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Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; Child; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Hypohidrosis
PubMed: 37114574
DOI: No ID Found -
Eye and Brain 2015Horner syndrome consists of unilateral ptosis, an ipsilateral miotic but normally reactive pupil, and in some cases, ipsilateral facial anhidrosis, all resulting from... (Review)
Review
Horner syndrome consists of unilateral ptosis, an ipsilateral miotic but normally reactive pupil, and in some cases, ipsilateral facial anhidrosis, all resulting from damage to the ipsilateral oculosympathetic pathway. Herein, we review the clinical signs and symptoms that can aid in the diagnosis and localization of a Horner syndrome as well as the causes of the condition. We emphasize that pharmacologic testing can confirm its presence and direct further testing and management.
PubMed: 28539793
DOI: 10.2147/EB.S63633 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2022Recent dermatological research has progressed, particularly novel technologies and analytical methodologies, providing great advances in the exploration of previously...
Recent dermatological research has progressed, particularly novel technologies and analytical methodologies, providing great advances in the exploration of previously poorly understood interactions between the skin-the outermost surface of humans-and the external environment [...].
Topics: Dermatitis, Atopic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Hypohidrosis; Skin; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 35886911
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147563 -
Journal of Thoracic Disease Mar 2014Superior sulcus tumors (SSTs), or as otherwise known Pancoast tumors, make up a clinically unique and challenging subset of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCLC).... (Review)
Review
Superior sulcus tumors (SSTs), or as otherwise known Pancoast tumors, make up a clinically unique and challenging subset of non-small cell carcinoma of the lung (NSCLC). Although the outcome of patients with this disease has traditionally been poor, recent developments have contributed to a significant improvement in prognosis of SST patients. The combination of severe and unrelenting shoulder and arm pain along the distribution of the eighth cervical and first and second thoracic nerve trunks, Horner's syndrome (ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis) and atrophy of the intrinsic hand muscles comprises a clinical entity named as "Pancoast-Tobias syndrome". Apart NSCLC, other lesions may, although less frequently, result in Pancoast syndrome. In the current review we will present the main characteristics of the disease and focus on the preoperative assessment.
PubMed: 24672686
DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.12.29 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) May 1992A 20-year-old man presented with generalized acquired anhidrosis and heat intolerance which was confirmed by a sweat test. Other clinical features included severe pain... (Review)
Review
A 20-year-old man presented with generalized acquired anhidrosis and heat intolerance which was confirmed by a sweat test. Other clinical features included severe pain of the extremities and cutaneous angiokeratomas. On electronmicroscopy, granules specific for Fabry's disease were observed in the endothelial cells. Biochemical examination revealed a decreased level of serum alpha-galactosidase A. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of Fabry's disease.
Topics: Adult; Cytoplasmic Granules; Endothelium, Vascular; Fabry Disease; Humans; Male
PubMed: 1324036
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.31.682 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... May 2011Horner's syndrome is characterized by the classic triad of eyelid ptosis, miosis and facial anhidrosis and is caused by an interruption of the oculosympathetic nerve... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Horner's syndrome is characterized by the classic triad of eyelid ptosis, miosis and facial anhidrosis and is caused by an interruption of the oculosympathetic nerve pathway somewhere between its origin in the hypothalamus and the eye.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This review is based on own experiences and a discretionary selection of articles found through non-systematic searches in PubMed. Cases from own practice serve as examples.
RESULTS
Based on localization of the nerve pathway interruption, a Horner's syndrome is often classified as central, pre- or postganglionic. For the central type the syndrome is associated with other symptoms and signs from the central nervous system. The preganglionic type is most often caused by a tumor or trauma. The postganglionic type is often associated with pain/headache; most frequently it is seen as a consequence of carotid artery dissection or during cluster headache. Anhidrosis is rarely prominent, and in the postganglionic subtype it is virtually absent. Pharmacological tests can be used in diagnostics. Apraclonidine seems to be a good alternative to cocaine to confirm Horner's syndrome. MRI is generally recommended in the evaluation, if necessary with special sequences.
INTERPRETATION
The path of the long oculosympathetic fibers is complex and not fully understood. Topographic diagnostics may be challenging, but in most cases a specific cause is identified.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Cocaine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Headache; Horner Syndrome; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions; Reflex, Pupillary; Sympathomimetics
PubMed: 21606992
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.10.0935 -
International Journal of Women's... Jan 2021Global warming, provoked by the greenhouse effect of high levels of atmospheric gases (most notably carbon dioxide and methane), directly threatens human health and... (Review)
Review
Global warming, provoked by the greenhouse effect of high levels of atmospheric gases (most notably carbon dioxide and methane), directly threatens human health and survival. Individuals vary in their capacity to tolerate episodes of extreme heat. Because skin is the organ tasked with heat dissipation, it is important for dermatologists to be versed in the physiology of cutaneous heat dissipation and cognizant of clinical settings in which the skin's thermoregulatory responses may be impaired. When the external temperature is lower than that of the skin, the skin releases internal heat through direct thermal exchange with the environment, a process that is aided by an expansion of cutaneous blood flow and eccrine sweating. Cooling through the evaporation of sweat is effective even when the external temperature exceeds that of skin. Many factors, including environmental and physiological (e.g., age and sex), and pathological (e.g., preexisting illnesses, disorders of eccrine function, and medications) considerations, affect the skin's capacity to thermoregulate. Identification of individuals at increased risk for heat-related morbidity and mortality will become increasingly important in the care of patients.
PubMed: 33537396
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2020.08.007 -
The Indian Journal of Medical Research Nov 2020
Topics: Humans; Hypohidrosis; Sweating
PubMed: 35345113
DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1768_19