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American Journal of Ophthalmology Case... Jun 2021A case of anterior lenticular opacities in a patient of Costello Syndrome is reported.
PURPOSE
A case of anterior lenticular opacities in a patient of Costello Syndrome is reported.
OBSERVATIONS
Bilateral anterior capsular plaque along with anterior lens opacities (Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography) has been demonstrated in a patient of Costello Syndrome presenting with atopic dermatitis.
CONCLUSIONS
All patients with Costello Syndrome require a detailed anterior segment examination and a close follow up, as even minute lenticular opacities cause visual impairment leading to amblyopia and may require an early surgical intervention.
PubMed: 33981911
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101036 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2021To emphasize the role of odontometric parameters which may be used as a reliable forensic tool especially in cases with partial remains of the individual.
BACKGROUND
To emphasize the role of odontometric parameters which may be used as a reliable forensic tool especially in cases with partial remains of the individual.
AIM
To assess the reliability of odontometric parameters in stature analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on 100 patients (50 male and 50 Female). Mesiodistal width of anterior teeth, inter-canine width, Inter-premolar width and maxillary arch length were the parameters included. The results were tabulated with a linear regression formula obtained for each parameter.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
The data collected was statistically analysed using SPSS version 20 and a linear regression formula was obtained thereafter.
RESULTS
Mesio-distal widths of individual maxillary canines, total mesiodistal width of maxillary anteriors and arch length showed a significant co-relation with stature. The combined linear regression formula was obtained for all parameters.
CONCLUSION
Odontometric parameters of mesio - distal widths of individual maxillary canines, total mesiodistal width of maxillary anteriors and arch length can be used as reliable parameters for stature analysis.
PubMed: 34349434
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_17_21 -
BMC Oral Health May 2022Adequate knowledge of root canal morphology and possible variations is essential to achieve perfect root canal treatment and overcome treatment failure. Appropriate...
BACKGROUND
Adequate knowledge of root canal morphology and possible variations is essential to achieve perfect root canal treatment and overcome treatment failure. Appropriate knowledge on root and canal morphology, communication, and documentation amongst dentists will be challenging from a diagnostic and successful treatment point of view.
METHODS
A total of 3420 samples were included in this study from 285 cone-beam computed tomography images of the Saudi residents, including 171 males and 114 females aged 15 to 68 years from retrospective data dated from January 2018 to April 2021. The images were examined in sagittal, axial and coronal views using a 3D version software 1.0.10.6388. The number of canal and canal morphology was recorded using Vertucci and the new classification system. The SPSS 26 was used to conduct the statistical analysis as descriptive statistics such as mean; standard deviation and frequency were calculated. The Chi-square test analysed the data with the significance level set at 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of 285 subjects participated in the study. Majority of the participants were Saudi nationals (80.7%), followed by Indian (7.4%), Pakistani (4.2%) and other nationalities. According to Vertucci and the new classification system, Type I and TN were the most common types, followed by Type III and Type IV, and then TN and TN in mandibular anteriors. The prevalence of canal variations in mandibular canine was higher in females than in males (P = 0.002). Maxillary laterals and mandibular anteriors showed the significant difference in the prevalence of root canal variation in relation to the ethnicity (P = 0.001) and age of the patients. Younger patients showed more variations than the older patients (P = 0.012, P = 0.023, P = 0.001, P = 0.001) in terms of maxillary laterals, mandibular central, laterals and canines, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Mandibular permanent anteriors showed a wide range of canal variations and canal complexity. Males and females did not demonstrate a wide range of variation in the root canal morphology except for the canines in relation to the gender of the patients.
Topics: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dental Pulp Cavity; Female; Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Saudi Arabia; Spiral Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Tooth Root
PubMed: 35538514
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02187-1 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Mar 2023During propofol-induced general anesthesia, alpha rhythms measured using electroencephalography undergo a striking shift from posterior to anterior, termed...
During propofol-induced general anesthesia, alpha rhythms measured using electroencephalography undergo a striking shift from posterior to anterior, termed anteriorization, where the ubiquitous waking alpha is lost and a frontal alpha emerges. The functional significance of alpha anteriorization and the precise brain regions contributing to the phenomenon are a mystery. While posterior alpha is thought to be generated by thalamocortical circuits connecting nuclei of the sensory thalamus with their cortical partners, the thalamic origins of the propofol-induced alpha remain poorly understood. Here, we used human intracranial recordings to identify regions in sensory cortices where propofol attenuates a coherent alpha network, distinct from those in the frontal cortex where it amplifies coherent alpha and beta activities. We then performed diffusion tractography between these identified regions and individual thalamic nuclei to show that the opposing dynamics of anteriorization occur within two distinct thalamocortical networks. We found that propofol disrupted a posterior alpha network structurally connected with nuclei in the sensory and sensory associational regions of the thalamus. At the same time, propofol induced a coherent alpha oscillation within prefrontal cortical areas that were connected with thalamic nuclei involved in cognition, such as the mediodorsal nucleus. The cortical and thalamic anatomy involved, as well as their known functional roles, suggests multiple means by which propofol dismantles sensory and cognitive processes to achieve loss of consciousness.
Topics: Humans; Propofol; Consciousness; Electroencephalography; Brain; Thalamus; Unconsciousness; Neural Pathways; Cerebral Cortex
PubMed: 36897972
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207831120 -
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2022There is limited evidence on the outcome of single-piece implant-prosthetic complex after immediate nonfunctional loading in varied bone densities.
A 3-Year Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate the Outcome of Single-Piece Implant-Prosthetic Complex after Immediate NonFunctional Loading in the Maxillary Anterior and Mandibular Posterior Areas in Varied Bone Densities.
CONTEXT
There is limited evidence on the outcome of single-piece implant-prosthetic complex after immediate nonfunctional loading in varied bone densities.
AIM
The aim of this study was to report the outcome of single-piece implant-prosthetic complex with a novel cervical platform design in the anterior and posterior jaws 3 years after loading.
SETTING AND DESIGN
Prospective clinical study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study included placement of 90 single-piece implants in the anterior and the posterior jaws in varied bone densities. After immediate loading, survival and marginal bone loss was recorded at regular intervals.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Independent sample -test and paired -test were done ( = 0.05).
RESULTS
Group I, annual marginal bone loss at the end of one, 2 and 3 years was 0.21, respectively, in both bone densities. Group II, annual marginal bone loss in D2 regions was 0.75,0.38 and 0.18; 0.64, 0.28 and 0.18 in D3 regions at the end of 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Group I showed no statistically significant difference in marginal bone loss between D2 and D3 bone annually in contrast to Group II. Intragroup comparisons of mean between baseline and various time intervals showed statistically significant bone loss in both bone densities.
CONCLUSION
Three years after loading, single-piece implants with the novel cervical platform design provided survival rates of 93% in the maxillary anteriors and 91% in the mandibular posteriors. D3 bone showed more marginal bone loss than D2 bone.
PubMed: 35846581
DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_698_20 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 2021To determine classification criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated chronic anterior uveitis (CAU).
PURPOSE
To determine classification criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated chronic anterior uveitis (CAU).
DESIGN
Machine learning of cases with JIA CAU and 8 other anterior uveitides.
METHODS
Cases of anterior uveitides were collected in an informatics-designed preliminary database, and a final database was constructed of cases achieving supermajority agreement on the diagnosis, using formal consensus techniques. Cases were split into a training set and a validation set. Machine learning using multinomial logistic regression was used on the training set to determine a parsimonious set of criteria that minimized the misclassification rate among the anterior uveitides. The resulting criteria were evaluated on the validation set.
RESULTS
One thousand eighty-three cases of anterior uveitides, including 202 cases of JIA CAU, were evaluated by machine learning. The overall accuracy for anterior uveitides was 97.5% in the training set and 96.7% in the validation set (95% confidence interval 92.4, 98.6). Key criteria for JIA CAU included (1) chronic anterior uveitis (or, if newly diagnosed, insidious onset) and (2) JIA, except for the systemic, rheumatoid factor-positive polyarthritis, and enthesitis-related arthritis variants. The misclassification rates for JIA CAU were 2.4% in the training set and 0% in the validation set.
CONCLUSIONS
The criteria for JIA CAU had a low misclassification rate and seemed to perform well enough for use in clinical and translational research.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Juvenile; Chronic Disease; Consensus; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Uveitis, Anterior; Young Adult
PubMed: 33845021
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.055 -
RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Apr 2011
PubMed: 21181617
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245970 -
Anesthesiology Feb 2015Recent studies of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness in humans have focused predominantly on the intravenous drug propofol and have identified anterior dominance of...
BACKGROUND
Recent studies of anesthetic-induced unconsciousness in humans have focused predominantly on the intravenous drug propofol and have identified anterior dominance of alpha rhythms and frontal phase-amplitude coupling patterns as neurophysiological markers. However, it is unclear whether the correlates of propofol-induced unconsciousness are generalizable to inhaled anesthetics, which have distinct molecular targets and which are used more commonly in clinical practice.
METHODS
The authors recorded 64-channel electroencephalograms in healthy human participants during consciousness, sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness, and recovery (n = 10; n = 7 suitable for analysis). Spectrograms and scalp distributions of low-frequency (1 Hz) and alpha (10 Hz) power were analyzed, and phase-amplitude modulation between these two frequencies was calculated in frontal and parietal regions. Phase lag index was used to assess phase relationships across the cortex.
RESULTS
At concentrations sufficient for unconsciousness, sevoflurane did not result in a consistent anteriorization of alpha power; the relationship between low-frequency phase and alpha amplitude in the frontal cortex did not undergo characteristic transitions. By contrast, there was significant cross-frequency coupling in the parietal region during consciousness that was not observed after loss of consciousness. Furthermore, a reversible disruption of anterior-posterior phase relationships in the alpha bandwidth was identified as a correlate of sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness.
CONCLUSION
In humans, sevoflurane-induced unconsciousness is not correlated with anteriorization of alpha and related cross-frequency patterns, but rather by a disruption of phase-amplitude coupling in the parietal region and phase-phase relationships across the cortex.
Topics: Alpha Rhythm; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Behavior; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Methyl Ethers; Propofol; Sevoflurane; Unconsciousness; Young Adult
PubMed: 25296108
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000482 -
Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista... 2012Acute anterior uveitis is a common extra-articular manifestation in spondyloarthritis patients. The aim of this study was to compare demographic, clinical, laboratory...
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE
Acute anterior uveitis is a common extra-articular manifestation in spondyloarthritis patients. The aim of this study was to compare demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment data among spondyloarthritis patients with and without acute anterior uveitis.
DESIGN AND SETTING
This was a cross-sectional analytical study at the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic of the Evangelical University Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil.
METHODS
Spondyloarthritis patients with without acute anterior uveitis were compared regarding demographic data, spondyloarthritis subtype, peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, disease activity, functional index, physical examination, radiological involvement, HLA-B27 and treatment.
RESULTS
Presence of acute anterior uveitis was not found to have any relationship with functional index, degree of radiological involvement, peripheral arthritis or enthesitis. Acute anterior uveitis showed a negative association with skin manifestations (P = 0.04) and a trend towards higher disease activity (P = 0.06).
CONCLUSION
In the study sample, it could not be shown that AAU had any association with the functional and radiological prognoses. The patients with spondyloarthritis with and without acute anterior uveitis did not differ clinically except for a higher proportion of ankylosing spondylitis and smaller presence of skin involvement in those with uveitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Brazil; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Spondylarthritis; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 22790545
DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802012000300002 -
The Western Journal of Medicine Aug 1994
Topics: Adult; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Penicillin G; Severity of Illness Index; Syphilis; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 7941541
DOI: No ID Found