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The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Oct 2013Acne vulgaris is characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, and secondary lesions. Historically, it has been considered a disease primarily affecting adolescents,...
SETTING
Acne vulgaris is characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, and secondary lesions. Historically, it has been considered a disease primarily affecting adolescents, but recent reports over the past three decades suggest an increasing prevalence in adults, particularly women. Adapalene was developed for the topical treatment of acne. Adapalene (6-[3-(l-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid) is a synthetic naphthoic acid derivative with potent retinoid activity including the reversal of the abnormal follicular keratinization and microcomedo formation and decreasing inflammatory lesions. Design/objective: In this analysis, data from two studies comparing adapalene gel 0.3% to vehicle gel were combined and evaluated for change in lesion counts and Investigator's Global Assessment of success rates in adult female subjects ages 18 to 41 years with acne vulgaris.
RESULTS
The results showed a statistically significant difference favoring adapalene gel 0.3% for reduction in total lesion count at Week 12 (P=0.045). Additionally, median reduction for inflammatory lesions (-61%) and noninflammatory lesions (-51%) also favored adapalene. In addition, adapalene gel, 0.3% was well tolerated with similar tolerability compared to adapalene gel 0.1%; the most common treatment-related adverse events were skin discomfort and dry skin. There were no reported serious adverse events in any group.
CONCLUSION
In this subgroup analysis, adapalene gel 0.3% proved effective and well tolerated in adult women with acne vulgaris.
PubMed: 24155991
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Biological... Oct 2019Hybrid delivery systems can release multiple drugs with different profiles and have several applications, including skin dressing. In this work, the co-solvent technique...
Hybrid delivery systems can release multiple drugs with different profiles and have several applications, including skin dressing. In this work, the co-solvent technique was used for the preparation of nanometric vesicles based on poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) block copolymer (BCPVs) containing adapalene (AD). The BCPVs were incorporated into collagen and gelatin matrices together with free AD and silver sulfadiazine (SSD). The AD content of BCPVs and their release capacity were analyzed by using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The gelatin and collagen matrices were evaluated for their ability to release AD and SSD through an in vitro release study. The obtained results confirmed that the production of empty and AD-loaded BCPVs was viable. The degree of AD encapsulation in BCPVs was 9.0% and the in vitro test revealed a constant, slow, and prolonged release of AD content from AD-loaded BCPVs. The combination of free and encapsulated multiple drugs in hybrid delivery systems based on gelatin and collagen matrices was shown to act as a skin dressing that combined the progressive release of large amounts of drugs within the first hours of use (to restrict infection) with a more prolonged and slow release of AD to enhance skin healing.
Topics: Adapalene; Collagen; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Gelatin; Polyethylene Glycols; Polystyrenes; Silver Sulfadiazine; Surface Properties
PubMed: 31401279
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.056 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Jan 2023Understanding the perceptions and practices associated with self-medication among undergraduate university students is of significant importance since there is evidence...
BACKGROUND
Understanding the perceptions and practices associated with self-medication among undergraduate university students is of significant importance since there is evidence showing that self-medication is prevalent among this group.
AIMS
The aim of this study is to evaluate the perceptions and extent of self-medication among undergraduate university students as well as assess their knowledge and patterns of self-medication for acne. A cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate university students aged between 18 and 25 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Students were briefed about the purpose of the study, and a pretested questionnaire was used for assessment. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.
RESULTS
Five hundred and nineteen students participated in this study. Approximately 55.3% had self-medicated, and 38.2% of the participants reported self-medicating because they thought the situation was simple and did not require a doctor's visit. Adapalene was the most commonly administered medication (53%). Furthermore, 74.7% of the respondents said that they saw improvement after treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
A high percentage of students self-medicate their acne, many of whom use medication without a prescription. However, inappropriate use of drugs can increase the risk of adverse effects.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Universities; Saudi Arabia; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Students; Acne Vulgaris
PubMed: 36751818
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_587_20 -
Skinmed 2005Combination therapy with a topical retinoid and an antibiotic is recognized as a rational and effective approach for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Adapalene, a... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Combination therapy with a topical retinoid and an antibiotic is recognized as a rational and effective approach for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Adapalene, a naphthoic acid derivative with anti-inflammatory and receptor-selective retinoid properties, is safe and well tolerated. While the combination of adapalene with oral or topical antibiotics has been shown to deliver a superior and faster response than an antibiotic alone, the clinical benefits of a combination of adapalene and doxycycline, the most frequently prescribed oral antibiotic for acne in the United States, have yet to be evaluated.
OBJECTIVE AND METHODS
In a 12-week study, the efficacy and safety of the combination of adapalene gel 0.1% with doxycycline was compared with doxycycline alone for the treatment of severe acne. Subjects were randomized to receive doxycycline once daily in the morning and either adapalene or vehicle once daily in the evening.
RESULTS
At Week 12, the combination adapalene-doxycycline was significantly superior to doxycycline alone for change from baseline in total (p<0.001), inflammatory (p=0.02), and noninflammatory (p<0.001) lesions. Significant differences in total lesions were observed as early as Week 4 (p=0.04). Both treatments were well tolerated, and no serious adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
The study demonstrates that the combination of adapalene and an oral antibiotic provides a superior and faster benefit than antibiotic therapy alone and should be considered at the initiation of treatment.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Child; Dermatologic Agents; Doxycycline; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gels; Humans; Male; Naphthalenes; Single-Blind Method; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15891249
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-9740.2005.04279.x -
ELife Aug 2022Single-cell technologies (RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry) are critical tools to reveal how cell heterogeneity impacts developmental pathways. The placenta is a fetal...
Full spectrum flow cytometry reveals mesenchymal heterogeneity in first trimester placentae and phenotypic convergence in culture, providing insight into the origins of placental mesenchymal stromal cells.
Single-cell technologies (RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry) are critical tools to reveal how cell heterogeneity impacts developmental pathways. The placenta is a fetal exchange organ, containing a heterogeneous mix of mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, perivascular, and progenitor cells). Placental mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSC) are also routinely isolated, for therapeutic and research purposes. However, our understanding of the diverse phenotypes of placental mesenchymal lineages, and their relationships remain unclear. We designed a 23-colour flow cytometry panel to assess mesenchymal heterogeneity in first-trimester human placentae. Four distinct mesenchymal subsets were identified; CD73CD90 mesenchymal cells, CD146CD271 perivascular cells, podoplaninCD36 stromal cells, and CD26CD90 myofibroblasts. CD73CD90 and podoplanin + CD36+ cells expressed markers consistent with cultured pMSCs, and were explored further. Despite their distinct ex-vivo phenotype, in culture CD73CD90 cells and podoplaninCD36 cells underwent phenotypic convergence, losing CD271 or CD36 expression respectively, and homogenously exhibiting a basic MSC phenotype (CD73CD90CD31CD144CD45). However, some markers (CD26, CD146) were not impacted, or differentially impacted by culture in different populations. Comparisons of cultured phenotypes to pMSCs further suggested cultured pMSCs originate from podoplaninCD36 cells. This highlights the importance of detailed cell phenotyping to optimise therapeutic capacity, and ensure use of relevant cells in functional assays.
Topics: Adapalene; Biomarkers; CD146 Antigen; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; Female; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Phenotype; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Thy-1 Antigens
PubMed: 35920626
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.76622 -
Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR Mar 2016To explore the possible mechanism of the third-generation retinoic acid drugs (isotretinoin, acitretin, adapalene) in inducing skin and mucosa dryness and rhagades;...
To explore the possible mechanism of the third-generation retinoic acid drugs (isotretinoin, acitretin, adapalene) in inducing skin and mucosa dryness and rhagades; specifically, mechanism by which these drugs influence keratinocyte cell culture models in vitro (HaCaT) and aquaporin channel (AQP3) protein expression was investigated. Isotretinoin, acitretin, and adapalene were applied to human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were used to detect their effects on AQP3 expression in HaCaT cells at different concentrations (0.000, 0.001, 0.010, 0.060, and 0.100 mg/mL) or different at times (0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h). At 0.010 mg/mL, maximal AQP3 expression was observed in HaCaT cells; this was significantly higher than the expressions at the other concentrations (P < 0.05). After treatment with isotretinoin, acitretin, or adapalene at 0.010 mg/mL for 12 h, the expression of AQP3 was the highest in the isotretinoin group, followed by the acitretin group, with the lowest expression in the adapalene group. However, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Retinoic acid can increase AQP3 expression in HaCaT cells, with significant effects observed with 0.010 mg/mL isotretinoin treatment for 12 h. The side effects, namely skin and mucosa dryness caused by retinoic acid might be related to its effects on AQP3 expression.
Topics: Acitretin; Adapalene; Aquaporin 3; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Isotretinoin; Keratinocytes; Tretinoin
PubMed: 26985947
DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15016951 -
Dermatology Online Journal Nov 2017The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the use of metformin as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne in those not diagnosed with... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate the use of metformin as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne in those not diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or androgen excess. The authors conducted independent literature searches. Results were limited to clinical trials and randomized controlled trials. Studies with participants diagnosed with moderateto-severe acne vulgaris taking metformin versus placebo or other active treatment were included;studies with participants diagnosed with PCOS or androgen excess were excluded. The authors found three studies consistent with the search guidelines that evaluated the effects of metformin as adjunct therapy in moderate to severe acne vulgaris. In eachstudy, metformin was an effective adjunct therapy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Combined Modality Therapy; Dermatologic Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Lymecycline; Metformin; Tetracycline
PubMed: 29447630
DOI: No ID Found -
Stem Cell Research & Therapy Sep 2022Synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (SM-MPCs) are a promising candidate for the cell-based treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) considering their in vitro...
Synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells from osteoarthritic joints in dogs possess lower chondrogenic-, and higher osteogenic capacity compared to normal joints.
BACKGROUND
Synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (SM-MPCs) are a promising candidate for the cell-based treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) considering their in vitro and in vivo capacity for cartilage repair. However, the OA environment may adversely impact their regenerative capacity. There are no studies for canine (c)SM-MPCs that compare normal to OA SM-MPCs, even though dogs are considered a relevant animal model for OA. Therefore, this study compared cSM-MPCs from normal and OA synovial membrane tissue to elucidate the effect of the OA environment on MPC numbers, indicated by CD marker profile and colony-forming unit (CFU) capacity, and the impact of the OA niche on tri-lineage differentiation.
METHODS
Normal and OA synovial membrane were collected from the knee joints of healthy dogs and dogs with rupture of the cruciate ligaments. The synovium was assessed by histopathological OARSI scoring and by RT-qPCR for inflammation/synovitis-related markers. The presence of cSM-MPCs in the native tissue was further characterized with flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry, using the MPC markers; CD90, CD73, CD44, CD271, and CD34. Furthermore, cells isolated upon enzymatic digestion were characterized by CFU capacity, and a population doublings assay. cSM-MPCs were selected based on plastic adherence, expanded to passage 2, and evaluated for the expression of MPC-related surface markers and tri-lineage differentiation capacity.
RESULTS
Synovial tissue collected from the OA joints had a significantly higher OARSI score compared to normal joints, and significantly upregulated inflammation/synovitis markers S100A8/9, IL6, IL8, and CCL2. Both normal and OA synovial membrane contained cells displaying MPC properties, including a fibroblast-like morphology, CFU capacity, and maintained MPC marker expression over time during expansion. However, OA cSM-MPCs were unable to differentiate towards the chondrogenic lineage and had low adipogenic capacity in contrast to normal cSM-MPCs, whereas they possessed a higher osteogenic capacity. Furthermore, the OA synovial membrane contained significantly lower percentages of CD90+, CD44+, CD34+, and CD271+ cells.
CONCLUSIONS
The OA environment had adverse effects on the regenerative potential of cSM-MPCs, corroborated by decreased CFU, population doubling, and chondrogenic capacity compared to normal cSM-MPCs. OA cSM-MPCs may be a less optimal candidate for the cell-based treatment of OA than normal cSM-MPCs.
Topics: Adapalene; Animals; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Dogs; Inflammation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Osteoarthritis; Synovial Membrane; Synovitis; Thy-1 Antigens
PubMed: 36064441
DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03144-z -
Dermatology and Therapy Jun 2018Scarring is an unfortunate clinical outcome of acne. Current treatment options for atrophic acne scars are dominated by non-pharmacological, invasive procedures which...
INTRODUCTION
Scarring is an unfortunate clinical outcome of acne. Current treatment options for atrophic acne scars are dominated by non-pharmacological, invasive procedures which may not be suitable or affordable to all patients. This phase II, single-center, open-label, exploratory study assessed the efficacy, safety and subject-reported outcomes of adapalene 0.3% gel in the treatment of atrophic acne scars.
METHODS
The study included subjects aged 18-50 years with past history of acne and moderate to severe facial atrophic acne scars. Subjects received adapalene 0.3% gel once daily for the first 4 weeks and twice daily for the following 20 weeks. Assessments were performed at baseline, day 10 and weeks 4, 8, 16 and 24, and at post-treatment follow-ups (weeks 36 and 48-72).
RESULTS
At week 24, investigator and subject assessments reported improvement in skin texture/atrophic scars in 50% and > 80% of subjects, respectively. Subjects were satisfied with the treatment and reported improvements in quality of life.
CONCLUSION
Daily use of adapalene 0.3% gel for the treatment of atrophic acne scars showed promising clinical efficacy, a favorable tolerability profile, and improvement in quality of life.
FUNDING
Nestlé Skin Health-Galderma R&D.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01213199.
PubMed: 29549598
DOI: 10.1007/s13555-018-0231-8 -
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2016After cessation of successful initial acne therapy, patients often experience flares. Consecutive maintenance treatment after successful induction therapy is promoted by... (Review)
Review
After cessation of successful initial acne therapy, patients often experience flares. Consecutive maintenance treatment after successful induction therapy is promoted by guidelines; however, little is known about the efficacy/safety of different maintenance regimens. A systematic review on acne maintenance treatments was conducted. We identified 5 randomized controlled trials [RCTs; adapalene vs. vehicle or vs. no treatment (3 RCTs), adapalene/benzoyl peroxide (BPO) vs. vehicle, combination/monotherapy of minocycline (systemic)/tazarotene/placebo] and 3 non-RCTs on systemic isotretinoin, adapalene/BPO and azelaic acid. The results of adapalene versus vehicle/no treatment varied depending on the reported outcome. The 'number of patients maintaining at least 50% improvement' counting inflammatory lesions/non-inflammatory lesions with adapalene was superior to vehicle (risk ratio, RR 1.24, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.08-1.43/RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.18-1.59). However, no significant differences were found in 2 of 3 RCTs for maintaining 'clear/almost clear' or 'mild acne' or on the global grading score. For the combination regimens of minocycline/tazarotene/placebo, no significant differences were found. Adapalene/BPO was superior to vehicle counting inflammatory lesions/non-inflammatory lesions (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.31-1.99; RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.44-2.26). Due to the scarcity of studies, few conclusions can be drawn. More homogeneous outcome measures and specific maintenance study designs may lead to more robust findings.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Administration, Cutaneous; Benzoyl Peroxide; Dermatologic Agents; Gels; Humans; Isotretinoin; Nicotinic Acids; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27220773
DOI: 10.1159/000446069