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Anesthesiology Jan 2022The American Society of Anesthesiologists; All India Difficult Airway Association; European Airway Management Society; European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive... (Review)
Review
The American Society of Anesthesiologists; All India Difficult Airway Association; European Airway Management Society; European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care; Italian Society of Anesthesiology, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care; Learning, Teaching and Investigation Difficult Airway Group; Society for Airway Management; Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia; Society for Head and Neck Anesthesia; Society for Pediatric Anesthesia; Society of Critical Care Anesthesiologists; and the Trauma Anesthesiology Society present an updated report of the Practice Guidelines for Management of the Difficult Airway.
Topics: Airway Management; Anesthesiologists; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Societies, Medical; United States
PubMed: 34762729
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004002 -
Anesthesiology Jun 2019Respiratory function is fundamental in the practice of anesthesia. Knowledge of basic physiologic principles of respiration assists in the proper implementation of daily... (Review)
Review
Respiratory function is fundamental in the practice of anesthesia. Knowledge of basic physiologic principles of respiration assists in the proper implementation of daily actions of induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, delivery of mechanical ventilation, discontinuation of mechanical and pharmacologic support, and return to the preoperative state. The current work provides a review of classic physiology and emphasizes features important to the anesthesiologist. The material is divided in two main sections, gas exchange and respiratory mechanics; each section presents the physiology as the basis of abnormal states. We review the path of oxygen from air to the artery and of carbon dioxide the opposite way, and we have the causes of hypoxemia and of hypercarbia based on these very footpaths. We present the actions of pressure, flow, and volume as the normal determinants of ventilation, and we review the resulting abnormalities in terms of changes of resistance and compliance.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesiologists; Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Respiration, Artificial; Respiratory Mechanics; Tidal Volume
PubMed: 30998510
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002666 -
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Feb 2020The number of elderly patients who frequently access health care services is increasing worldwide. While anesthesiologists are developing the expertise to care for these... (Review)
Review
The number of elderly patients who frequently access health care services is increasing worldwide. While anesthesiologists are developing the expertise to care for these elderly patients, areas of concern remain. We conducted a comprehensive search of major international databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane) and a Korean database (KoreaMed) to review preoperative considerations, intraoperative management, and postoperative problems when anesthetizing elderly patients. Preoperative preparation of elderly patients included functional assessment to identify preexisting cognitive impairment or cardiopulmonary reserve, depression, frailty, nutrition, polypharmacy, and anticoagulation issues. Intraoperative management included anesthetic mode and pharmacology, monitoring, intravenous fluid or transfusion management, lung-protective ventilation, and prevention of hypothermia. Postoperative checklists included perioperative analgesia, postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction, and other complications. A higher level of perioperative care was required for older surgical patients, as multiple chronic diseases often makes them prone to developing postoperative complications, including functional decline and loss of independence. Although the guiding evidence remains poor so far, elderly patients have to be provided optimal perioperative care through close interdisciplinary, interprofessional, and cross-sectional collaboration to minimize unwanted postoperative outcomes. Furthermore, along with adequate anesthetic care, well-planned postoperative care should begin immediately after surgery and extend until discharge.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Anesthesiologists; Anesthesiology; Anesthetics; Humans; Perioperative Care; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 31636241
DOI: 10.4097/kja.19391 -
Anesthesiology Feb 2023These practice guidelines are a modular update of the "Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary...
2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting: Carbohydrate-containing Clear Liquids with or without Protein, Chewing Gum, and Pediatric Fasting Duration-A Modular Update of the 2017 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Preoperative...
These practice guidelines are a modular update of the "Practice guidelines for preoperative fasting and the use of pharmacologic agents to reduce the risk of pulmonary aspiration: Application to healthy patients undergoing elective procedures." The guidance focuses on topics not addressed in the previous guideline: ingestion of carbohydrate-containing clear liquids with or without protein, chewing gum, and pediatric fasting duration.
Topics: Humans; Child; Chewing Gum; Anesthesiologists; Preoperative Care; Fasting; Elective Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 36629465
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004381 -
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology... 2021
Topics: Anesthesiologists; Humans; Patient Satisfaction
PubMed: 33716005
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2021.02.028 -
BMC Anesthesiology Aug 2018Palliative care is patient and family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering when "curative" therapies are... (Review)
Review
Palliative care is patient and family-centered care that optimizes quality of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering when "curative" therapies are futile. In the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), critically ill patients receive life-sustaining therapies with the goal of restoring or maintaining organ function. Palliative Care in the ICU is a widely discussed topic and it is increasingly applied in clinics. It encompasses symptoms control and end-of-life management, communication with relatives and setting goals of care ensuring dignity in death and decision-making power. However, effective application of Palliative Care in ICU presupposes specific knowledge and training which anesthesiologists and critical care physicians may lack. Moreover, logistic issues such protocols for patients' selection, application models and triggers for consultation of external experts are still matter of debate.The aim of this review is to provide the anesthesiologists and intensivists an overview of the aims, current evidence and practical advices about the application of palliative care in ICU.
Topics: Anesthesiologists; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Palliative Care; Patient-Centered Care; Physicians; Quality of Life
PubMed: 30111299
DOI: 10.1186/s12871-018-0574-9 -
Anesthesiology Jan 2023These practice guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations on the management of neuromuscular monitoring and antagonism of neuromuscular blocking agents during and...
2023 American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines for Monitoring and Antagonism of Neuromuscular Blockade: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Neuromuscular Blockade.
These practice guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations on the management of neuromuscular monitoring and antagonism of neuromuscular blocking agents during and after general anesthesia. The guidance focuses primarily on the type and site of monitoring and the process of antagonizing neuromuscular blockade to reduce residual neuromuscular blockade.
Topics: Humans; Neuromuscular Blockade; Anesthesiologists; Neuromuscular Monitoring; Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia; Anesthetics
PubMed: 36520073
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004379 -
Anesthesiology Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Neuromuscular Blockade; Anesthesiologists; Wakefulness; Anesthetics
PubMed: 38193736
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004808 -
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology... 2020
Topics: Anesthesiologists; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Operating Rooms; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Singapore; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 32349868
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2020.03.002 -
Anesthesiology Mar 2018
Practice Guidelines for Moderate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia 2018: A Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Moderate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia, the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, American College of Radiology, American Dental...
Topics: Advisory Committees; American Dental Association; Analgesia; Anesthesiologists; Conscious Sedation; Humans; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons; Radiology; Radiology, Interventional; Societies, Medical; United States
PubMed: 29334501
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002043