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Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jul 2005We report a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC) that presented human immunodeficiency virus infection as an initial manifestation. A...
We report a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex (ADC) that presented human immunodeficiency virus infection as an initial manifestation. A 34-year-old man developed disturbance of consciousness and severe abulia over 3 months. The CD4 lymphocyte count was 7.9/microl, while human immunodeficiency virus RNA in blood amounted to 4.2 x 10(4) copies/ml. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed diffusely high signal intensity in the deep white matter of both cerebral hemispheres. On the 20th hospital day, the patient died of sepsis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Autopsy findings in the brain included increased glial cells and multinucleated giant cells in cerebral white matter and subcortical gray matter. These features were compatible with ADC.
Topics: AIDS Dementia Complex; Adult; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Brain; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Disease Progression; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Male; Neuroglia; Time Factors
PubMed: 16093602
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.44.757 -
Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria Jun 2000To present a rehabilitation case study; procedures to improve the performance on daily activities were used by the caregiver.
OBJECTIVE
To present a rehabilitation case study; procedures to improve the performance on daily activities were used by the caregiver.
PATIENT
Cerebral anoxia due to cardiac arrest. He presented memory deficits for both visual and verbal material, temporal disorientation, abulia, psychomotor slowing and bradypsychism.
METHODS
daily activities were developed in fixed hours; calendar was presented 3 times a day; daily walks were performed; self-care activities were performed by the patient with short verbal commands and cues from the caregiver.
RESULTS
We observed improvement on initiative and autonomy for daily activities, attention, temporal orientation and bradypsychism. There was also reduction on response time.
CONCLUSIONS
Behavioral control strategies result on improvement for patients and their family although limit their routine. Behavioral control strategy promotes learning through the preserved implicit memory mechanism and results on enhancement at patient's autonomy at home.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Cognition; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests
PubMed: 10920423
DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2000000300026