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Ugeskrift For Laeger Oct 2022Multiple inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has casuistically been reported in conjunction with retropharyngeal oedema. This case report details the diagnosis and...
Multiple inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has casuistically been reported in conjunction with retropharyngeal oedema. This case report details the diagnosis and treatment of MIS-C in a 13-year-old girl where the initial treatment was targeted against the retropharyngeal oedema. The aim is to highlight the atypical presentation of MIS-C.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Adolescent; Edema; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome
PubMed: 36331318
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Geriatrics Mar 2019Many home-dwelling elderly use medical compression stockings to prevent venous insufficiency, deep venous thrombosis, painful legs and leg ulcers. Assisting users with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Many home-dwelling elderly use medical compression stockings to prevent venous insufficiency, deep venous thrombosis, painful legs and leg ulcers. Assisting users with applying and removing compression stockings demands resources from the home based health services, but the effects are uncertain. This systematic review aims to summarize the effects of preventive use of medical compression stockings for patients with chronic venous insufficiency and swollen legs.
METHODS
We conducted a search in six databases (Epistemonikos, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL) in March 2018. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the preventive effects of European standard compression stockings class 3 or 2 for elderly with chronic venous insufficiency and swollen legs were included. Primary outcomes were thrombosis, leg ulcers and mobility. Secondary outcomes were other health related outcomes, e.g. pain, compliance. We assessed risk of bias in the included studies and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool for evaluating the overall quality of evidence.
RESULTS
Five randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Comparing compression stockings class 2 to class 1, meta-analysis showed a reduction in leg ulcer recurrence at 12 months (RR 0.52; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.88). The quality of evidence was assessed as moderate by GRADE. One study (100 participants) did not detect a difference between compression stockings class 3 versus class 2 on ulcer recurrence after six months (RR 0.64; 95% CI 0.20 to 2.03). In another study, patients wearing class 3 compression stockings had lower recurrence risk compared with patients without stockings (RR 0.46; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.76) at six months and (RR 0.43; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.69) at 12 months. We found no difference between class 2 and class 1 stockings on subjective symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency or outcomes of vein thrombosis or mobility.
CONCLUSION
Compression stockings class 2 probably reduce the risk of leg ulcer recurrence compared to compression stockings class 1. It is uncertain whether the use of stockings with higher compression grades is associated with a further risk reduction. More randomized controlled trials on vein thrombosis and mobility are needed.
Topics: Aged; Edema; Humans; Lower Extremity; Patient Compliance; Stockings, Compression; Treatment Outcome; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 30845919
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1087-1 -
Journal of the American Heart... Nov 2021
Topics: Edema; Humans; Myocardium
PubMed: 34779232
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.121.023731 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 1988Blepharochalasis is an uncommon disorder distinguished by recurrent episodes of eyelid oedema in young patients. A hypertrophic form, manifested as fat herniation, and...
Blepharochalasis is an uncommon disorder distinguished by recurrent episodes of eyelid oedema in young patients. A hypertrophic form, manifested as fat herniation, and an atrophic form, manifested as fat atrophy, have been described. Ptosis with excellent levator function, laxity of the lateral canthal structures with rounding of the lateral canthal angle, nasal fat pad atrophy, and redundant eyelid skin develop after many episodes of eyelid swelling. Fine wrinkling, atrophy, and telangiectasias characterise the excess eyelid skin. We describe four cases of this syndrome in which external levator aponeurosis tuck, blepharoplasty, lateral canthoplasty, and dermis fat grafts were used to correct atrophic blepharochalasis after the syndrome had run its course.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Atrophy; Edema; Eyelid Diseases; Eyelids; Female; Humans
PubMed: 3207663
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.72.11.863 -
International Wound Journal Jun 2015Even though it is estimated that at least 300 000 people in Canada may be affected by chronic oedema/lymphoedema, recognition of the seriousness of this chronic disease... (Review)
Review
Even though it is estimated that at least 300 000 people in Canada may be affected by chronic oedema/lymphoedema, recognition of the seriousness of this chronic disease in health care is scarce. Lymphoedema affects up to 70% of breast and prostate cancer patients, substantially increasing their postoperative medical costs. Adding to this problem are the escalating rates of morbid obesity across North America and the fact that 80% of these individuals are thought to suffer with an element of lymphoedema. The costs related to these patient populations and their consumption of health care resources are alarming. Untreated chronic oedema/lymphoedema is progressive and leads to infection, disfigurement, disability and in some cases even death. Thus, prognosis for the patient is far worse and treatment is more costly when the disease is not identified and treated in the earlier stages. Although the number of individuals coping with chronic oedema/lymphoedema continues to increase, the disparity between diagnosis, treatment and funding across Canada endures. The reasons for this include a lack of public awareness of the condition, insufficient education and knowledge among health care providers regarding aetiology and management and limited financial coverage to support appropriate methods and materials.
Topics: Canada; Chronic Disease; Diagnostic Errors; Disease Management; Edema; Humans; Incidence; Lymphedema
PubMed: 24618210
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12224 -
ESC Heart Failure Apr 2022Myocardial fluid homeostasis relies on a complex interplay between microvascular filtration, interstitial hydration, cardiomyocyte water uptake and lymphatic removal.... (Review)
Review
Myocardial fluid homeostasis relies on a complex interplay between microvascular filtration, interstitial hydration, cardiomyocyte water uptake and lymphatic removal. Dysregulation of one or more of these mechanisms may result in myocardial oedema. Interstitial and intracellular fluid accumulation disrupts myocardial architecture, intercellular communication, and metabolic pathways, decreasing contractility and increasing myocardial stiffness. The widespread use of cardiac magnetic resonance enabled the identification of myocardial oedema as a clinically relevant imaging finding with prognostic implications in several types of heart failure. Furthermore, growing experimental evidence has contributed to a better understanding of the physical and molecular interactions in the microvascular barrier, myocardial interstitium and lymphatics and how they might be disrupted in heart failure. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the factors controlling myocardial water balance in the healthy and failing heart and pinpoint the new potential therapeutic avenues.
Topics: Edema; Heart Failure; Humans; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac
PubMed: 35150087
DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13775 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Jun 2022Since thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome was first proposed in 2010, there has been...
Since thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome was first proposed in 2010, there has been considerable progress in this area, particularly regarding its association with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD). TAFRO syndrome is a heterogeneous category with a constellation of symptoms that can develop in the setting of infection, rheumatologic disorder, malignancy, and iMCD. Now, iMCD with TAFRO symptoms is subtyped as iMCD-TAFRO. However, confusion between TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO remains. In this article, we discuss the current understanding and future research agenda of TAFRO syndrome and iMCD-TAFRO from the perspective of its new validated international definition.
Topics: Castleman Disease; Edema; Fever; Humans; Renal Insufficiency; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 35474036
DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.21037 -
BioMed Research International 2013Lymphedema is a disorder of the lymphatic vascular system characterized by impaired lymphatic return and swelling of the extremities. Lymphedema is divided into primary... (Review)
Review
Lymphedema is a disorder of the lymphatic vascular system characterized by impaired lymphatic return and swelling of the extremities. Lymphedema is divided into primary and secondary forms based on the underlying etiology. Despite substantial advances in both surgical and conservative techniques, therapeutic options for the management of lymphedema are limited. Although rarely lethal, lymphedema is a disfiguring and disabling condition with an associated decrease in the quality of life. The recent impressive expansion of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms governing lymphangiogenesis provides new possibilities for the treatment of lymphedema. This review highlights the lymphatic biology, the pathophysiology of lymphedema, and the therapeutic lymphangiogenesis using hepatocyte growth factor.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Endothelial Cells; Hepatocyte Growth Factor; Humans; Lymphangiogenesis; Lymphatic Vessels; Lymphedema
PubMed: 24222916
DOI: 10.1155/2013/804675 -
Paediatrics and International Child... May 2015It has been argued that the oedema of kwashiorkor is not caused by hypoalbuminaemia because the oedema disappears with dietary treatment before the plasma albumin... (Review)
Review
It has been argued that the oedema of kwashiorkor is not caused by hypoalbuminaemia because the oedema disappears with dietary treatment before the plasma albumin concentration rises. Reanalysis of this evidence and a review of the literature demonstrates that this was a mistaken conclusion and that the oedema is linked to hypoalbuminaemia. This misconception has influenced the recommendations for treating children with severe acute malnutrition. There are close pathophysiological parallels between kwashiorkor and Finnish congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) pre-nephrectomy; both develop protein-energy malnutrition and hypoalbuminaemia, which predisposes them to intravascular hypovolaemia with consequent sodium and water retention, and makes them highly vulnerable to develop hypovolaemic shock with diarrhoea. In CNS this is successfully treated with intravenous albumin boluses. By contrast, the WHO advise the cautious administration of hypotonic intravenous fluids in kwashiorkor with shock, which has about a 50% mortality. It is time to trial intravenous bolus albumin for the treatment of children with kwashiorkor and shock.
Topics: Albumins; Edema; Humans; Hypoalbuminemia; Kwashiorkor; Nephrotic Syndrome
PubMed: 25223408
DOI: 10.1179/2046905514Y.0000000154 -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2014Cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) is a cosmetically disturbing and persistent idiopathic lip swelling. It is one manifestation of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG), which is a... (Review)
Review
Cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) is a cosmetically disturbing and persistent idiopathic lip swelling. It is one manifestation of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG), which is a clinical entity describing facial and oral swelling in the setting of non-caseating granulomatous inflammation and in the absence of systemic disease such as Crohn's disease and sarcoidosis. CG can occur by itself or as part of the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, which includes facial palsy and a plicated tongue. Other proposed causes of OFG include dietary allergens such as cinnamon and benzoates. Similar orofacial swelling may be an early manifestation of Crohn's disease or sarcoidosis, and so clinical history is important in diagnosis. The cause of CG has not been wholly elucidated, but a current hypothesis holds that a random influx of inflammatory cells is responsible. Other granulomatous and edematous causes of lip swelling must be investigated prior to diagnosis. Options for treatment include dietary modifications, antibiotics, systemic or intralesional corticosteroids, and surgery, although treatment is not always necessary. CG should be considered in the differential of persistent lip swelling.
Topics: Edema; Humans; Lip; Male; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome; Middle Aged
PubMed: 24057987
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-013-0488-2