-
Postgraduate Medical Journal Aug 2006Acne is one of the most prevalent skin conditions affecting teenagers. It is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Blockage of sebaceous glands and colonisation with... (Review)
Review
Acne is one of the most prevalent skin conditions affecting teenagers. It is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit. Blockage of sebaceous glands and colonisation with Proionobacterium acnes leads to acne. Grading the severity of acne helps to determine the appropriate treatment. Treatment of acne should be started as early as possible to minimise the risk of scarring and adverse psychological effects. It should be tailored to the individual patient, the type of acne, its severity, the patient's ability to use the treatment, and the psychological state. Topical agents are the mainstay for treatment of mild acne. Moderate acne is treated with oral antibiotics. Resistance to antibiotics may be reduced by subsequent use of non-antibiotic topical medications. Severe acne is treated with isotretinoin, and this can lead to permanent remission. With better education and care given by medical profession, acne treatment could be significantly improved.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Interactions; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Hormones; Humans; Propionibacterium acnes; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 16891439
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2006.045377 -
PloS One 2021Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence in adolescent and early adult years. The aim of this study was to assess the self-perceived...
BACKGROUND
Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence in adolescent and early adult years. The aim of this study was to assess the self-perceived beliefs of Montenegrin secondary school pupils regarding the acne aggravating and ameliorating factors.
METHODS
This cross-sectional survey of the pupils was conducted during October and November 2020 in four randomly selected public secondary schools in Podgorica, Montenegro. All 500 pupils were asked to fill in a questionnaire that included questions on age, sex, presence of acne, perceived acne aggravating and ameliorating factors, and sources of their information about acne.
RESULTS
A total of 500 pupils, 234 (46.8%) boys, and 266 (53.2%) girls, aged 14-17 years, participated in the study. Acne was self-reported in 249 (49.8%) pupils, whereas 251 (50.2%) did not report acne. Factors most often believed to aggravate acne were inadequate face washing (85.0%), hormones (84.0%), sweets (82.0%), greasy food (72.6%), makeup (71.2%), and stress (67.8%). Overall the most prevalent acne ameliorating factors were cosmetic treatment (80.4%), increased water consumption (77.6%), a diet change to a healthier food choice (77.4%), and being on school holidays (62.2%). Girls reported more frequently that genetics, stress, sweets consumption, inadequate face wash, and makeup are acne exacerbating factors, whilst cosmetic treatment, increased water consumption, smoking, and being on school holidays are acne ameliorating factors. Boys more frequently considered the benefit of losing weight. There was no statistically significant difference between pupils with and without acne in perceived factors, except for cosmetic treatment. Those with acne more frequently believed in the benefits of cosmetic treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Many adolescents' self-perceived beliefs about factors that aggravate and ameliorate acne are myths and misconceptions without evidence-based justification. More efforts are needed to educate pupils about the acne aggravating and ameliorating factors, its health-related consequences, and the treatment possibilities.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Montenegro; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34133464
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253421 -
International Journal of Dermatology Jul 2004Two women, aged 27 and 45 years, presented to the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic with acne vulgaris. Both had nodular acne in a similar distribution over the cheeks,...
Two women, aged 27 and 45 years, presented to the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic with acne vulgaris. Both had nodular acne in a similar distribution over the cheeks, chin, and perioral areas (Fig. 1). Each had a history of acne vulgaris as a teenager. Both were healthcare assistants working in the Singapore General Hospital throughout the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) crisis, had worn N95 masks continuously for about 3 months whilst on the wards, and had suffered an outbreak of acne of the skin occluded by the mask. They were treated with topical retinoid and systemic antimicrobials, and both responded well.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Masks; Middle Aged; Retinoids; Singapore; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15230894
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02338.x -
Skin Therapy Letter Jan 2024The treatment of acne vulgaris traditionally consists of a combination of topical and oral medications. The use of lasers to treat this condition has been an area of... (Review)
Review
The treatment of acne vulgaris traditionally consists of a combination of topical and oral medications. The use of lasers to treat this condition has been an area of increasing research, and several types have previously been used in the treatment of acne. New 1726 nm lasers specifically target the sebaceous gland, which is known to be pivotal in acne pathophysiology. This laser wavelength demonstrates substantial potential as a safe and effective therapeutic option for moderate to severe acne without the risks of systemic therapy. This paper reviews the 1726 nm lasers for acne vulgaris.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Sebaceous Glands; Lasers; Light; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38271552
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal (Clinical... Dec 1983The severity of acne and rate of excretion of sebum were assessed in 243 patients with epilepsy taking various anticonvulsants who were in hospital long term and in...
The severity of acne and rate of excretion of sebum were assessed in 243 patients with epilepsy taking various anticonvulsants who were in hospital long term and in matched controls derived from a normal population of 2176 people. Neither the prevalence of acne nor the sebum excretion rate significantly increased in the patients compared with the controls or in patients taking phenytoin compared with those not. It is concluded that anticonvulsant treatment does not cause acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phenytoin; Sebum; Secretory Rate
PubMed: 6227369
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.287.6406.1669 -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina,... Jun 2023Acne occurring in adults over the age of 25 years is known as acne tarda or adult acne. Three types of adult acne are recognized: persistent, late-onset, and recurrent...
INTRODUCTION
Acne occurring in adults over the age of 25 years is known as acne tarda or adult acne. Three types of adult acne are recognized: persistent, late-onset, and recurrent acne. Most studies do not compare the characteristics between the three variants. In addition, little is known about adult acne in males. This study describes the epidemiological factors of adult acne and investigates certain triggering factors by sex and different types of adult acne.
METHODS
A multicenter, prospective, descriptive study was conducted. Patients with adult acne and an acne-free control group were compared regarding medical history, family history, smoking and drinking habits, and dietary factors. In addition, triggering and prognostic factors were investigated by sex and three different types of acne: persistent, late-onset, and recurrent acne.
RESULTS
The participants included 944 (88.56%) female and 122 (11.44%) male patients with adult acne, and 709 (73.85%) female and 251 (26.15%) male control patients. The consumption of crackers, chocolate, and pasta was significantly more common in the acne group than in the control group (p = 0.017, 0.002, and 0.040, respectively). Male patients with adult acne had a significantly longer disease duration than female patients with adult acne (p = 0.024). The most common type of acne was recurrent acne, followed by persistent and late-onset acne. Among patients with persistent acne, 14.5% had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), whereas 12.2% of patients with recurrent acne and 11.1% of patients with late-onset acne had PCOS. Severe acne was more common in the persistent acne type (28.13%). The cheek (59.90%) was the most common involvement area, and stress (55.23%) was the most common triggering factor regardless of sex.
CONCLUSIONS
Although adult female and male patents with adult acne share similar triggering factors, the involvement areas can differ, which may indicate the additional hormonal etiology of female adult acne. Further epidemiological studies on adult acne in both sexes may illuminate the pathogenesis of the disease, thus making possible the development of new treatment strategies.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Female; Turkey; Prospective Studies; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Acne Vulgaris
PubMed: 37365892
DOI: No ID Found -
Experimental Dermatology Feb 2020Expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important pathophysiological factor in acne. Cav-1 strongly interacts with such well-recognized etiopathogenic factors such as... (Review)
Review
Expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important pathophysiological factor in acne. Cav-1 strongly interacts with such well-recognized etiopathogenic factors such as hyperseborrhea, follicular hyperkeratinization and pathogenicity of Cutibacterium acnes. Cav-1 is a strong negative regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression. It acts as a critical determinant of autophagy, which is significantly induced in acne lesions through C. acnes and by absorption of fatty acids. Cav-1 also demonstrates different correlations with the development of innate immunity. We propose that normalization of Cav-1 expression can serve as a target in anti-acne therapy.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adipocytes; Autophagy; Caveolin 1; Epithelial Cells; Fatty Acids; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Sebaceous Glands
PubMed: 31769542
DOI: 10.1111/exd.14063 -
Journal of the American Academy of... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Rosacea
PubMed: 38184278
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.12.038 -
International Journal of Cosmetic... Aug 2011Acne vulgaris suppresses an individual's self-confidence by causing distress with regard to physical appearance, which affects a significant number of individuals during... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris suppresses an individual's self-confidence by causing distress with regard to physical appearance, which affects a significant number of individuals during puberty and is delineated by adolescence. Several treatments have been introduced to decrease the aesthetic and psychological problems caused by acne. The topical application of therapeutic agents has been found to be more feasible than hormonal treatment and laser therapy. The ingredients in topical acne treatments, particularly herbs and naturally derived compounds, have received considerable interest as they have fewer adverse effects than synthetic agents.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Topical; Dermatologic Agents; Herbal Medicine; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species
PubMed: 21401650
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2494.2011.00647.x -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Feb 2024Facial acne scars are a prevalent concern, leading to the development of various treatment modalities. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Facial acne scars are a prevalent concern, leading to the development of various treatment modalities.
OBJECTIVES
This review aims to explore the latest advancements in the treatment of facial acne scars, focusing on both surgical and non-surgical methods.
METHODS
The non-surgical treatments reviewed include topical medications (such as retinoids and alpha hydroxy acids) and non-invasive procedures (like microdermabrasion and chemical peels). Surgical options discussed are punch excision, subcision, and fractional laser treatments.
RESULTS
Combination therapy, integrating both surgical and non-surgical approaches, is frequently utilized to achieve optimal results in scar improvement.
CONCLUSION
Recent advancements in the treatment of facial acne scars provide promising options for individuals seeking improvement. However, these treatments have associated risks and potential adverse effects, highlighting the importance of consulting a dermatologist before beginning any treatment regimen.
Topics: Humans; Cicatrix; Acne Vulgaris; Chemexfoliation; Dermabrasion; Retinoids; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38303407
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13573