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Journal of Biomedical Physics &... Feb 2024The selection of abrasive material and parameters of the Air-Abrasion device for a particular application is a crucial detail. However, there are no standard...
The selection of abrasive material and parameters of the Air-Abrasion device for a particular application is a crucial detail. However, there are no standard recommendations or manuals for choosing these details; the operator must depend on his experience and knowledge of the procedure to select the best possible material and set of parameters. This short review attempts to identify some of the effects that the selection of material and parameters could have on the performance of the Air-Abrasion procedure for a particular application. The material and parameter data are collected from various studies and categorized according to the most popular materials in use right now. These studies are then analyzed to arrive at some inferences on the performance of Air-Abrasion materials and parameters. This review arrives at a few conclusions on the effectiveness of a material and parameter set, and that there is potential for developments in the area of standardizing parameter selection; also, there is scope for further studies on Bio-Active Glass as an alternative to the materials currently used in Air-Abrasion.
PubMed: 38357598
DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2310-1670 -
Acta Biomaterialia Odontologica... Dec 2015: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Knoop hardness number (KHN) of methacrylate (MC) and silorane (SC) composites after being submitted to erosion and abrasion...
: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Knoop hardness number (KHN) of methacrylate (MC) and silorane (SC) composites after being submitted to erosion and abrasion processes. : Forty samples were made with each composite: MC and SC. The samples were divided into eight groups ( = 10) according to the type of composite (G1-G4, MC; G5-G8, SC) and the beverages involved in the erosion process (G1 and G5 - Control (C), without erosion, with abrasion; G2 and G6 - Orange Juice (OJ), abrasion; G3 and G7 - Smirnoff Ice® (SI), abrasion; G4 and G8 - Gatorade® (GA), abrasion). The KHN test was performed 24 h after the last cycle of erosion/abrasion. : The MC groups showed smaller KHN values for the SI group ( < 0.05) when compared to the Control and OJ groups; however, for the SC groups, no differences were found ( > 0.05). : Methacrylate composite when submitted to acidic beverages erosive challenge combined with abrasive process might alter its surface microhardness. However, the beverages used in the present study were not able to interfere in silorane composite surface microhardness.
PubMed: 28642903
DOI: 10.3109/23337931.2015.1084884 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2014Dental erosion is the loss of dental hard tissues caused by non-bacterial acids. Due to acid contact, the tooth surface becomes softened and more prone to abrasion from... (Review)
Review
Dental erosion is the loss of dental hard tissues caused by non-bacterial acids. Due to acid contact, the tooth surface becomes softened and more prone to abrasion from toothbrushing. Dentifrices containing different active agents may be helpful in allowing rehardening or in increasing surface resistance to further acidic or mechanical impacts. However, dentifrices are applied together with brushing and, depending on how and when toothbrushing is performed, as well as the type of dentifrice and toothbrush used, may increase wear. This review focuses on the potential harmful and helpful effects associated with the use of dentifrices with regard to erosive wear. While active ingredients like fluorides or agents with special anti-erosive properties were shown to offer some degree of protection against erosion and combined erosion/abrasion, the abrasive effects of dentifrices may increase the surface loss of eroded teeth. However, most evidence to date comes from in vitro and in situ studies, so clinical trials are necessary for a better understanding of the complex interaction of active ingredients and abrasives and their effects on erosive tooth wear.
Topics: Dentifrices; Humans; Tooth Erosion; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 24554098
DOI: 10.1590/S1806-83242013005000035 -
Minerva Anestesiologica May 2015Ocular complications reported after robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) include corneal abrasion and ischemic optic neuropathy. While corneal... (Review)
Review
Ocular complications reported after robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) include corneal abrasion and ischemic optic neuropathy. While corneal abrasions often resolve without permanent sequelae, scarring or infection can occasionally lead to vision loss and other adverse outcomes. The rare complication of ischemic optic neuropathy leads to permanent vision loss and is a devastating outcome of non-ocular surgery. Given the unique patient positioning of steep Trendelenburg during these operations, ocular complications may be more likely to occur secondary to physiologic changes that occur within the eye itself. A review of the pathophysiology and incidence of ocular complications specific to robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy as well as the potential preventative measures in the current literature is presented to further inform and guide perioperative patient care. In addition we address other potential ocular complications and the impact of patient's ocular history on choice of RALP as a surgical treatment modality.
Topics: Eye Diseases; Humans; Laparoscopy; Postoperative Complications; Prostatectomy; Robotics
PubMed: 24994499
DOI: No ID Found -
Brazilian Oral Research 2023Dental hard tissue conditions can be of pre- or post-eruptive nature, such as enamel fluorosis and erosive tooth wear (ETW), respectively. Dental enamel fluorosis is...
Dental hard tissue conditions can be of pre- or post-eruptive nature, such as enamel fluorosis and erosive tooth wear (ETW), respectively. Dental enamel fluorosis is caused by the chronic and excessive intake of fluoride during enamel development, leading to increased fluoride concentration and increased porosity. ETW has become a common clinical condition and often impairs dental function and aesthetics. This in vitro study tested the hypothesis that fluorotic enamel presents different susceptibility to dental erosion-abrasion. It consisted of a 3×3×2 factorial design, considering a) fluorosis severity: sound (TF0), mild (TF1-2), moderate (TF3-4); b) abrasive challenge: low, medium, and high; and c) erosive challenge: yes or no. A total of 144 human teeth were selected according to the three fluorosis severity levels (n=48), and subdivided into six groups (n = 8) generated by the association of the different erosive and abrasive challenges. Enamel blocks (4×4 mm) were prepared from each tooth and their natural enamel surfaces subjected to an erosion-abrasion cycling model. After cycling, the depth of the lesions in enamel was assessed by profilometry. ANOVA showed that the three-way and two-way interactions among the factors were not significant (p > 0.20). Enamel fluorosis level (p=0.638) and abrasion level (p = 0.390) had no significant effect on lesion depth. Acid exposure caused significantly more enamel surface loss than water (p < 0.001). Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, fluorosis did not affect the susceptibility of enamel to dental erosion-abrasion.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides; Tooth Erosion; Dental Enamel; Tooth Abrasion; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 37436291
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0068 -
Journal of Dentistry 2020To investigate the ability of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to prevent erosive tooth wear in enamel and dentin.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the ability of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to prevent erosive tooth wear in enamel and dentin.
METHODS
SDF (38 %) was compared to deionized water (DIW, negative control), potassium fluoride (KF, fluoride control), silver nitrate (AgNO, silver control), and fluoride varnish (FV, clinical reference) using erosion and erosion-abrasion cycling models. Bovine enamel and dentin slabs were embedded in resin blocks. Two resin blocks were glued to form study blocks (n=8, per treatment), one for erosion and the other for the erosion-abrasion model. The blocks were treated once and then subjected to a five-day cycling model, with five daily citric acid erosive challenges (0.3 % citric acid/pH 2.6). Abrasion was performed using a toothbrushing machine with a medium-abrasive silica as abrasive (erosion-abrasion model only). Artificial saliva was used to remineralize the specimens after erosion/abrasion and as storage media between cycles. Surface loss (SL) was determined by non-contact profilometry. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (α=0.05).
RESULTS
Both eroded-abraded enamel and dentin specimens exhibited significantly more SL in all treatment groups than the only eroded ones (p<0.001). For dentin, both AgNO and DIW groups had significantly more SL than SDF, KF, and FV groups (p<0.001), for both models. For enamel, specimens had more SL in both AgNO and DIW groups compared to SDF, KF, and FV groups, in the erosion model. When enamel specimens were subjected to erosion-abrasion, FV resulted in the least SL (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
SDF was effective in reducing dental erosion on both substrates, but dental erosion-abrasion only on dentin.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
SDF may become a viable intervention for ETW prevention in dentin (e.g. exposed roots) once its efficacy has been confirmed under clinical conditions.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Fluorides; Fluorides, Topical; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Silver Compounds; Tooth Abrasion; Tooth Erosion; Tooth Wear; Toothbrushing
PubMed: 34059308
DOI: 10.1016/j.jjodo.2020.100015 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2016Two previous clinical studies evaluated the effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles of soft manual brushes on the removal of plaque and gingival abrasion. However,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Two previous clinical studies evaluated the effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles of soft manual brushes on the removal of plaque and gingival abrasion. However, the combined effect of an abrasive dentifrice on these outcomes has yet to be understood. The purpose of the present study was to compare the incidence of gingival abrasion and the degree of plaque removal obtained after the use of toothbrushes with tapered or end-rounded bristles in the presence or absence of an abrasive dentifrice. The study involved a randomized, single-blind, crossover model (n = 39) with a split-mouth design. Subjects were instructed to refrain from performing oral hygiene procedures for 72 hours. Quadrants were randomized and subjects brushed with both types of toothbrushes using a dentifrice (relative dentin abrasion = ± 160). Plaque and gingival abrasion were assessed before and after brushing. After 7 days, the experiment was repeated without the dentifrice. The average reduction in plaque scores and the average increase in the number of abrasion sites were assessed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc tests. End-rounded bristles removed significantly more plaque than tapered bristles, regardless of the use of a dentifrice. The dentifrice did not improve plaque removal. In the marginal area (cervical free gingiva), no difference in the incidence of gingival abrasion was detected between toothbrush types when used with a dentifrice (p ≥ 0.05). However, the dentifrice increased the incidence of abrasion (p < 0.001), irrespective of the toothbrush type tested. End-rounded bristles therefore removed plaque more effectively without causing a higher incidence of gingival abrasion when compared with tapered bristles. An abrasive dentifrice can increase the incidence of abrasion, and should be used with caution by individuals who are at risk of developing gingival recession.
Topics: Adult; Dental Devices, Home Care; Dental Plaque; Dentifrices; Epidemiologic Methods; Equipment Design; Female; Gingiva; Gingival Recession; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Oral Hygiene; Surface Properties; Toothbrushing; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 26981758
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2016.vol30.0037 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2020The Beach Exposure and Child Health Study (BEACHES) quantified the behavior of children at recreational beach areas to evaluate how various behaviors might affect their... (Review)
Review
The Beach Exposure and Child Health Study (BEACHES) quantified the behavior of children at recreational beach areas to evaluate how various behaviors might affect their exposure to environmental contaminants such as bacteria and chemicals. Due to limited information in the study about abrasions, we conducted a literature review to examine how marine bacteria cause infections in open wounds. The literature review revealed possible adverse health effects from the bacterium due to its increasing prevalence and the severity of infection. We used data from the BEACHES study to review children's behavior and their susceptibility to abrasions. Children six years of age and younger were evaluated before and after 1 hour of play for open or healing abrasions at two beaches in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Crandon and Haulover), and two beaches in Galveston County, Texas (Stewart and Seawall). The children were videotaped to monitor their activities and to determine the behavior that would increase their susceptibility to obtaining abrasions. Overall, 58.2% of the children had at least one existing abrasion before playing at the beach, while 8.2% of the children acquired a new abrasion during their time at the beach. Children who acquired new abrasions most often played in the sea water, with new abrasions most frequently occurring on exposed skin surfaces such as the knees. Proper wound care before and after visiting the beach should be encouraged to minimize the risk of bacterial infection, especially considering the possible detrimental impacts that can be caused by some bacterial pathogens through wound exposures.
Topics: Bathing Beaches; Child; Child, Preschool; Environmental Monitoring; Florida; Humans; Seawater; Texas; Water Microbiology; Wound Infection; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 32517246
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114060 -
European Journal of Dentistry Jul 2022This study sought to investigate the toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion of dental sealants.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to investigate the toothbrush-dentifrice abrasion of dental sealants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Weight loss (∆W) and depth loss (∆D) were used as abrasion indicators. Sealant samples from nine products were soaked in dentifrice slurry and abraded by using a toothbrushing machine with a brushing force of 300 g. The mean percentages of ∆W and mean values of ∆D after 24,000 and 48,000 strokes of brushing were compared by using paired -test. A comparison of these mean values among sealant products was performed by using one-way ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis (Scheffe's test).
RESULTS
Abrasive wear was observed in all sealants. Teethmate F-1 (Kuraray Noritake, Tokyo, Japan)-a fluoride-releasing unfilled sealant-exhibited the maximum abrasive wear, with ∆W and ∆D values of 1.14% ± 0.37% and 12.84 ± 4.28 µm, respectively. Delton (Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States), a light-cured unfilled sealant, showed the minimum abrasive wear, with ∆W and ∆D values of 0.41% ± 0.09% and 2.93 ± 1.23 µm, respectively. No statistical differences were observed among unfilled sealants except when compared with Teethmate F-1. Similarly, no differences were observed when comparing among filled sealants and flowable composite.
CONCLUSION
Abrasive wear occurred in all sealants after brushing with dentifrice. Almost all unfilled sealants showed less wear compared with both filled sealants and flowable composite. However, the low abrasive values of all sealants after brushing with dentifrice implied that there is no clinical significance to this finding.
PubMed: 34856628
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735798 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Owing to the diverse composition, adjustable performance, and synergistic effect among components, core-shell micro/nanoparticles have been widely applied in the field... (Review)
Review
Owing to the diverse composition, adjustable performance, and synergistic effect among components, core-shell micro/nanoparticles have been widely applied in the field of tribology in recent years. The strong combination with the matrix and the good dispersion of reinforcing fillers in the composites could be achieved through the design of core-shell structural particles based on the reinforcing fillers. In addition, the performance of chemical mechanical polishing could be improved by optimizing the shell material coated on the abrasive surface. The physical and chemical state of the core-shell micro/nanoparticles played important effects on the friction and wear properties of materials. In this paper, the synthesis methods, the tribological applications (acted as solid/liquid lubricant additive, chemical mechanical polishing abrasives and basic units of lubricant matrix), and the functionary mechanisms of core-shell micro/nanoparticles were systematically reviewed, and the future development of core-shell micro/nanoparticles in tribology was also prospected.
PubMed: 33076415
DOI: 10.3390/ma13204590