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Odontogenic brain abscess due to Anaerococcus prevotii infections: A case report and review article.International Journal of Surgery Case... Aug 2022Odontogenic brain abscess is a rare case primarily caused by normal flora such as Anaerococcus prevotii.
BACKGROUND
Odontogenic brain abscess is a rare case primarily caused by normal flora such as Anaerococcus prevotii.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 60-years-old Indonesian female complained of severe left side headaches, hearing loss, a decrease of consciousness, several episodes of nausea and vomiting, and hemiparesis dextra for 5 days. Three months previously, she performed dental operative procedures on the left side of the first and second lower molar and debridement of phlegmon on the left side of the mouth. Head CT scan suggests multiple brain abscesses or high-grade glioma, non-communicating hydrocephalus and suggestive mastoiditis. The patient underwent excision surgery and abscess culture, which resulted in Anaerococcus prevotii. The patient received a metronidazole antibiotic, and on the seventh day, his condition improved.
DISCUSSION
Identifying bacterial infection in the brain abscess is crucial for effective treatment. Abscess removal in the brain and antibiotics are treatments for brain abscesses.
CONCLUSION
Odontogenic brain abscess caused by Anaerococcus prevotii infection effectiveness with surgical excision and antibiotics.
PubMed: 35905679
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107450 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects gut luminal cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor and disrupts the gut...
OBJECTIVES
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects gut luminal cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor and disrupts the gut microbiome. We investigated whether the gut microbiome in the early stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with the prognosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
METHODS
Thirty COVID-19 patients and 16 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. Blood and stool samples and clinical details were collected on days 0 (enrollment), 7, 14, and 28. Participants were categorized into four groups by their clinical course.
RESULTS
Gut microbiota composition varied during the clinical course of COVID-19 and was closely associated with cytokine levels (=0.003). A high abundance of the genus (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] effect size: 3.97856, =0.004), species (LDA effect size: 4.00551, =0.020), and (LDA effect size: 4.00885, =0.007) was associated with a good prognosis. Starch, sucrose, and galactose metabolism was highly activated in the gut microbiota of the poor prognosis group. Glucose-lowering diets, including whole grains, were positively correlated with a good prognosis.
CONCLUSION
Gut microbiota may mediate the prognosis of COVID-19 by regulating cytokine responses and controlling glucose metabolism, which is implicated in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; SARS-CoV-2; Cytokines; Prognosis; Disease Progression
PubMed: 37051240
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1079277 -
Biomedicines Sep 2022Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomic studies have provided insights into the microbial profile of different body sites. However, research on the...
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and metagenomic studies have provided insights into the microbial profile of different body sites. However, research on the microbial composition of urine is limited, particularly in children. The goal of this study was to optimize and develop reproducible metagenome and virome protocols using a small volume of urine samples collected from healthy children. We collected midstream urine specimens from 40 healthy children. Using the metagenomics shotgun approach, we tested various protocols. Different microbial roots such as Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota, and Viruses were successfully identified using our optimized urine protocol. Our data reflected much variation in the microbial fingerprints of children. Girls had significantly higher levels of Firmicutes, whereas boys had significantly higher levels of Actinobacteria. The genus Anaerococcus dominated the urinary bacteriome of healthy girls, with a significant increase in Anaerococcus prevotii, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Veillonella parvula (p-value < 0.001) when compared with that of boys. An increased relative abundance of Xylanimonas and Arthrobacter, with a significantly high abundance of Arthrobacter sp. FB24 (p-value 0.0028) and Arthrobacter aurescences (p-value 0.015), was observed in boys. The urinary mycobiome showed a significant rise in the genus Malassezia and Malassezia globose fungus (p-value 0.009) in girls, whereas genus Saccharomyces (p-value 0.009) was significantly high in boys. The beta diversity of the urinary mycobiome was found to differ between different age groups. Boys had significantly more Mastadenovirus and Human mastadenovirus-A in their urinary virome than girls. With increasing age, we noticed an increase in the relative abundance of the order Caudovirales. Our optimized protocols allowed us to identify the unique microbes for each sex by using an adequate volume of urine (3−10 mL) to screen for the bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome profiles in the urine of healthy children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to characterize the metagenomics profiles of urine in a healthy pediatric population.
PubMed: 36289674
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102412 -
New Microbes and New Infections May 2020sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3557 is a new species isolated from a stool of a Nigerian child with marasmus. The genome of Marseille-P3557 was 2 130 060 bp long (35.4%...
sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3557 is a new species isolated from a stool of a Nigerian child with marasmus. The genome of Marseille-P3557 was 2 130 060 bp long (35.4% G + C content). The closest species based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequence was strain 20548, with 97.6% sequence similarity. Considering phenotypic features and comparative genome studies, we propose the strain Marseille-P3557 as the type strain of sp. nov., a new species within the genus .
PubMed: 32211195
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100655 -
Standards in Genomic Sciences Sep 2009Anaerococcus prevotii (Foubert and Douglas 1948) Ezaki et al. 2001 is the type species of the genus, and is of phylogenetic interest because of its arguable assignment...
Anaerococcus prevotii (Foubert and Douglas 1948) Ezaki et al. 2001 is the type species of the genus, and is of phylogenetic interest because of its arguable assignment to the provisionally arranged family 'Peptostreptococcaceae'. A. prevotii is an obligate anaerobic coccus, usually arranged in clumps or tetrads. The strain, whose genome is described here, was originally isolated from human plasma; other strains of the species were also isolated from clinical specimen. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first completed genome sequence of a member of the genus. Next to Finegoldia magna, A. prevotii is only the second species from the family 'Peptostreptococcaceae' for which a complete genome sequence is described. The 1,998,633 bp long genome (chromosome and one plasmid) with its 1852 protein-coding and 61 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
PubMed: 21304652
DOI: 10.4056/sigs.24194 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Feb 2021Haematogenous osteomyelitis is an extremely rare disease occurring in adults, especially in developed countries. It is clearly a systemic infection, because bacteraemia...
BACKGROUND
Haematogenous osteomyelitis is an extremely rare disease occurring in adults, especially in developed countries. It is clearly a systemic infection, because bacteraemia spreads over proximal and distal long bones or paravertebral plexuses, resulting in acute or chronic bone infection and destruction.
CASE SUMMARY
A 46-year-old Caucasian male was complaining of a left thigh pain. It is known from the anamnesis that the patient developed severe pneumonia three months ago before the onset of these symptoms. The patient was diagnosed with haematogenous osteomyelitis, which developed a turbulent course and required complex combination therapy. The primary pathogen is thought to be , which caused pneumonia before the onset of signs of osteomyelitis. Unfortunately, due to the complexity of identifying anaerobes and contributing nosocomial infections, the primary pathogen was not extracted immediately. After the manifestation of this disease, pathological fractures occurred in both femurs, as well as purulent processes in the lungs and molars accompanied. The patient received broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and countless amounts of orthopaedic and reconstructive surgeries, but no positive effect was observed. The patient underwent osteosynthesis using an Ilizarov's external fixation apparatus, re-fixations, external AO, debridements, intrame-dullary osteosynthesis with a silver-coated intramedullary nail, abscessotomies. The right femur healed completely after the pathological fracture and osteomyelitis did not recur. Left femur could not be saved due to non-healing, knee contracture and bone destruction. After almost three years of struggle, it was decided to amputate the left limb, after which the signs of osteomyelitis no longer appeared.
CONCLUSION
To sum it all up, complicated or chronic osteomyelitis requires surgery to remove the infected tissue and bone. Osteomyelitis surgery prevents the infection from spreading further or getting even worse up to such condition that amputation is the only option left.
PubMed: 33585629
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i4.830 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024Acne is a prevalent dermatological disease, with high global incidence, and is a health menace. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize the anaerobic...
Acne is a prevalent dermatological disease, with high global incidence, and is a health menace. The current study aimed to isolate and characterize the anaerobic bacteria responsible for the condition. Causes of a total of 70 acne-based bacterium isolates obtained from patients of mild, moderate, and severe acne, 24 were Clostridium innocuum, 21 were Lactobacillus plantarum, 13 were Anaerococcus prevotii, and 12 were Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus. Nearly 69% of males were suffering, while the rest were females at 31%. The 15-30 years old age group was the most affected. The gold/alginate nanoparticles' nanopreparation (GANPs) produced from chloroauric acid and sodium alginate was an effective treatment against the acne conditions under the experimental conditions. The nanopreparation exhibited significant inhibitory activity against anaerobic bacterial isolates, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 200 µg/ml for A. prevotii and P. asaccharolyticus, and 400 µg/ml for C. innocuum and L. plantarum. The in vitro efficacy of the GANPs on human blood parameters was also assessed. The concurrent results suggested potential antibacterial activity and hemocompatibility of the product, which has promise to be used as a successful antibacterial agent for acne.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Alginates; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Acne Vulgaris; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 38523189
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57643-5 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Jul 2003Here, a rapid and reliable two-step multiplex PCR assay for identifying 14 Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) species originally classified in the genus... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Rapid identification of Gram-positive anaerobic coccal species originally classified in the genus Peptostreptococcus by multiplex PCR assays using genus- and species-specific primers.
Here, a rapid and reliable two-step multiplex PCR assay for identifying 14 Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) species originally classified in the genus Peptostreptococcus (Anaerococcus hydrogenalis, Anaerococcus lactolyticus, Anaerococcus octavius, Anaerococcus prevotii, Anaerococcus tetradius, Anaerococcus vaginalis, Finegoldia magna, Micromonas micros, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus, Peptoniphilus harei, Peptoniphilus indolicus, Peptoniphilus ivorii and Peptoniphilus lacrimalis) is reported. Fourteen type strains representing 14 GPAC species were first identified to the genus level by multiplex PCR (multiplex PCR-G). Since three of these genera (Finegoldia, Micromonas and Peptostreptococcus) contain only a single species, F. magna, M. micros and P. anaerobius, respectively, these organisms were identified to the species level directly by using the multiplex PCR-G. Then six species of the genus Anaerococcus (A. hydrogenalis, A. lactolyticus, A. octavius, A. prevotii, A. vaginalis and A. tetradius) were further identified to the species level using multiplex PCR assays (multiplex PCR-Ia and multiplex PCR-Ib). Similarly, five species of the genus Peptoniphilus (Pn. asaccharolyticus, Pn. harei, Pn. indolicus, Pn. ivorii and Pn. lacrimalis) were identified to the species level using multiplex PCR-IIa and multiplex PCR-IIb. The established two-step multiplex PCR identification scheme was applied to the identification of 190 clinical isolates of GPAC species that had been identified previously to the species level by 16S rRNA sequencing and phenotypic tests. The identification obtained from multiplex PCR assays showed 100 % agreement with 16S rDNA sequencing identification, but only 65 % (123/190) agreement with the identification obtained by phenotypic tests. The multiplex PCR scheme established in this study is a simple, rapid and reliable method for the identification of GPAC species. It will permit a more accurate assessment of the role of various GPAC species in infection and of the degree of antimicrobial resistance in each of the group members.
Topics: Base Sequence; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Gram-Positive Cocci; Peptostreptococcus; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sensitivity and Specificity; Species Specificity
PubMed: 12855723
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.26227-0 -
BMC Microbiology Feb 2011Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen representing a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We sequenced the genome of a serotype 11A, ST62...
BACKGROUND
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen representing a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We sequenced the genome of a serotype 11A, ST62 S. pneumoniae invasive isolate (AP200), that was erythromycin-resistant due to the presence of the erm(TR) determinant, and carried out analysis of the genome organization and comparison with other pneumococcal genomes.
RESULTS
The genome sequence of S. pneumoniae AP200 is 2,130,580 base pair in length. The genome carries 2216 coding sequences (CDS), 56 tRNA, and 12 rRNA genes. Of the CDSs, 72.9% have a predicted biological known function. AP200 contains the pilus islet 2 and, although its phenotype corresponds to serotype 11A, it contains an 11D capsular locus. Chromosomal rearrangements resulting from a large inversion across the replication axis, and horizontal gene transfer events were observed. The chromosomal inversion is likely implicated in the rebalance of the chromosomal architecture affected by the insertions of two large exogenous elements, the erm(TR)-carrying Tn1806 and a functional prophage designated φSpn_200. Tn1806 is 52,457 bp in size and comprises 49 ORFs. Comparative analysis of Tn1806 revealed the presence of a similar genetic element or part of it in related species such as Streptococcus pyogenes and also in the anaerobic species Finegoldia magna, Anaerococcus prevotii and Clostridium difficile. The genome of φSpn_200 is 35,989 bp in size and is organized in 47 ORFs grouped into five functional modules. Prophages similar to φSpn_200 were found in pneumococci and in other streptococcal species, showing a high degree of exchange of functional modules. φSpn_200 viral particles have morphologic characteristics typical of the Siphoviridae family and are capable of infecting a pneumococcal recipient strain.
CONCLUSIONS
The sequence of S. pneumoniae AP200 chromosome revealed a dynamic genome, characterized by chromosomal rearrangements and horizontal gene transfers. The overall diversity of AP200 is driven mainly by the presence of the exogenous elements Tn1806 and φSpn_200 that show large gene exchanges with other genetic elements of different bacterial species. These genetic elements likely provide AP200 with additional genes, such as those conferring antibiotic-resistance, promoting its adaptation to the environment.
Topics: Chromosomes, Bacterial; DNA Transposable Elements; DNA, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Annotation; Molecular Sequence Data; Prophages; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Streptococcus pneumoniae
PubMed: 21284853
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-25 -
Microorganisms Mar 2023In ruminant livestock production, ruminal acidosis is an unintended consequence of the elevated dietary intake of starch-rich feedstuffs. The transition from a state of...
In ruminant livestock production, ruminal acidosis is an unintended consequence of the elevated dietary intake of starch-rich feedstuffs. The transition from a state of subacute acidosis (SARA) to acute acidosis is due in large part to the accumulation of lactate in the rumen, which is a consequence of the inability of lactate utilizers to compensate for the increased production of lactate. In this report, we present the 16S rRNA gene-based identification of two bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Bt-01708_Bf (89.0% identical to ) and Bt-01899_Ap (95.3% identical to ), that were enriched from rumen fluid cultures in which only lactate was provided as an exogenous substrate. Analyses of in-silico-predicted proteomes from metagenomics-assembled contigs assigned to these candidate ruminal bacterial species (Bt-01708_Bf: 1270 annotated coding sequences, 1365 hypothetical coding sequences; Bt-01899_Ap: 871 annotated coding sequences, 1343 hypothetical coding sequences) revealed genes encoding lactate dehydrogenase, a putative lactate transporter, as well as pathways for the production of short chain fatty acids (formate, acetate and butyrate) and for the synthesis of glycogen. In contrast to these shared functions, each OTU also exhibited distinct features, such as the potential for the utilization of a diversified set of small molecules as substrates (Bt-01708_Bf: malate, quinate, taurine and polyamines) or for the utilization of starch (Bt-01899_Ap: alpha-amylase enzymes). Together, these results will contribute to the continued characterization of ruminal bacterial species that can metabolize lactate into distinct subgroups based on other metabolic capabilities.
PubMed: 36985231
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030658