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Journal of Graduate Medical Education Apr 2017
Topics: Alprostadil; Internship and Residency; Pipemidic Acid
PubMed: 28439366
DOI: 10.4300/JGME-D-16-00850.1 -
The Journal of Urology Jun 1995
Topics: Alprostadil; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Pelvis; Perineum; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 7752330
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)67325-7 -
The Journal of Urology Jun 1994
Topics: Alprostadil; Blood Flow Velocity; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Penile Erection; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 8189564
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)35294-1 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2018To investigate the effect of papaverine and alprostadil on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of papaverine and alprostadil on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 40 male Wistar-Albino rats were used in this study. Four hours of right testicular torsion was applied to each group, excluding sham operated group. The torsion-detorsion (T/D), T/D + papaverine and T/D + alprostadil groups received saline, papaverine and alprostadil at the same time as surgical detorsion, respectively. At 14 days after the surgical detorsion, ischaemic changes and the degree of damage were evaluated with Cosentino scoring and the Johnson tubular biopsy score (JTBS).
RESULTS
JTBS was determined as 8.8±2.7 in the Sham group, 5.08±1.9 in the T/ D+papaverine group, 5.29±2.3 in the T/D +alprostadil group and 2.86±1.9 in the TD group. The JTBS was determined to be statistically significantly high in both the T/D + papaverine group and the T/D + alprostadil group compared to the T/D group (p=0.01, p=0.009). In the T/D + papaverine group, 3 (43 %) testes were classified as Cosentino 2, 3 (43%) as Cosentino 3 and 1 (14 %) as Cosentino 4. In the T/D +alprostadil group, 5 (50 %) testes were classified as Cosentino 2, 3 (30 %) as Cosentino 3 and 2 (20%) as Cosentino 4.
CONCLUSION
The present study indicated that spermatic cord administration of alprostadil and papaverine showed a protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury after right-side testes torsion and histological changes were decreased after testicular ischemia reperfusion injury.
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Biopsy; Ischemia; Male; Papaverine; Protective Agents; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion Injury; Reproducibility of Results; Severity of Illness Index; Spermatic Cord Torsion; Testis; Treatment Outcome; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 29617080
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2017.0600 -
Cancer Letters Jun 2014The anticancer activity of n-3 fatty acids, especially those derived from fish, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid) (DHA), has been studied for... (Review)
Review
The anticancer activity of n-3 fatty acids, especially those derived from fish, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid) (DHA), has been studied for centuries. While there is a growing body of evidence that EPA and DHA may influence cancer initiation and development through targeting multiple events of tumor development, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these activities are still not fully understood. A number of studies have suggested that the anticancer activities of EPA and DHA are associated with their effects on eicosanoid metabolism by which they inhibit prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. In contrast to DHA, EPA can function as a substrate for cyclooxygenases (COXs) to synthesize unique 3-series prostaglandin compounds, especially PGE3. With advance technology in mass spectrometry, there is renewed interest in studying the role of PGE3 in EPA elicited anti-proliferative activity in various cancers, with some promising results. Here, we summarize the regulation of PGE3 synthesis in cancer cells and its role in EPA elicited anticancer activity. The development of PGE3 and its metabolites as potential biomarkers for future clinical evaluation of EPA and fish oil in cancer care is discussed.
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dinoprostone; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Group IV Phospholipases A2; Humans; Neoplasms; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 24657656
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.03.010 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Oct 2023Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability. Since the currently used treatment option of reperfusion therapy has several limitations, ongoing... (Review)
Review
Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability. Since the currently used treatment option of reperfusion therapy has several limitations, ongoing research is focusing on the neuroprotective effects of microglia and stem cells. By exerting the bystander effect, secreting exosomes and forming biobridges, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells (Muse cells) have been shown to stimulate neurogenesis, angiogenesis, cell migration, and reduce neuroinflammation. Exosome-based therapy is now being extensively researched due to its many advantageous properties over cell therapy, such as lower immunogenicity, no risk of blood vessel occlusion, and ease of storage and modification. However, although preclinical studies have shown promising therapeutic outcomes, clinical trials have been associated with several translational challenges. This review explores the therapeutic effects of preconditioned microglia as well as various factors secreted in stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles with their mechanisms of action explained. Furthermore, an overview of preclinical and clinical studies is presented, explaining the main challenges of microglia and stem cell therapies, and providing potential solutions. In particular, a highlight is the use of novel stem cell therapy of Muse cells, which bypasses many of the conventional stem cell limitations. The paper concludes with suggestions for directions in future neuroprotective research.
Topics: Humans; Microglia; Ischemic Stroke; Stroke; Alprostadil; Mesenchymal Stem Cells
PubMed: 37919085
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2810269 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2018
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Ischemia; Male; Papaverine; Rats; Reperfusion Injury; Testis
PubMed: 29792653
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2017.0600.1 -
American Journal of Respiratory and... Jul 2022
Topics: Alprostadil; Double-Blind Method; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Pilot Projects; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 35579662
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202204-0669ED -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Dec 2013Constipation is a common medical problem and when standard laxatives fail it can be difficult to treat. Different aetiologies require tailored therapeutic approaches.... (Review)
Review
Constipation is a common medical problem and when standard laxatives fail it can be difficult to treat. Different aetiologies require tailored therapeutic approaches. Simple constipation may only require dietary manipulation while severe neurological or slow transit constipation may need pharmacologic intervention. Recently new drug therapies have been introduced. PubMed and Ovid were searched for reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analysis published since 2003 using the terms: constipation, prucalopride, linaclotide and lubiprostone. This review summarizes potential novel therapies identified as effective in the management of chronic constipation. Prucalopride is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonist. The prucalopride study was in patients, largely women with idiopathic constipation showed improved spontaneous complete bowel movement (SCBM) at a dose of 2 mg a day with few adverse events reported. Linaclotide is a 14-amino acid peptide guanylate cyclase-C agonist. The linaclotide study was carried out in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, constipation group (IBS-C). There was significant improvement of bowel evacuation and symptom resolution in patients on the active treatment arm. Lubiprostone activates type-2 chloride channels, increasing intestinal fluid secretion. In the trials of this drug, the lubiprostone arms had a greater mean number of SCBM. The novel therapies, prucalopride, lubiprostone, and linaclotide had very different modes of action yet, all three have been shown to be efficacious and safe in the treatment dose for constipation.
Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Benzofurans; Calcium Channel Agonists; Constipation; Defecation; Enzyme Activators; Gastrointestinal Agents; Gastrointestinal Motility; Humans; Lubiprostone; Peptides; Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Agonists; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24363515
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i45.8247 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Feb 2018Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is used to keep the ductus arteriosus patent and can be life-saving in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions. PGE1 is used to promote... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is used to keep the ductus arteriosus patent and can be life-saving in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions. PGE1 is used to promote mixing of pulmonary and systemic blood flow or improve pulmonary or systemic circulations, prior to balloon atrial septostomy or surgery. PGE1 therapy may cause several short-term and long-term adverse effects. The efficacy and safety of PGE1 in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions has not been systematically reviewed.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the efficacy and safety of both short-term (< 120 hours) and long-term (≥120 hours) PGE1 therapy in maintaining patency of the ductus arteriosus and decreasing mortality in ductal-dependent cardiac lesions.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the literature in October 2017, using the search strategy recommended by Cochrane Neonatal. We searched electronic databases (CENTRAL (in the Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase); abstracts of the Pediatric Academic Societies; websites for registered trials at www.clinicaltrials.gov and www.controlled-trials.com; and in the reference list of identified articles.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomized or quasi-randomized trials using PGE1 at any dose or duration to maintain ductal patency in term or late preterm (≥ 34 weeks' gestation) infants with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions and which reported effectiveness and safety in the short term or long term.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We followed the standard Cochrane methods for conducting a systematic review. Two review authors (SA and MP) independently assessed the titles and abstracts of studies identified by the search strategy to determine eligibility for inclusion. We obtained the full-text version if eligibility could not be done reliably by title and abstract. We resolved any differences by discussion. We designed electronic forms for trial inclusion/exclusion, data extraction, and for requesting additional published information from authors of the original reports.
MAIN RESULTS
Our search did not identify any completed or ongoing trials that met our inclusion criteria.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence from randomized controlled trials to determine the safety and efficacy of PGE1 in neonates with ductal-dependent cardiac lesions. Evidence from observational trials have informed clinical practice on the use of PGE, which is now considered the standard of care for ductal-dependent cardiac lesions. It is unlikely that randomized controlled studies will be performed for this indication but comparative efficacy of newer formulations of PGE1, different doses of PGE1 and studies comparing PGE with PDA stents or other measures to keep the ductus open may be ethical and necessary.
Topics: Alprostadil; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 29486048
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011417.pub2