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Ceska a Slovenska Oftalmologie :... 2020The aim of the work is to approach the examination of the pupil with a focus on anisocoria, its characteristics and approach to the diagnosis of pupillotonia and...
The aim of the work is to approach the examination of the pupil with a focus on anisocoria, its characteristics and approach to the diagnosis of pupillotonia and Adie's syndrome and its clinical evaluation. Pupil function is important not only in neurophthalmological examination but also in general ophthalmological examination. First of all, we need to know how the reflex arc works in order to be able to exclude or confirm whether the parasympathetic or sympathetic is affected. It is also necessary to know the exact characteristics of the pupil, such as size, shape, placement, function and reaction to light and at close range. Only on this basis can we distinguish pathological features. We do not often encounter this diagnosis, but it is necessary to keep it in mind, especially in the field of neurophthalmology but also in general ophthalmology. We also present three cases of pupilotonia and Adie's syndrome, which we diagnosed at the Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, after the patient himself came by emergency admission or was sent directly to ophthalmology clinic. In the discussion, we present various other diagnoses, where the reflex arc may not be affected, but the pathological pupil is caused by intraocular tumors, general systemic diseases and, last but not least, local therapy or alkaloids.
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Anisocoria; Humans; Pupil; Tonic Pupil
PubMed: 33499645
DOI: 10.31348/2020/33 -
British Medical Journal May 1969
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Guanethidine; Humans
PubMed: 5781499
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5654.450 -
Bristol Medico-chirurgical Journal... Apr 1975
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Female; Humans; Male; Moxisylyte; Sex Factors
PubMed: 130187
DOI: No ID Found -
Medical Science Monitor : International... Mar 2022Adie's pupil, also called tonic pupil, is mainly seen in young women. Most patients have unilateral eye involvement. The pupil of the affected side is significantly... (Review)
Review
Adie's pupil, also called tonic pupil, is mainly seen in young women. Most patients have unilateral eye involvement. The pupil of the affected side is significantly larger than that on the healthy side. The direct and indirect light reflection from the pupil on the affected side disappears. The pupil on the affected side is sensitive to low concentrations of pilocarpine. The pathogeneses of Adie's pupil are complex, some of which are insidious and lack corresponding specific diseases. Through a literature review, we found that Adie's pupil is mainly associated with infectious diseases, most commonly syphilis, followed by immune diseases and paraneoplastic syndromes. The ophthalmological symptoms and pupil abnormalities can disappear after active treatment of the primary disease. Pilocarpine can be used to treat ophthalmologic symptoms, such as blurred vision, for which patients might visit an ophthalmologist or neurologist. It is essential for clinicians to improve their understanding of the disease to avoid misdiagnosis. Differential diagnosis between Adie's pupil, oculomotor nerve palsy, anticholinergic drug overdose, Argyll-Robertson pupil, and congenital mydriasis need to be identified by the physician. Here, the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, relationship between Adie's pupil and diseases, and differential diagnosis of Adie's pupil are reviewed.
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Physicians; Pupil; Tonic Pupil
PubMed: 35304432
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.934657 -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Dec 1980
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Humans; Reflex, Abnormal
PubMed: 7217964
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.43.12.1147-a -
British Medical Journal Feb 1969
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Muscle Contraction; Paralysis; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Pupil; Reflex, Stretch
PubMed: 5762637
DOI: No ID Found -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2016Ross syndrome is a rare disease characterized by peripheral nervous system dysautonomia with selective degeneration of cholinergic fibers. It is composed by the triad of...
Ross syndrome is a rare disease characterized by peripheral nervous system dysautonomia with selective degeneration of cholinergic fibers. It is composed by the triad of unilateral or bilateral segmental anhidrosis, deep hyporeflexia and Holmes-Adie's tonic pupil. The presence of compensatory sweating is frequent, usually the symptom that most afflicts patients. The aspects of the syndrome are put to discussion due to the case of a male patient, caucasian, 47 years old, with clinical onset of 25 years.
Topics: Cholinergic Fibers; Humans; Hyperhidrosis; Hypohidrosis; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Degeneration; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Primary Dysautonomias; Syndrome
PubMed: 26982793
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20163918 -
Journal of the Royal College of... Oct 1974
Topics: Adie Syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aneurysm; Blepharoptosis; Diabetic Neuropathies; Edema; Exophthalmos; Eye Movements; Female; Fundus Oculi; Hemianopsia; Horner Syndrome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmoplegia; Optic Atrophy; Optic Neuritis; Scotoma; Sex Factors; Visual Field Tests; Visual Fields
PubMed: 4414794
DOI: No ID Found