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Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology... 2024
Topics: Humans; Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38403274
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.02.009 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Mar 2001
Topics: Actinomyces; Humans; Myocarditis; Treponema pallidum
PubMed: 11252315
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200103153441116 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters Nov 2008Actinomyces spp., predominant members of human oral biofilms, may use extracellular sialidase to promote adhesion, deglycosylate immunoglobulins and liberation of...
Actinomyces spp., predominant members of human oral biofilms, may use extracellular sialidase to promote adhesion, deglycosylate immunoglobulins and liberation of nutrients. Partial nanH gene sequences (1,077 bp) from Actinomyces oris (n=74), Actinomyces naeslundii (n=30), Actinomyces viscosus (n=1) and Actinomyces johnsonii (n=2) which included the active-site region and the bacterial neuraminidase repeats (BNRs) were compared. The sequences were aligned and each species formed a distinct cluster with five isolates having intermediate positions. These five isolates (two A. oris and three A. naeslundii) exhibited interspecies recombination. The nonsynonymous/synonymous ratio was <1 for both A. oris and A. naeslundii indicating that nanH in both species is under stabilizing selective pressure; nonsynonymous mutations are not selected. However, for A. oris significant negative values in tests for neutral selection suggested the rate of mutation in A. oris was greater than in A. naeslundii but with selection against nonsynonymous mutations. This was supported by the observation that the frequency of polymorphic sites in A. oris, which were monomorphic in A. naeslundii was significantly greater than the frequency of polymorphic sites in A. naeslundii which were monomorphic in A. oris (chi(2)=7.011; P=0.00081). The higher proportions of A. oris in the oral biofilm might be explained by the higher mutation rate facilitating an increased ability to respond successfully to environmental stress.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Bacterial Proteins; Dental Plaque; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mouth; Neuraminidase; Recombination, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Species Specificity
PubMed: 18823396
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01336.x -
Infection Apr 2011Actinomyces neuii, a species first described in 1994, has proven to be an exception in this genus on account of its aerobic growth, microscopic morphology (no... (Review)
Review
Actinomyces neuii, a species first described in 1994, has proven to be an exception in this genus on account of its aerobic growth, microscopic morphology (no branching), and the types and location of infections. Abscesses and infected atheromas are the most frequent types of infections, followed by infected skin structures, endophthalmitis, and bacteremias, including endocarditis. They are most likely of endogenous origin. To date, approximately 100 cases have been recorded in the literature. Intra-abdominal and intrathoracic infections, however, have not yet been described, and cases of classical actinomycosis seem to be extremely rare. Prognosis has generally been good with antibiotic and/or surgical treatment. Susceptibility to antibiotics has paralleled that of other Actinomyces spp.
Topics: Abscess; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Debridement; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 21340579
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-011-0088-6 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2016Dental caries (tooth decay) is an infectious disease. Its etiology is not fully understood from the microbiological perspective. This study characterizes the diversity...
Dental caries (tooth decay) is an infectious disease. Its etiology is not fully understood from the microbiological perspective. This study characterizes the diversity of microbial flora in the saliva of children with and without dental caries. Children (3-4 years old) with caries ( = 20) and without caries ( = 20) were recruited. Unstimulated saliva (2 mL) was collected from each child and the total microbial genomic DNA was extracted. DNA amplicons of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were generated and subjected to Illumina Miseq sequencing. A total of 17 phyla, 26 classes, 40 orders, 80 families, 151 genera, and 310 bacterial species were represented in the saliva samples. There was no significant difference in the microbiome diversity between caries-affected and caries-free children ( > 0.05). The relative abundance of several species (, , sp. , , and ) was higher in the caries-affected group than in the caries-free group ( < 0.05). and sp. were more abundant in caries-free children than in caries-affected children ( < 0.05). The salivary microbiome profiles of caries-free and caries-affected children were similar. Salivary counts of certain bacteria such as and may be useful for screening/assessing children's risk of developing caries.
Topics: Actinomyces; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Microbiota; Phylogeny; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva; Streptococcus mutans; Veillonella
PubMed: 27898021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms17121978 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 2015Actinomycosis is a chronic infection caused by Actinomyces species characterized by abscess formation, tissue fibrosis, and draining sinuses. The spectrum of infections...
Actinomycosis is a chronic infection caused by Actinomyces species characterized by abscess formation, tissue fibrosis, and draining sinuses. The spectrum of infections caused by Actinomyces species ranges from classical invasive actinomycosis to a less invasive form of superficial skin and soft tissue infection. We present a review detailing all Actinomyces species isolated from breast infections in NHS Lothian between 2005 and 2013, Actinomyces species isolated from breast infections referred to the United Kingdom Anaerobe Reference Unit between 1988 and 2014, and cases describing Actinomyces breast infections published in the medical literature since 1994. Actinomyces species are fastidious organisms which can be difficult to identify and are likely to be underascertained as a cause of breast infections. Due to improved diagnostic methods, they are increasingly associated with chronic, recurrent breast infections and may play a more significant role in these infections than has previously been appreciated.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Adult; Female; Humans; Mastitis; Middle Aged; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 26224846
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01030-15 -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology Oct 2016Two bacterial strains, Am4 and G10 were isolated from rumen fluid of different ruminants: cow (Holstein-Friesian) and sheep (Slovenskè merino), respectively. They were...
Two bacterial strains, Am4 and G10 were isolated from rumen fluid of different ruminants: cow (Holstein-Friesian) and sheep (Slovenskè merino), respectively. They were isolated from different hosts and regions, but showed 99.2% similarity of the 16S rRNA genes. Both strains are versatile and ferment various sugars to mainly succinate and lactate and small amounts of acetate and formate. The 16S rRNA sequences of Am4 and G10 revealed that they belonged to the genus Actinomyces, and are related to Actinomyces ruminicola JCM 13352 with 97.0% and 97.4% similarity, respectively. DDH showed strain Am4 and G10 had only 55.8 and 43.3% similarity with the Actinomyces ruminicola JCM 13352, and had 69.9% similarity among each other. Comparing strain Am4 and G10, gANI value and dDDH were 92.9% and 68.6%, respectively. Additionally, AAI between the strains was 95.8%. MLSA of housekeeping genes showed difference of metG and pheS. The G+C% contents of strain Am4 and G10 were 69.8% and 68.5%, respectively. MK-10(H) was the principal quinone for strain Am4 (82%) and G10 (91%) with small amounts of MK-10(H) and MK-10(H) for both strains. Only MK-9(H) was detected in strain Am4. MALDI-TOF analysis of protein profiles also revealed that Am4 and G10 are different from each other and from Actinomyces ruminicola JCM 13352. Based on phylogenetic and physiological characteristics, together with genome comparison and MLSA we propose two novel species in the genus Actinomyces: Actinomyces succiniciruminis sp. nov. (type strain Am4=TISTR 2317=DSM 10376) and Actinomyces glycerinitolerans sp. nov. (type strain G10=TISTR 2318=DSM 10377).
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Cattle; Cell Wall; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Female; Genes, Essential; Glycerol; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rumen; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Sheep; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Succinic Acid
PubMed: 27613227
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.08.001 -
Scientific Reports May 2022Co-culture is an efficient strategy for natural product discovery. We have used mycolic acid-containing bacteria (MACB) Tsukamurella pumonis TP-B0596 to induce secondary...
Co-culture is an efficient strategy for natural product discovery. We have used mycolic acid-containing bacteria (MACB) Tsukamurella pumonis TP-B0596 to induce secondary metabolism by actinomycetes and have found several natural products. We also observed that MACB attached to the mycelium of Streptomyces lividans forming coaggregates during combined-culture. This stimulated interest in the interactions among actinomycetes and MACB, and we found that soil isolated cultures contained a mixture of actinomycetes and MACB. Our previously observed interactions were the result of selective screening and combination of bacteria in the lab, which warranted investigation of the existence of these interactions in the natural soil environment. Therefore, in this paper, we report the interaction between a co-isolated natural pair of actinomycetes and MACB in terms of morphology and metabolic changes. A natural pair of actinomycetes and MACB co-aggregated in liquid culture and showed metabolic changes. Interestingly, co-aggregated actinomycetes and MACB were re-isolated from soil with no obvious morphological colony differences from the colony of a single strain. The results demonstrate that there is a stochastic chance of picking colonies containing co-aggregated actinomycetes and MACB, which suggests that the pair can exist in co-aggregate form in the soil environment and interact with each other.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Actinomyces; Bacteria; Biological Products; Mycolic Acids; Soil
PubMed: 35508597
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11406-2 -
BMC Microbiology Oct 2020Actinomyces oris is an early colonizer and has two types of fimbriae on its cell surface, type 1 fimbriae (FimP and FimQ) and type 2 fimbriae (FimA and FimB), which...
Short chain fatty acids induced the type 1 and type 2 fimbrillin-dependent and fimbrillin-independent initial attachment and colonization of Actinomyces oris monoculture but not coculture with streptococci.
BACKGROUND
Actinomyces oris is an early colonizer and has two types of fimbriae on its cell surface, type 1 fimbriae (FimP and FimQ) and type 2 fimbriae (FimA and FimB), which contribute to the attachment and coaggregation with other bacteria and the formation of biofilm on the tooth surface, respectively. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolic products of oral bacteria including A. oris and regulate pH in dental plaques. To clarify the relationship between SCFAs and fimbrillins, effects of SCFAs on the initial attachment and colonization (INAC) assay using A. oris wild type and fimbriae mutants was investigated. INAC assays using A. oris MG1 strain cells were performed with SCFAs (acetic, butyric, propionic, valeric and lactic acids) or a mixture of them on human saliva-coated 6-well plates incubated in TSB with 0.25% sucrose for 1 h. The INAC was assessed by staining live and dead cells that were visualized with a confocal microscope.
RESULTS
Among the SCFAs, acetic, butyric and propionic acids and a mixture of acetic, butyric and propionic acids induced the type 1 and type 2 fimbriae-dependent and independent INAC by live A. oris, but these cells did not interact with streptococci. The main effects might be dependent on the levels of the non-ionized acid forms of the SCFAs in acidic stress conditions. GroEL was also found to be a contributor to the FimA-independent INAC by live A. oris cells stimulated with non-ionized acid.
CONCLUSION
SCFAs affect the INAC-associated activities of the A. oris fimbrillins and non-fimbrillins during ionized and non-ionized acid formations in the form of co-culturing with other bacteria in the dental plaque but not impact the interaction of A. oris with streptococci.
Topics: Actinomyces; Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Fimbriae Proteins; Gene Deletion; Microbial Interactions; Streptococcus
PubMed: 33129273
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01976-4 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Dec 1990
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Chest Pain; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Spinal Cord Diseases; Thoracic Diseases; Time Factors
PubMed: 2271861
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.301.6764.1323