were isointense on T1-weighted images (53.8%), and hyperintense on T2-weighted images (85.7%). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor tended to be positive for vimentin (100%), CD34 (63.4%), ER (50%), and PR (53.3%) while S-100 showed 91% negativity. Wide and complete surgical excision was conducted in most cases (72%), and follow-up duration ranged from 1 month to 144 months with a recurrence rate of 11.8%.
CONCLUSION
Although the occurrence of AAM is rare in men, consideration should be taken in the differential diagnosis of a mass in the genitourinary region. According to our review, the most decisive immunohistochemistry profile is the positivity of Vimentin and CD34 with the negativity of S-100. Although hormonal treatment is controversial, we suggest a novel algorithm for the management of aggressive angiomyxoma.
PubMed: 35860056
DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103880 -
Oncology Letters Sep 2023Although the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor combined with chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone has...
Efficacy and safety of PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric or gastro‑esophageal junction cancer: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.
Although the efficacy and safety of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor combined with chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone has been analyzed, there have been no in-depth studies on the outcomes of patients with PD-L1 positive advanced gastric or gastro-esophageal junction cancer patients (GC/GEJC). This systematic review and meta-analysis focused on comparing the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors vs. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy in PD-L1 positive advanced GC/GEJC patients, aiming to provide more precise guidance for the clinical treatment of GC/GEJC. In this meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from the establishment of the database till June 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which control patients underwent chemotherapy and experimental group patients underwent PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors or PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy were included in this investigation. Investigations without complete information, studies from which information could not be extracted, duplicate articles, animal studies, review articles, and systematic reviews were excluded. The pooled results suggested that chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced GC/GEJC, while progression free-survival (PFS) with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination with chemotherapy were all improved compared with chemotherapy alone. However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors did not significantly increase objective response rates (ORR) in PD-L1-positive patients compared with chemotherapy, but in combination with chemotherapy, they did improve ORR. The pooled results also showed that patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors had higher stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) rates compared to chemotherapy in PD-L1-positive patients. Additionally, in PD-L1-positive patients, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or combined with chemotherapy increased OS compared with chemotherapy alone. However, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors only prolonged PFS compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with a combined positive score (CPS; 100% of cells were required to be positively stained) for PD-L1, but when combined with chemotherapy, OS and PFS were prolonged in all PD-L1-positive patients compared with chemotherapy alone. Finally, the pooled results showed that the incidence of adverse events of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in PD-L1-zpositive patients was significantly lower than that in patients treated with chemotherapy alone. In conclusion, single agent of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor alone or combined with chemotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of patients compared with chemotherapy alone, with fewer adverse effects. However, the degree of CPS may affect efficacy, thus further investigation is required.
PubMed: 37564826
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13960