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Journal of Infection and Public Health Oct 2022Amoebiasis is an intestinal and tissue parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Despite significant medical importance and worldwide... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Amoebiasis is an intestinal and tissue parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Despite significant medical importance and worldwide dispersion, little is known about the epidemiology and distinct geographical distribution of various clinical forms of amoebiasis in the world. In this study, we present an amoebiasis case series referred to Avicenne Hospital (Bobigny, France) from 2010 to 2022 followed by an overview of the released literature to explore diverse clinico-pathology of amoebiasis and to update the actual epidemiological situation of this parasitosis worldwide.
METHODS
The referred patients underwent a combination of clinical and parasitological examinations and imaging. The study was followed by an overview of released literature performed based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline.
RESULTS
A total of 15 patients with amoebiasis were diagnosed with an average age of 48.5 years old at the occurrence time of infection. Men (78%) were the most affected patients. Most of the cases were reported following a trip to endemic regions, such as Mali, India, Nepal, Algeria, Cameroon or Congo. All of the processed patients exhibited a hepatic amoebiasis. Amoebic abscess was observed in all cases with an average size of 6.3 cm. Of these patients, seven cases (46.7%) benefited from drainage following a risk of rupture or superinfection of the abscess. A compilation of findings extracted from 390 scientific publications via seven major medical databases, allowed us to update the main epidemiological and clinical events that has led to the current worldwide expansion of amoebiasis. We presented a clinical and epidemiological overview of the amoebiasis accompanied with a worldwide illustrative map displaying the current distribution of known amoebiasis foci in each geographical ecozone of Asia, Europe, Africa, Americas, and Australia.
CONCLUSIONS
Although Metropolitan France is not known as an endemic region of amoebiasis, amoebic liver abscess was the most frequent clinical form observed among our 15 patients processed. Most of infected patients had a history of travel to or lived-in endemic areas before arriving in France.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Dysentery, Amebic; Amebiasis; Entamoeba histolytica; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Cameroon
PubMed: 36155852
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.08.013 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Oct 2021
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dysentery, Amebic; Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous; Humans
PubMed: 33896868
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.7230-21 -
Trends in Parasitology Jun 2011Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, a disease that is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The potent cytotoxic... (Review)
Review
Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amebiasis, a disease that is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. The potent cytotoxic activity of the parasite appears to underlie disease pathogenesis, although the mechanism is unknown. Recently, progress has been made in determining that the parasite activates apoptosis in target cells and some putative effectors have been identified. Recent studies have also begun to unravel the host genetic determinants that influence infection outcome. Thus, we are beginning to get a clearer picture of how this parasite manages to infect, invade and ultimately inflict devastating tissue destruction.
Topics: Apoptosis; Cell Movement; Chemotaxis; Cysteine Proteases; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Dysentery, Amebic; Entamoeba histolytica; Entamoebiasis; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Ion Channels; Liver Abscess, Amebic; Phosphorylation; Protozoan Proteins; Receptors, Leptin
PubMed: 21440507
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2011.02.006 -
PLoS Pathogens 2013
Review
Topics: Animals; Colon; Dysentery, Amebic; Entamoeba histolytica; Entamoebiasis; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans
PubMed: 23990778
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003489 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 2009Amoebiasis by Entamoeba histolytica is a major public health problem in developing countries and leads to several thousand deaths per year. The parasite invades the... (Review)
Review
Amoebiasis by Entamoeba histolytica is a major public health problem in developing countries and leads to several thousand deaths per year. The parasite invades the intestine (provoking diarrhea and dysentery) and the liver, where it forms abscesses (amoebic liver abscesses [ALAs]). The liver is the organ responsible for filtering blood coming from the intestinal tract, a task that implies a particular structure and immune features. Amoebae use the portal route and break through the sinusoidal endothelial barrier to reach the hepatic parenchyma. When faced with systemic and cell-mediated defenses, trophozoites adapt to their new environment and modulate host responses, leading to parasite survival and the formation of inflammatory foci. Cytopathogenic effects and the onset of inflammation may be caused by diffusible products originating from parasites and/or immune cells either by their secretion or by their release after cell death. Liver infection thus results from the interplay between E. histolytica and hepatic cells. Despite its importance in terms of public health burden, the lack of integrated data on ALA genesis means that we have only an incomplete description of the initiation and development of hepatic amoebiasis. Here, we review the main steps of ALA development as well as the responses triggered in both the host and the parasite. Transcriptome studies highlighted parasite factors involved in adherence to human cells, cytopathogenic effects, and adaptative and stress responses. An understanding of their role in ALA development will help to unravel the host-pathogen interactions and their evolution throughout the infection.
Topics: Animals; Entamoeba histolytica; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Liver Abscess, Amebic
PubMed: 19136434
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00029-08 -
The Journal of International Medical... May 2020Amebiasis is a frequently occurring parasitic infection in South East Asia. We present a case of a 54-year-old man with right lower quadrant abdominal pain that...
Amebiasis is a frequently occurring parasitic infection in South East Asia. We present a case of a 54-year-old man with right lower quadrant abdominal pain that persisted for longer than 1 year. He had been diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease in Indonesia. His abdominal pain persisted, despite therapy, and he visited Malaysia for transnational medical advice. Abdominal ultrasound showed fatty liver, gallbladder polyps, and a small left renal stone. Colonoscopy showed multiple ulcers in the cecum and a histopathological examination confirmed amebic infection of the cecum. The colonic ulcers subsided after anti-amebic treatment. This case highlights the need to consider the differential diagnosis of amebic colitis in patients presenting with manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, especially in patients who live in or have traveled to endemic areas.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Amebiasis; Cecum; Colonic Diseases; Colonoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Dysentery, Amebic; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Ulcer; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 32475192
DOI: 10.1177/0300060520922379 -
California Medicine Jan 1951In fifteen cases of amebiasis masquerading as appendicitis, the important findings were nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, pain in the right lower quadrant of the...
In fifteen cases of amebiasis masquerading as appendicitis, the important findings were nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and leukocytosis. Amebiasis ought to be considered and appropriate studies carried out in differential diagnosis of cases in which symptoms indicate acute, subacute or "chronic" appendicitis. Depending on indications, the studies should include radiography with barium enema, sigmoidoscopy, complement fixation test, a minimum of nine stool examinations, a stool culture, and examination of purged stools unless this is contraindicated.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Acute Disease; Amebiasis; Appendicitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dysentery, Amebic; Fever; Humans; Leukocytosis; Nausea; Pain; Vomiting
PubMed: 14792377
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Jun 1957
Topics: Amebiasis; Dysentery, Amebic; Humans; Liver Abscess, Amebic
PubMed: 13426624
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5031.1343 -
The Indian Medical Gazette Feb 1946
Topics: Amebiasis; Dysentery, Amebic; Humans
PubMed: 20989938
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Nov 1952
Topics: Amebiasis; Dysentery, Amebic; Empyema; Empyema, Pleural; Humans; Pleura
PubMed: 13009594
DOI: No ID Found