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Frontiers in Medicine 2022Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of...
BACKGROUND
Most colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of colorectal cancer. However, there are still no absolute markers predicting the progression from adenoma to carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in patients with colorectal adenoma and carcinoma and its correlations with clinical characteristics.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 154 patients with CRC, 20 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD) and 199 healthy controls. To analyze the differences in the intestinal microbiota, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted.
RESULTS
At the genus level, there were four significantly different genera among the three groups, namely Acidaminococcus, Alloprevotella, Mycoplasma, and Sphingobacterium, while Acidaminococcus significantly decreased with the order of Control-AD-CRC ( < 0.05). In addition, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Prevotella, Butyricimonas, Alistipes, and Odoribacter were the key genera in the network of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma-associated bacteria. The top 10 most important species, including , , , , , , , , and , showed the best performance in distinguishing AD from CRC (AUC = 85.54%, 95% CI: 78.83-92.25%). The clinicopathologic features, including age, gender, tumor location, differentiation degree, and TNM stage, were identified to be closely linked to the intestinal microbiome in CRC.
CONCLUSION
Several intestinal bacteria changed along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and might be the potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota characteristics in CRC should account for the host factors.
PubMed: 35935780
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.888340 -
Gut Microbes 2022The age-associated alterations in microbiomes vary across populations due to the influence of genetics and lifestyles. To the best of our knowledge, the microbial...
The age-associated alterations in microbiomes vary across populations due to the influence of genetics and lifestyles. To the best of our knowledge, the microbial changes associated with aging have not yet been investigated in Singapore adults. We conducted shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal and saliva samples, as well as fecal metabolomics to characterize the gut and oral microbial communities of 62 healthy adult male Singaporeans, including 32 young subjects (age, 23.1 ± 1.4 years) and 30 elderly subjects (age, 69.0 ± 3.5 years). We identified 8 gut and 13 oral species that were differentially abundant in elderly compared to young subjects. By combining the gut and oral microbiomes, 25 age-associated oral-gut species connections were identified. Moreover, oral bacteria and were less prevalent/abundant in elderly gut samples than in young gut samples, whereas and showed the opposite trends. These results indicate the varied gut-oral communications with aging. Subsequently, we expanded the association studies on microbiome, metabolome and host phenotypic parameters. In particular, increased in elderly compared to young subjects, and was positively correlated with triglycerides, which implies that the potential role of in lipid metabolism is altered during the aging process. Our results demonstrated aging-associated changes in the gut and oral microbiomes, as well as the connections between metabolites and host-microbe interactions, thereby deepening the understanding of alterations in the human microbiome during the aging process in a Singapore population.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Metabolome; Metagenomics; Singapore; Young Adult
PubMed: 35549618
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2070392 -
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 2020We evaluated the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for chronic functional constipation (CFC) ineffectively treated by conventional...
BACKGROUND
We evaluated the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for chronic functional constipation (CFC) ineffectively treated by conventional constipation medication.
METHODS
Thirty-four patients with CFC underwent FMT treatment (three rounds, gastroscopy). Clinical scales, including the Wexner constipation score as the main index of efficiency, were completed at baseline; after each treatment, and at 2 and 3 months of follow up. Secondary evaluation indices included the self-assessment of constipation symptoms, patient assessment constipation quality-of-life questionnaire, Bristol stool form scale, and Zung's self-rating depression and anxiety scales. Gastrointestinal motility, motilin, gastrin, nitric oxide (NO), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were assessed before and after treatment. Intestinal flora changes were assessed by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing.
RESULTS
There were no serious adverse reactions. The clinical cure rate was 73.5% (25/34), clinical remission rate was 14.7% (5/34), and the inefficiency rate was 11.8% (4/34). Clinical scale data indicated that the FMT treatment was effective. Furthermore, FMT treatment promoted intestinal peristalsis, increased gastrointestinal motility, and increased serum NO and 5-HT levels. The 16S rRNA sequencing data indicated that high abundances of and may be the cause of constipation, and high abundances of and may be the main factors in curing constipation.
CONCLUSION
Treatment with FMT regulates the intestinal microflora and changes the abundance of CFC-associated bacterial flora to improve constipation.
PubMed: 33193813
DOI: 10.1177/1756284820968423 -
BioMed Research International 2022Most of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of...
BACKGROUND
Most of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic and develop along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Intestinal microbial dysbiosis is involved in the development of colorectal cancer. However, there are still no absolute markers predicting the progression from adenoma to carcinoma.
AIMS
To investigate the characteristics of intestinal microbiota in colorectal adenoma and carcinoma patients and the correlations with clinical characteristics.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected from 154 colorectal carcinoma patients (CRC group), 20 colorectal adenoma patients (AD group), and 199 healthy controls (control group). The intestinal microbiota was investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
RESULTS
Compared to the healthy controls, microbial diversity was dramatically decreased in AD/CRC. At the genus level, significantly decreased with the order of control-AD-CRC ( < 0.05). , , , , , and were the key genera in the network of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma-associated bacteria. Combination of the top 10 most important species, including , , , bacterium feline oral taxon 001, , , bacterium LD2013, , bacterium 19gly4, and , showed the best performance in distinguishing AD patients from CRC (AUC = 85.54%, 95% CI: 78.83%-92.25%). The clinicopathologic features, including age, sex, tumor location, differentiation degree, and TNM stage, were identified to be closely linked to the intestinal microbiome in CRC.
CONCLUSION
Several intestinal bacteria changed along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence and might be the potential markers for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal adenoma/carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota characteristics in CRC should account for the host factors.
Topics: Adenoma; Animals; Bacteria; Carcinoma; Cats; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dysbiosis; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35937408
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3140070 -
Microbiome Nov 2017It is clear that specific intestinal bacteria are involved in the development of different premalignant conditions along the gastrointestinal tract. An analysis of the...
BACKGROUND
It is clear that specific intestinal bacteria are involved in the development of different premalignant conditions along the gastrointestinal tract. An analysis of the microbial constituents in the context of pancreatic cystic lesions has, however, as yet not been performed. This consideration prompted us to explore whether endoscopically obtained pancreatic cyst fluids (PCF) contain bacterial DNA and to determine the genera of bacteria present in such material.
METHODS
Total DNA was isolated from 69 PCF samples. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene-specific PCR was performed followed by Sanger sequencing and de novo deep sequencing for the V3-V4 variable region of 16S rRNA gene.
RESULTS
We observed that 98.2% of the samples were positive in conventional PCR, and that 100% of selected PCF samples (n = 33) were positive for bacterial microbiota as determined by next generation sequencing (NGS). Comprehensive NGS data analysis of PCF showed the presence of 408 genera of bacteria, of which 17 bacterial genera were uniquely abundant to PCF, when compared to the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) database and 15 bacterial microbiota were uniquely abundant in HMP only. Bacteroides spp., Escherichia/Shigella spp., and Acidaminococcus spp. which were predominant in PCF, while also a substantial Staphylococcus spp. and Fusobacterium spp. component was detected.
CONCLUSION
These results reveal and characterize an apparently specific bacterial ecosystem in pancreatic cyst fluid samples and may reflect the local microbiota in the pancreas. Some taxa with potential deleterious functions are present in the bacterial abundance profiles, suggesting that the unique microbiome in this specific niche may contribute to neoplastic processes in the pancreas. Further studies are needed to explore the intricate relationship between pathophysiological status in the host pancreas and its microbiota.
Topics: Aged; Bacteria; Bacterial Translocation; Bacteroides; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Fusobacterium; Gastrointestinal Tract; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Neoplastic Processes; Pancreas; Pancreatic Cyst; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 29122007
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0363-6 -
Nutrients Aug 2021Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption could affect gut microbiota diversity and profile. We aimed to evaluate the effects of UPFs on microbiota, considering the role... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption could affect gut microbiota diversity and profile. We aimed to evaluate the effects of UPFs on microbiota, considering the role of sex. The consumption of UPFs (using NOVA criteria) was assessed with a validated 137-item food-frequency questionnaire. Participants ( = 359) were classified into less than three servings per day ( = 96) of UPFs and more than five ( = 90). Women and men were subclassified following the same criteria. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed from DNA fecal samples, and differences in microbiota were analyzed using EdgeR. The relationship between UPFs and bacteria was assessed by Spearman correlation and comparison of tertiles of consumption. Women who consumed more than five servings/day of UPFs presented an increase in , Enterobacteriales, Bifidobacteriales and Actinobacteria and a decrease in and . , Bifidobacteriales and Actinobacteria was positively associated with pizza and Actinobacteria with industrially processed dairy in women. Men who consumed more than five servings/day presented an increase of Carnobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, Bacteroidia and Bacteroidetes and a decrease of and Clostridiaceae. Bacteroidia and Bacteroidetes correlated positively with industrially processed meat. This study suggests that UPFs may affect microbiota composition differently in women and men.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Dairy Products; Diet; Dysbiosis; Fast Foods; Feces; Female; Food Handling; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Intestines; Male; Middle Aged; Nutritive Value; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Spain
PubMed: 34444870
DOI: 10.3390/nu13082710 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2021In the present study, we characterized the distinctive signatures of the gut microbiota (GM) from overweight/obese patients (OB), and normal-weight controls (NW), both...
In the present study, we characterized the distinctive signatures of the gut microbiota (GM) from overweight/obese patients (OB), and normal-weight controls (NW), both of Sardinian origin. Fecal bacterial composition of 46 OB patients (BMI = 36.6 ± 6.0; F/M = 40/6) was analyzed and compared to that of 46 NW subjects (BMI = 21.6 ± 2.1; F/M = 41/5), matched for sex, age and smoking status, by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on MiSeq Illumina platform. The gut microbial community of OB patients exhibited a significant decrease in the relative abundance of several Bacteroidetes taxa (i.e. Flavobacteriaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Sphingobacteriaceae, Flavobacterium, Rikenella spp., Pedobacter spp., Parabacteroides spp., Bacteroides spp.) when compared to NW; instead, several Firmicutes taxa were significantly increased in the same subjects (Lachnospiraceae, Gemellaceae, Paenibacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, Thermicanaceae, Gemella, Mitsuokella, Streptococcus, Acidaminococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Ruminococcus spp., Megamonas spp., Streptococcus, Thermicanus, Megasphaera spp. and Veillonella spp.). Correlation analysis indicated that body fatness and waist circumference negatively correlated with Bacteroidetes taxa, while Firmicutes taxa positively correlated with body fat and negatively with muscle mass and/or physical activity level. Furthermore, the relative abundance of several bacterial taxa belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, known to exhibit endotoxic activity, was increased in the OB group compared to NW. The results extend our knowledge on the GM profiles in Italian OB, identifying novel taxa linking obesity and intestine.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 33750881
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84928-w -
Journal of the Formosan Medical... Jan 2021Rosacea has been linked to inflammatory bowel disease and small bowel bacterial overgrowth. We aimed to investigate the fecal microbial profiling and the potential gene...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Rosacea has been linked to inflammatory bowel disease and small bowel bacterial overgrowth. We aimed to investigate the fecal microbial profiling and the potential gene functions between rosacea and non-rosacea subjects.
METHODS
A case-control study. Fecal microbiome and predicted genetic function inferred from high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing were analyzed between rosacea (n = 11) and age-, gender- and body mass index-matched non-rosacea subjects (n=110). The correlation between altered microbiome as well as lifestyle and diet were also investigated.
RESULTS
A significant reduction of fecal microbial richness was found in rosacea patients. A distinct fecal microbial community structure was demonstrated in rosacea patients. The discriminating enriched genera in rosacea patients included Rhabdochlamydia, CF231, Bifidobacterium, Sarcina, Ruminococcus, belonging to the phylum of Chlamydiae, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Lentisphaerae. The discriminating reduced abundant genera included Lactobacillus, Megasphaerae, Acidaminococcus, Hemophilus, Roseburia, Clostridium, belong to the phylum of Firmicutes; and Citrobacter, belonging to the phylum of Proteobacteria. The distinct fecal microbial composition might be related to sulfur metabolism, cobalamin, and carbohydrate transport.
CONCLUSION
An altered fecal microbial richness and composition were observed in rosacea patients. The distinct microbial composition might be related to sulfur metabolism, cobalamin and carbohydrate transport.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rosacea
PubMed: 32446756
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.04.034 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2020The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of untreated and processed rapeseed meal (RSM) on fiber degradability by pig gut microbiota and the adaptation of the...
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of untreated and processed rapeseed meal (RSM) on fiber degradability by pig gut microbiota and the adaptation of the microbiota to the substrate, by using the Swine Large Intestine Model (SLIM). A standardized swine gut microbiota was fed for 48 h with pre-digested RSM which was processed enzymatically by a cellulase (CELL), two pectinases (PECT), or chemically by an alkaline (ALK) treatment. Amplicons of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced to evaluate the gut microbiota composition, whereas short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were measured to assess fiber degradation. Adaptive gPCA showed that CELL and ALK had larger effects on the microbiota composition than PECT1 and PECT2, and all substrates had larger effects than CON. The relative abundance of family Prevotellaceae was significantly higher in CELL treatment compared to other treatments. Regardless of the treatments (including CON), the relative abundance of , , and (in the order of Clostridiales) were significantly increased after 24 h, and , , , , 009, , , and were significantly higher in abundance at time point 48 compared to the earlier time points. 9 had significant positive correlations with propionic and valeric acid, and positively correlated with acetic and caproic acid. There was no significant difference in SCFA production between untreated and processed RSM. Overall, degradability in the processed RSM was not improved compared to CON. However, the significantly different microbes detected among treatments, and the bacteria considerably correlating with SCFA production might be important findings to determine strategies to shorten the fiber adaptation period of the microbiota, in order to increase feed efficiency in the animal, and particularly in pig production.
PubMed: 32983078
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.570985 -
Cells Feb 2021The normal composition of the intestinal microbiota is a key factor for maintaining healthy homeostasis, and accordingly, dysbiosis is well known to be present in HIV-1...
The normal composition of the intestinal microbiota is a key factor for maintaining healthy homeostasis, and accordingly, dysbiosis is well known to be present in HIV-1 patients. This article investigates the gut microbiota profile of antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1 patients and healthy donors living in Latin America in a cohort of 13 HIV positive patients (six elite controllers, EC, and seven non-controllers, NC) and nine healthy donors (HD). Microbiota compositions in stool samples were determined by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA, and functional prediction was inferred using PICRUSt. Several taxa were enriched in EC compared to NC or HD groups, including , , , , and . In addition, our data indicate that the route of infection is an important factor associated with changes in gut microbiome composition, and we extend these results by identifying several metabolic pathways associated with each route of infection. Importantly, we observed several bacterial taxa that might be associated with different viral subtypes, such as , which were more abundant in patients infected by HIV subtype B, and enrichment in patients infected by subtype C. In conclusion, our data brings a significant contribution to the understanding of dysbiosis-associated changes in HIV infection and describes, for the first time, differences in microbiota composition according to HIV subtypes. These results warrant further confirmation in a larger cohort of patients.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Discriminant Analysis; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Middle Aged
PubMed: 33668457
DOI: 10.3390/cells10020385