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Scientific Reports Apr 2018Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is considered anoxia intolerant but it shows variance in anoxia responses between genotypes and environmental treatments. We firstly examined...
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is considered anoxia intolerant but it shows variance in anoxia responses between genotypes and environmental treatments. We firstly examined 4 day old seedlings of five wheat genotypes in response to anoxia at 15 °C and 28 °C by assessing growth rate, tissue damage and changes in metabolite abundances. Significant genotypic variations in anoxia tolerance were observed, especially at 28 °C. Wheat seedlings grown at 15 °C appeared to be more anoxia tolerant and showed less genotypic variation than those at 28 °C. To minimize seedling size variations and define the temperature effects, we grew two contrasting genotypes at 15 °C for 3.5 d and adapted to 4 different temperatures for 0.5 d before exposing them to anoxia at each adapted temperature. Genotypic variation in abundance of anoxia induced metabolites occurred at 24 °C and 28 °C but not at 15 °C and 20 °C. Tissue- and temperature-dependent metabolic adaptations to anoxia were revealed. In roots, the ability to maintain sugar/sugar-phosphate and TCA cycle metabolite levels and the accumulation of amino acids when temperature was below 24 °C correlated with anoxia tolerance. Temperatures between 20 °C-24 °C are critical for metabolic adaptation and suggest that further assessment of waterlogging/flooding tolerance of wheat seedlings should consider the temperature-dependence of tolerance in evaluations.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Biomarkers; Energy Metabolism; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Genotype; Hypoxia; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Plant Roots; Seedlings; Temperature; Triticum
PubMed: 29670175
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24419-7 -
PloS One 2018Oxygen is required for the completion of almost all known metazoan lifecycles, but many metazoans harbour abilities to withstand varying degrees and periods of hypoxia....
Oxygen is required for the completion of almost all known metazoan lifecycles, but many metazoans harbour abilities to withstand varying degrees and periods of hypoxia. Caenorhabditis elegans, one of the most popular model organism is extensively used as a model for the study of hypoxia and anoxia biology and it has been found that this nematode is capable of tolerance to varying degrees of hypoxia. Considering the extremely high diversity of nematodes, the effects of low oxygen concentration and mechanisms of adaptation to oxygen depletion differ among species. In this study, we used a simple assay to examine anoxia tolerance in four nematode species, including three free-living and one plant parasitic nematode. We found that the plant parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus can survive more than 14 days under anoxic conditions. Comparisons of behaviour during anoxia induction and the repertoire of oxygen sensation genes among the tested species suggested the existence of different oxygen sensation systems between B. xylophilus and C. elegans, which quickly introduce suspended animation in response to oxygen depletion to survive long-term anoxia.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Caenorhabditis elegans; Hypoxia; Oxygen; Species Specificity; Tylenchida
PubMed: 29758056
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197122 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Nov 2005Hypoxia during sleep and exercise may occur in an important number of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite its recognition, no clear definition for hypoxia in CF... (Review)
Review
Hypoxia during sleep and exercise may occur in an important number of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite its recognition, no clear definition for hypoxia in CF exists, and nor do guidelines for commencing oxygen therapy. CF patients with hypoxia may have increased pulmonary artery pressure, reduced exercise ability, and skeletal muscle strength, and most importantly of all worse sleep quality, and a worse quality of life. Laboratory and rodent evidence exists to suggest that hypoxia may contribute to the decline in lung function in CF by upregulating lung inflammation, and encouraging growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most important pathogen associated with CF lung disease. The effects of hypoxia in childhood CF need to be fully studied, and a potential expanded role for oxygen as therapy in CF may be worthy of exploration.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Humans; Hypoxia; Opportunistic Infections; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Pneumonia; Pulmonary Circulation; Quality of Life
PubMed: 16243867
DOI: 10.1136/adc.2005.071795 -
Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva 2022
Topics: Humans; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Hypoxia; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 36888818
DOI: 10.5935/0103-507X.v34n4-2022-ed-pt -
American Journal of Physiology. Lung... Nov 2002
Review
Topics: Animals; Biosensing Techniques; Humans; Hypoxia; Oxygen
PubMed: 12376344
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00205.2002 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Feb 1973A case of acardius amorphus is reported. The rarity of foetal monsters without a functioning heart is emphasized and the method of classification reviewed. The theories...
A case of acardius amorphus is reported. The rarity of foetal monsters without a functioning heart is emphasized and the method of classification reviewed. The theories of teratogenesis are discussed. Evidence is presented in support of the theory that there is a primary failure of the organ to develop. The possibility of anoxia and nutritional deficiency of the foetus being solely responsible for the malformation seems unlikely.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Abnormalities, Severe Teratoid; Female; Fetal Heart; Humans; Hypoxia; Pregnancy
PubMed: 4729183
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.49.568.102 -
Molecular Oncology Jun 2008Hypoxia is an important feature of the microenvironment of a wide range of solid tumours. Its critical role in radio- and chemoresistance and its significance as an... (Review)
Review
Hypoxia is an important feature of the microenvironment of a wide range of solid tumours. Its critical role in radio- and chemoresistance and its significance as an adverse prognostic factor have been well established over the last decades. On a cellular level, hypoxia evokes a complex molecular response with a central role for the HIF-1 pathway. The cellular processes under control of HIF-1 contain important prognostic information and comprise potential candidates for directing hypoxia-modifying therapies. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge on the molecular aspects of tumour hypoxia and the link to clinical practice.
Topics: Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 19383328
DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2008.03.006 -
Physiological Research Dec 2020Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a disorder with heterogeneous manifestation due to asphyxia during perinatal period. It affects approximately 3-12 children... (Review)
Review
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a disorder with heterogeneous manifestation due to asphyxia during perinatal period. It affects approximately 3-12 children per 1000 live births and cause death of 1 million neonates worldwide per year. Besides, motor disabilities, seizures, impaired muscle tone and epilepsy are few of the consequences of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Despite an extensive research effort regarding various treatment strategies, therapeutic hypothermia with intensive care unit supportive treatment remains the only approved method for neonates who have suffered from moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. However, these protocols are only partially effective given that many infants still suffer from severe brain damage. Thus, further research to systematically test promising neuroprotective treatments in combination with hypothermia is essential. In this review, we discussed the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and delved into different promising treatment modalities, such as melatonin and erythropoietin. However, preclinical studies and clinical trials are still needed to further elucidate the mechanisms of action of these modalities.
Topics: Central Nervous System Depressants; Erythropoietin; Female; Humans; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Infant, Newborn; Melatonin; Pregnancy
PubMed: 33464921
DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934595 -
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology Jan 2019The role of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) derived HS in the hypoxic and anoxic responses of the carotid body (CB) were examined. Experiments were performed on...
The role of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) derived HS in the hypoxic and anoxic responses of the carotid body (CB) were examined. Experiments were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats, wild type and CSE knockout mice on C57BL/6 J background. Hypoxia (pO = 37 ± 3 mmHg) increased the CB sensory nerve activity and elevated HS levels in rats. In contrast, anoxia (pO = 5 ± 4 mmHg) produced only a modest CB sensory excitation with no change in HS levels. DL-propargylglycine (DL-PAG), a blocker of CSE, inhibited hypoxia but not anoxia-evoked CB sensory excitation and [Ca] elevation of glomus cells. The inhibitory effects of DL-PAG on hypoxia were seen: a) when it is dissolved in saline but not in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and b) in glomus cells cultured for18 h but not in cells either soon after isolation or after prolonged culturing (72 h) requiring 1-3 h of incubation. On the other hand, anoxia-induced [Ca] responses of glomus cell were blocked by high concentration of DL-PAG (300μM) either alone or in combination with aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA; 300μM) with a decreased cell viability. Anoxia produced a weak CB sensory excitation and robust [Ca] elevation in glomus cells of both wild-type and CSE null mice. As compared to wild-type, CSE null mice exhibited impaired CB chemo reflex as evidenced by attenuated efferent phrenic nerve responses to brief hyperoxia (Dejours test), and hypoxia. Inhalation of 100% N (anoxia) depressed breathing in both CSE null and wild-type mice. These observations demonstrate that a) hypoxia and anoxia are not analogous stimuli for studying CB physiology and b) CSE-derived HS contributes to CB response to hypoxia but not to that of anoxia.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Calcium; Carotid Body; Cells, Cultured; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; Hypoxia; Male; Phrenic Nerve; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfites
PubMed: 30086385
DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.08.001 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2021Oxidative stress is the leading player in the onset and development of various diseases. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a pivotal antioxidant system that preserves the cells'... (Review)
Review
Oxidative stress is the leading player in the onset and development of various diseases. The Keap1-Nrf2 pathway is a pivotal antioxidant system that preserves the cells' redox balance. It decreases inflammation in which the nuclear trans-localization of Nrf2 as a transcription factor promotes various antioxidant responses in cells. Through some other directions and regulatory proteins, this pathway plays a fundamental role in preventing several diseases and reducing their complications. Regulation of the Nrf2 pathway occurs on transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and these regulations play a significant role in its activity. There is a subtle correlation between the Nrf2 pathway and the pivotal signaling pathways, including PI3 kinase/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB and HIF-1 factors. This demonstrates its role in the development of various diseases. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic compound from with multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. Since hyperglycemia and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the leading causes of common diabetic complications, reducing the generation of ROS can be a fundamental approach to dealing with these complications. Curcumin can be considered a potential treatment option by creating an efficient therapeutic to counteract ROS and reduce its detrimental effects. This review discusses Nrf2 pathway regulation at different levels and its correlation with other important pathways and proteins in the cell involved in the progression of diabetic complications and targeting these pathways by curcumin.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Curcumin; Diabetes Complications; Humans; Hypoxia; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34946740
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247658