-
Scientific Reports Oct 2018In this study, the horizontal eddy heat flux in the upper mixed-layer in the South China Sea (SCS) is derived from satellite-derived observational data of sea surface...
In this study, the horizontal eddy heat flux in the upper mixed-layer in the South China Sea (SCS) is derived from satellite-derived observational data of sea surface height anomalies and optimally interpolated sea surface temperature, as well as a reanalysis dataset of mixed-layer depth. The long-term heat flux shows a northward transport on the west side of the SCS, comparable with that in the Kuroshio extension with strong eddy activities. The eddy flux in the SCS has a prominent semi-annual cycle and becomes the strongest in winter and summer with the inflow flux in the south and the outflow in the northwest into the East China Sea through the Taiwan Strait. The semi-annual cycle is related to the strong semi-annul variabilities of the velocity and the temperature in areas southeast of Vietnam and in the northern SCS, respectively. In some areas of the SCS, the eddy heat flux can reach more than ~ 60% of the mean flow heat flux. The convergence of the eddy flux indicates that heat accumulates southeast of Vietnam, which may result in heat storage increases in the upper mixed-layer.
PubMed: 30341357
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33803-2 -
Journal of Biochemistry Jul 1996The effect of UFA on Ig production by rat MLN lymphocytes was examined to clarify their influence on allergic reactions. A 4-h treatment at 1 mM inhibited the production...
The effect of UFA on Ig production by rat MLN lymphocytes was examined to clarify their influence on allergic reactions. A 4-h treatment at 1 mM inhibited the production of IgA, IgG, and IgM by the lymphocytes, but stimulated IgE production. The IgE production-stimulating activity became stronger with increasing number of carbon atoms and/or double bonds. However, no saturated fatty acid with carbon numbers from 12 to 18 affected IgE production by the lymphocytes. Hydrogen peroxide exerted Ig production-regulating activity similar to that of UFA, suggesting that the effect of UFA is at least partly due to oxidation products. Thus, the effect of antioxidants on the Ig production-regulating activity of arachidonic acid was examined. alpha-Tocopherol and BHT annulled the stimulation of IgE production by arachidonic acid, but ascorbic acid was not effective. The IgE production-enhancing activity of UFA was closely related to their oxidation rate in culture medium. These results suggest that UFA enhance the allergic reaction through the stimulation of IgE production and the inhibition of IgA production, and that hydrophobic antioxidants are partially effective to annul the adverse effect of UFA.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Arachidonic Acid; Ascorbic Acid; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Cells, Cultured; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Hydrogen Peroxide; Immunoglobulin Isotypes; Lymph Nodes; Lymphocytes; Male; Mesentery; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vitamin E
PubMed: 8864856
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021375 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Mar 2001The assembly of enzyme components into the cellulosome complex is dictated by the cohesin-dockerin interaction. In a recent article (Mechaly, A., Yaron, S., Lamed, R.,...
The assembly of enzyme components into the cellulosome complex is dictated by the cohesin-dockerin interaction. In a recent article (Mechaly, A., Yaron, S., Lamed, R., Fierobe, H.-P., Belaich, A., Belaich, J.-P., Shoham, Y., and Bayer, E. A. (2000) Proteins 39, 170-177), we provided experimental evidence that four previously predicted dockerin residues play a decisive role in the specificity of this high affinity interaction, although additional residues were also implicated. In the present communication, we examine further the contributing factors for the recognition of a dockerin by a cohesin domain between the respective cellulosomal systems of Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium cellulolyticum. In this context, the four confirmed residues were analyzed for their individual effect on selectivity. In addition, other dockerin residues were discerned that could conceivably contribute to the interaction, and the suspected residues were similarly modified by site-directed mutagenesis. The results indicate that mutation of a single residue from threonine to leucine at a given position of the C. thermocellum dockerin differentiates between its nonrecognition and high affinity recognition (K(a) approximately 10(9) m(-1)) by a cohesin from C. cellulolyticum. This suggests that the presence or absence of a single decisive hydroxyl group is critical to the observed biorecognition. This study further implicates additional residues as secondary determinants in the specificity of interaction, because interconversion of selected residues reduced intraspecies self-recognition by at least three orders of magnitude. Nevertheless, as the latter mutageneses served to reduce but not annul the cohesin-dockerin interaction within this species, it follows that other subtle alterations play a comparatively minor role in the recognition between these two modules.
Topics: Amino Acid Motifs; Biotinylation; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cellulase; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; Clostridium; DNA; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Fungal Proteins; Genetic Vectors; Hydroxylation; Kinetics; Leucine; Ligands; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Nuclear Proteins; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Protein Binding; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Recombinant Proteins; Software; Substrate Specificity; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Threonine; Cohesins
PubMed: 11148206
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M009237200 -
Japanese Circulation Journal Oct 1999This report presents a case of occult constrictive pericarditis and mitral valve insufficiency following chest radiotherapy. A 44-year-old man had received radiotherapy...
This report presents a case of occult constrictive pericarditis and mitral valve insufficiency following chest radiotherapy. A 44-year-old man had received radiotherapy for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease 8 years ago. At age 40 years, effusive pericarditis occurred and he was treated with intrapericardial drainage. Biopsy revealed a fibrotic and thickened pericardium. He developed congestive heart failure 3 years later. The patient was found to have occult constrictive pericarditis and mitral valve insufficiency. He underwent mitral valve replacement, tricuspid annul plasty, and pericardiectomy. Although there is the benefit of cure for the Hodgkin's disease, the prognosis after treatment is affected by radiotherapy-induced heart disease. After radiotherapy of the chest and mediastinum, long-term cardiological follow-up is recommended in order to detecting patients with radiation-induced heart disease, such as the present case.
Topics: Adult; Follow-Up Studies; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Failure; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Male; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Radiography, Thoracic; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Thorax
PubMed: 10553924
DOI: 10.1253/jcj.63.803 -
Applied Microbiology Jan 1974It has been shown that some component of Fletcher medium is able to annul the inhibitory action of 5-fluorouracil (400 mug/ml) on bacteria other than leptospirae. The... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
It has been shown that some component of Fletcher medium is able to annul the inhibitory action of 5-fluorouracil (400 mug/ml) on bacteria other than leptospirae. The most likely ingredient which can be implicated in this context appears to be beef extract.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Animals; Bacteria; Bacteriological Techniques; Cattle; Culture Media; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia; Fluorouracil; Immune Sera; Leptospira; Meat; Micrococcus; Peptones; Sheep; Staphylococcus; Temperature; Tissue Extracts
PubMed: 4589135
DOI: 10.1128/am.27.1.270-271.1974 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Oct 1994An analytical system comprising a bacterium and a protozoan was used to pinpoint the metabolic lesion whereby chlorhexidine (CLX) produced cell death. Nicotinic acid but...
An analytical system comprising a bacterium and a protozoan was used to pinpoint the metabolic lesion whereby chlorhexidine (CLX) produced cell death. Nicotinic acid but not nicotinamide annulled the biocidal action of CLX. The results suggest that CLX may not permit bioconversion of nicotinamide to nicotinic acid to annul the growth inhibition induced by CLX.
Topics: Animals; Chlorhexidine; Drug Interactions; Escherichia coli; Eukaryota; Niacin; Niacinamide
PubMed: 7840588
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.38.10.2458