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Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... Mar 1949
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents; Humans
PubMed: 18124816
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Behavioral Addictions Dec 2017Background and aims The smartphone is one of the most popular devices, with the average smartphone usage at 162 min/day and the average length of phone usage at...
Background and aims The smartphone is one of the most popular devices, with the average smartphone usage at 162 min/day and the average length of phone usage at 15.79 hr/week. Although significant concerns have been made about the health effects of smartphone addiction, the relationship between smartphone addiction and accidents has rarely been studied. We examined the association between smartphone addiction and accidents among South Korean university students. Methods A total of 608 college students completed an online survey that included their experience of accidents (total number; traffic accidents; falls/slips; bumps/collisions; being trapped in the subway, impalement, cuts, and exit wounds; and burns or electric shocks), their use of smartphone, the type of smartphone content they most frequently used, and other variables of interests. Smartphone addiction was estimated using Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, a standardized measure developed by the National Institution in Korea. Results Compared with normal users, participants who were addicted to smartphones were more likely to have experienced any accidents (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.26-2.86), falling from height/slipping (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.10-3.91), and bumps/collisions (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.16-2.87). The proportion of participants who used their smartphones mainly for entertainment was significantly high in both the accident (38.76%) and smartphone addiction (36.40%) groups. Discussion and conclusions We suggest that smartphone addiction was significantly associated with total accident, falling/slipping, and bumps/collisions. This finding highlighted the need for increased awareness of the risk of accidents with smartphone addiction.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Accidents; Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Female; Humans; Male; Republic of Korea; Risk Factors; Smartphone; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 29099234
DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.070 -
Psychiatria Polska Dec 2020The study aimed at exploration of a relationship between PTSD symptoms, traumarelated guilt (TRG), time perspective (TP), and guilt/shame proneness among perpetrators of...
OBJECTIVES
The study aimed at exploration of a relationship between PTSD symptoms, traumarelated guilt (TRG), time perspective (TP), and guilt/shame proneness among perpetrators of motor vehicle accidents (MVA). We also analyzed relationships between length of imprisonment, PTSD and trauma-related guilt.
METHODS
The sample consisted of 37 incarcerated perpetrators of MVA. They were asked to fill in the set of questionnaires: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Guilt and Shame Proneness Inventory, Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory).
RESULTS
The results showed that 50% of the perpetrators met the DSM-5 PTSD criteria. The proneness to guilt and shame positively correlated with the trauma-related guilt. Shame susceptibility as a consequence of negative self-esteem was associated with a greater traumarelated shame. There was no correlation between guilt/shame or trauma-related guilt and PTSD. The time perspective was associated with PTSD - the stronger the tendency of the respondents to focus on the present/past, the greater the symptoms of PTSD. Focusing on the hedonistic present positively correlated with guilt related to trauma.
CONCLUSIONS
In the studied population, every second perpetrator of the accident was affected by PTSD, which was associated with the past and present time perspective. Negative assessment of self and behavior intensified the guilt associated with trauma and reduced the search for justification for one's own actions in external circumstances. Time spent in prison had no effect on moral attitudes or on the moral evaluation of one's own behavior that caused harm to others. However, it was associated with experiencing stress and focusing on one's own suffering.
Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Female; Guilt; Humans; Male; Prisoners; Self Concept; Shame; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
PubMed: 33740803
DOI: 10.12740/PP/113555 -
British Medical Journal Dec 1978
Review
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Traffic; Automobile Driver Examination; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Brain; Female; Humans; Male; Perception; Risk-Taking
PubMed: 365290
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Public Health and... Dec 1949
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents; Humans
PubMed: 15408419
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.39.12.1527 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2021The objective of this study was to examine the incidence of concussion and risk factors for sustaining concussion among children from the United States general...
The objective of this study was to examine the incidence of concussion and risk factors for sustaining concussion among children from the United States general population. This prospective cohort study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Children were recruited from schools across the US, sampled to reflect the sociodemographic variation of the US population. The current sample includes 11,013 children aged 9 to 10 years old (47.6% girls; 65.5% White) who were prospectively followed for an average of 1 year (mean = 367.9 days, SD = 40.8, range 249-601). The primary outcome was caregiver-reported concussion during a 1 year follow-up period. Logistic regression was used to determine which potential clinical, health history, and behavioral characteristics (assessed at baseline) were prospectively associated with concussion. In the 1 year follow-up period between ages 10 and 11, 1 in 100 children ( = 123, 1.1%) sustained a concussion. In univariate models, three baseline predictors (ADHD, prior concussion, and accident proneness) were significantly associated with sustaining a concussion. In a multivariate model, controlling for all other predictors, only prior concussion remained significantly associated with the occurrence of a concussion during the observation period (Odds Ratio = 5.49, 95% CI: 3.40-8.87). The most robust and only independent prospective predictor of sustaining a concussion was history of a prior concussion. History of concussion is associated with 5.5 times greater odds of sustaining concussion between ages 10 and 11 among children from the general US population.
PubMed: 34790165
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.773927 -
International Journal of Epidemiology Aug 2011Several studies in low-income populations report the somewhat counterintuitive finding that positive income gains adversely affect adult health. The literature posits...
BACKGROUND
Several studies in low-income populations report the somewhat counterintuitive finding that positive income gains adversely affect adult health. The literature posits that receipt of a large portion of annual income increases, in the short term, risk-taking behaviour and/or the consumption of health-damaging goods. This work implies the hypothesis that persons with an unexpected gain in income will exhibit an elevated risk of accidental death-the fifth leading cause of death in the USA. We test this hypothesis directly by capitalizing on a natural experiment in which Cherokee Indians in rural North Carolina received discrete lump sum payments from a new casino.
METHODS
We applied Poisson regression to the monthly count of accidental deaths among Cherokee Indians over 204 months spanning 1990-2006. We controlled for temporal patterns in accidental deaths (e.g. seasonality and trend) as well as changes in population size.
RESULTS
As hypothesized, the risk of accidental death rises above expected levels during months of the large casino payments (relative risk = 2.62; 95% confidence interval = 1.54-4.47). Exploratory analyses of ethnographic interviews and behavioural surveys support that increased vehicular travel and consumption of health-damaging goods may account for the rise in accident proneness.
CONCLUSIONS
Although long-term income gains may improve health in this population, our findings indicate that acute responses to large income gains, in the short term, increase risk-taking and accident proneness. We encourage further investigation of natural experiments to identify causal economic antecedents of population health.
Topics: Accidents; Adolescent; Adult; Anthropology, Cultural; Cause of Death; Child; Female; Gambling; Humans; Income; Indians, North American; Male; Middle Aged; North Carolina; Poisson Distribution; Rural Population; Young Adult
PubMed: 21527447
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr073 -
American Journal of Public Health Dec 1971
Topics: Accidents; Accidents, Home; Accidents, Traffic; Adolescent; Age Factors; Amnesia; Anxiety; Attitude to Health; British Columbia; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Craniocerebral Trauma; Demography; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hospitalization; Hospitals, General; Humans; Infant; Intelligence; Male; Seasons; Sex Factors; Social Behavior; Socioeconomic Factors; Time Factors; Unconsciousness
PubMed: 5128613
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.61.12.2405 -
Gaceta Sanitaria 2018To learn about children's perception of the causes and prevention strategies involved in school accidents.
OBJECTIVE
To learn about children's perception of the causes and prevention strategies involved in school accidents.
METHOD
The sample included 584 school children aged 8-9 years from Navarra. A mixed design was chosen by questionnaire with three open-response questions and one multiple-choice assessment. Analysis was performed in two phases: 1) qualitative development of categories and dimensions of the responses of narrative content, and 2) quantitative variables for recoding correlational analysis.
RESULTS
22 categories emerged, which make up three perceptual dimensions: 1) attribution of causality (5), 2) identification of mechanisms of avoidance (11), and 3) development of coping strategies (6). The correlation intra-variables portray varying degrees: on the one hand, moderate positive numbers (r>0.5) in allocating and identifying causality avoidance mechanisms and, on the other hand, high positive correlation values (r>0.7) referred to developing coping strategies.
DISCUSSION
Children are able to identify accidents as a health problem. They question the multiplicity of elements involved and relate the origin and kind of accident to prevention and support mechanisms.
Topics: Accident Prevention; Accident Proneness; Causality; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Psychology, Child; Qualitative Research; School Health Services; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 27816229
DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.07.007 -
The Journal of the Royal College of... Jan 1978The study of domestic accidents, which includes accidents in and around the home and in institutions, is of increasing importance. The mortality statistics are shown in...
The study of domestic accidents, which includes accidents in and around the home and in institutions, is of increasing importance. The mortality statistics are shown in Table 1. In 1974, 18,335 people died from accidents in the UK (RoSPA, 1974) equivalent to the population of a reasonably sized town. Accidents form one of the four main causes of death in this country and have become relatively more common in recent years. Analysis of the causes of home accidents make it possible to plan ways of preventing them. General practitioners and their colleagues in the primary health care team have the principal responsibility.
Topics: Accident Proneness; Accidents, Home; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; United Kingdom
PubMed: 553168
DOI: No ID Found