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Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Jun 2020Aeromonas are bacteria widely distributed in the environment, and some species are able to cause infections in humans, of which diarrhea is the most common. The...
Aeromonas are bacteria widely distributed in the environment, and some species are able to cause infections in humans, of which diarrhea is the most common. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance associated characteristics in A. veronii biovar sobria strain 312M isolated from diarrheal stools. For this, the genome sequencing and phenotypical tests were performed. The draft genome annotation revealed several complete pathways associated with carbon metabolism and a mucin-desulfating sulfatase which may contribute to intestine colonization, and a large number of virulence-associated genes encoding structures associated with adhesion, toxins, and secretion systems. The strain exhibited swimming and swarming motility, biofilm formation, and hemolytic activity. It was resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Although a cphA gene encoding a narrow-spectrum carbapenase was identified in the strain genome, no carbapenemase activity was detected in the antimicrobial susceptibility test. When compared with other A. veronii with complete genomes, the main differences in virulence characteristics are related to lateral flagella and type III and VI secretion systems; the antimicrobial resistance spectrum also varied among strains. The results indicated that A. veronii biovar sobria 312M presents high virulence potential and resistance to limited classes of antimicrobials.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Diarrhea; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Feces; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Virulence; Virulence Factors; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 31707718
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00180-5 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Aug 2023The objective of this study was to understand biological characteristics of one bacteria strain named as VPG which was isolated from multiple organs of a dead captive...
The objective of this study was to understand biological characteristics of one bacteria strain named as VPG which was isolated from multiple organs of a dead captive giant panda cub. Here, we use biochemical tests, 16S rRNA and genes for bacterial identification, the disk diffusion method for antibiotic resistance phenotype, smart chip real-time PCR for the antibiotic resistance genotype, multiplex PCR for determination of virulence genes, and the acute toxicity test in mice for testing the pathogenicity of isolates. The isolate was identified as strain based on the biochemical properties and genetic analysis. We found that the strain carried 31 antibiotic resistance genes, revealed antimicrobial resistance phenotypically to several antibiotics including penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, imipenem, and vancomycin, and carried virulence genes including , , , , , , and . The main pathological changes in giant panda were congestion, necrotic lesions and a large number of bacteria in multiple organs. In addition, the LD in Kunming mice infected with strain VGP was 5.14 × 10 CFU/mL by intraperitoneal injection. Infection with strain VGP led to considerable histological lesions such as hemorrhage of internal organs, necrosis of lymphocytes and neurons in Kunming mice. Taken together, these results suggest that infection with strain VGP would be an important causes of death in this giant panda cub.
PubMed: 37685043
DOI: 10.3390/ani13172779 -
BMC Genomics Feb 2024DNA N6-methyladenosine (6mA), as an important epigenetic modification, widely exists in bacterial genomes and participates in the regulation of toxicity, antibiotic...
BACKGROUND
DNA N6-methyladenosine (6mA), as an important epigenetic modification, widely exists in bacterial genomes and participates in the regulation of toxicity, antibiotic resistance, and antioxidant. With the continuous development of sequencing technology, more 6mA sites have been identified in bacterial genomes, but few studies have focused on the distribution characteristics of 6mA at the whole-genome level and its association with gene expression and function.
RESULTS
This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the 6mA in the genomes of two pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas veronii and Helicobacter pylori. The results showed that the 6mA was widely distributed in both strains. In A. veronii, 6mA sites were enriched at 3' end of protein-coding genes, exhibiting a certain inhibitory effect on gene expression. Genes with low 6mA density were associated with cell motility. While in H. pylori, 6mA sites were enriched at 5' end of protein-coding genes, potentially enhancing gene expression. Genes with low 6mA density were closely related to defense mechanism.
CONCLUSIONS
This study elucidated the distribution characteristics of 6mA in A. veronii and H. pylori, highlighting the effects of 6mA on gene expression and function. These findings provide valuable insights into the epigenetic regulation and functional characteristics of A. veronii and H. pylori.
Topics: Helicobacter pylori; Epigenesis, Genetic; Aeromonas veronii; DNA; Adenosine; DNA Methylation
PubMed: 38331763
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10074-y -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Jan 2023Aeromonas spp. are widely distributed in surface water, sewage, untreated and chlorinated, drinking water, as well as meats, fish, shellfish, poultry, and their... (Review)
Review
Aeromonas spp. are widely distributed in surface water, sewage, untreated and chlorinated, drinking water, as well as meats, fish, shellfish, poultry, and their products. A disease caused by Aeromonas spp. is designated as aeromoniasis. It can affect different aquatic animals, mammals, and birds in different geographic regions. Moreover, gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal disease conditions may be provoked in humans as a result of food poising with Aeromonas spp. Some Aeromonas spp. have been identified, however, Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila), A. caviae, and A. veronii bv sobria may be of public health significance. Aeromonas spp. are members of family Aeromonadaceae and genus Aeromonas. They are Gram-negative rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic, and oxidase and catalase-positive bacteria. The pathogenicity of Aeromonas in different hosts is mediated by several virulence factors such as endotoxins, cytotoxic enterotoxin, cytotoxins, hemolysins, adhesins, and extracellular enzymes such as proteases, amylases, lipases, ADP-ribosyltransferases, and DNases. Most avian species are susceptible to either natural or experimental infections with Aeromonas spp. Infection usually arises through feacal-oral route. Traveler's diarrhea as well as other systemic and local infections are the clinical picture of food poisoning associated with aeromoniasis in humans. Despite Aeromonas spp. being sensitive to various antimicrobials, multiple drug resistance has been commonly reported worldwide. Accordingly, this review highlights aeromoniasis in poultry regarding Aeromonas virulence factors epidemiology, pathogenicity, zoonosis, and antimicrobial resistance.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Diarrhea; Poultry; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Travel; Bacterial Infections; Aeromonas; Virulence Factors; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Mammals
PubMed: 36795920
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.17186 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Nov 2023Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were screened from (red sea bass), and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against two species isolated from the , namely, (AV)...
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were screened from (red sea bass), and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated against two species isolated from the , namely, (AV) and (AJ). Three LAB isolates, MU8 (EF_8), MU2 (EFL_2), and MU9 (EFL_9), were found to inhibit both AV and AJ; however, their cell-free supernatant (CFS) did not do so. Interestingly, bacteriocin-like substances (BLS) induced by cocultures of EF_8 with AV exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against both sp. The size of BLS was less than 1.0 kDa; the purified BLS were susceptible to proteinase K digestion, indicating that they are peptides. BLS contained 13 identified peptides derived from as determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Cocultures of Gram-positive-producing and -inducing LAB strains have been used to increase bacteriocin yields. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing inducible BLS produced by cocultures of Gram-positive-producing and Gram-negative-inducing strains.
Topics: Enterococcus faecium; Bacteriocins; Aeromonas veronii; Coculture Techniques; Aeromonas; Peptides; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37779478
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04019 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2020Small protein B(SmpB) cooperates with transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA) for -translation to ensure the quality control of protein synthesis in prokaryotes. Furthermore,...
Small protein B(SmpB) cooperates with transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA) for -translation to ensure the quality control of protein synthesis in prokaryotes. Furthermore, they regulate cell metabolism separately. According to research, SmpB functions as a transcription factor, and tmRNA acts as a small RNA. Purine pathway has been reported to be related to trimethoprim resistance, including hypoxanthine synthesis, adenosine metabolism and guanosine metabolism. Another reason of drug tolerance is the efflux pump of the bacterium. In transcriptomic data, it was shown that the expression of some related enzymes in adenosine metabolism were raised significantly in deletion strain than that of wild type, which led to the differential trimethoprim resistance of (. Furthermore, the metabolic products of adenosine AMP, cAMP, and deoxyadenosine were accumulated significantly. However, the expressions of the enzymes related to hypoxanthine synthesis and guanosine metabolism were elevated significantly in , which eventually caused an augmented metabolic product xanthine. In addition, the deletion of also affected the significant downregulations of efflux pump . The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were overall decreased after the trimethoprim treatment to the wild type, Δ and Δ. And the difference in sensitivity between Δ and Δ was evident. The MIC of Δ was descended significantly than those of wild type and Δ in M9 medium supplemented with 1 mM adenosine, illustrating that the adenosine metabolism pathway was principally influenced by SmpB. Likewise, the strain Δ conferred more sensitivity than wild type and Δ in M9 medium supplemented with 1mM guanosine. By overexpressing /, the tolerance to trimethoprim was partially recovered in Δ. These results revealed that SmpB and tmRNA acted on different branches in purine metabolism, conferring the diverse trimethoprim resistance to . This study suggests that the -translation system might be an effective target in clinical treatment of and other multi-antibiotic resistance bacteria with trimethoprim.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Protein Biosynthesis; Purines; RNA, Bacterial; Trimethoprim Resistance
PubMed: 32547961
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00239 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Feb 2023The genomes of seven Aeromonas veronii strains isolated from tissues of healthy or diseased channel catfish obtained from Alabama, USA, fish farms were sequenced and...
The genomes of seven Aeromonas veronii strains isolated from tissues of healthy or diseased channel catfish obtained from Alabama, USA, fish farms were sequenced and annotated. These genome sequences will enable comparative analyses to determine the roles these bacteria play in catfish aquaculture and the development of new preventative or management strategies.
PubMed: 36700629
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01231-22 -
BMC Genomics Feb 2022Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative rod-shaped motile bacterium that inhabits mainly freshwater environments. A. veronii is a pathogen of aquatic animals, causing...
BACKGROUND
Aeromonas veronii is a Gram-negative rod-shaped motile bacterium that inhabits mainly freshwater environments. A. veronii is a pathogen of aquatic animals, causing diseases in fish. A. veronii is also an emerging human enteric pathogen, causing mainly gastroenteritis with various severities and also often being detected in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, limited information is available on the genomic information of A. veronii strains that cause human gastrointestinal diseases. Here we sequenced, assembled and analysed 25 genomes (one complete genome and 24 draft genomes) of A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases using combine sequencing technologies from Illumina and Oxford Nanopore. We also conducted comparative analysis of genomes of 168 global A. veronii strains isolated from different sources.
RESULTS
We found that most of the A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases were closely related to each other, and the remaining were closely related to strains from other sources. Nearly 300 putative virulence factors were identified. Aerolysin, microbial collagenase and multiple hemolysins were present in all strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases. Type III Secretory System (T3SS) in A. veronii was in AVI-1 genomic island identified in this study, most likely acquired via horizontal transfer from other Aeromonas species. T3SS was significantly less present in A. veronii strains isolated from patients with gastrointestinal diseases as compared to strains isolated from fish and domestic animals.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides novel information on source of infection and virulence of A. veronii in human gastrointestinal diseases.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Fish Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Genome, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Virulence
PubMed: 35227192
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08402-1 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Dec 2021Aeromonas veronii can cause infections in humans and a wide variety of aquatic and terrestrial animals as well as causing serious economic losses in aquaculture...
OBJECTIVES
Aeromonas veronii can cause infections in humans and a wide variety of aquatic and terrestrial animals as well as causing serious economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. Aeromonas veronii strain JC529 was isolated from an infected common carp in a fish pond in Jilin Province. In this study, we identified the multidrug resistance genes and traced the source of the strain in order to lay the foundation for research on the resistance mechanisms of other Aeromonas isolates.
METHODS
The isolated strain was sequenced using PacBio RS II and Illumina HiSeq 4000 platforms. Corrected reads were assembled using Celera and Falcon software and genes were predicted using Glimmer software. Seven databases were used for general function annotation. Virulence factors and resistance genes were identified based on the core data set in the VFDB and ARDB databases. Concurrently, 68 publicly available A. veronii genomes (including A. veronii JC529) were compared to reveal the clustering relationship of JC529.
RESULTS
Aeromonas veronii strain JC529 has a circular chromosome of 4 834 659 bp with a GC content of 59.64%, including 4264 protein-coding genes, 2 prophages, 482 virulence factors and 27 antibiotic resistance genes, indicating that strain JC529 is a multidrug-resistant strain. The phylogenetic tree showed that strains JC529 and NS, PDB, AG5.28.6 and VCK1 appear to be inherited from a common ancestor and affect aquaculture in China and Greece.
CONCLUSION
Strain JC529 is a multidrug-resistant A. veronii strain and has been inherited from a common ancestor with Greece.
Topics: Aeromonas veronii; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carps; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Phylogeny
PubMed: 34508865
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.08.007 -
Veterinary Research Forum : An... 2018The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify the pathogenic agents in (Pallas, 1771) and (Linnaeus, 1758) reared in the south of Fars province, Iran...
The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify the pathogenic agents in (Pallas, 1771) and (Linnaeus, 1758) reared in the south of Fars province, Iran which have shown infectious disease signs. Samples from spleen and kidney of 32 fishes showing septicemia symptoms such as decreasing of appetite, unbalanced swimming, expanded wounds, and petechia on the body surfaces, pectoral fins rot, visceral hemorrhage, bleeding on the spleen, and heart ascites were collected. Then samples were cultured on brain heart infusion agar growth media, stain and biological and biochemical tests on purified bacteria were performed. On the other hand, 16S rDNA region of the isolated organism was amplified using PCR. The amplified gene fragment was sequenced and evolutionary history was inferred by phylogenetic tree construction using neighbor-joining method. Results indicated that two bacterial species including which isolated from the kidney of stellate sturgeon (43.00%), and which isolated from the spleen of both sturgeon species (75.00% and 31.00% from beluga and stellate sturgeon, respectively), were recognized. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that Fars isolated organisms including and had highest similarity with and isolated from France, respectively.
PubMed: 30065799
DOI: 10.30466/VRF.2018.30826