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Journal of Occupational and... Jan 2015To characterize exposure histories and respiratory disease among surface coal miners identified with progressive massive fibrosis from a 2010 to 2011 pneumoconiosis...
OBJECTIVE
To characterize exposure histories and respiratory disease among surface coal miners identified with progressive massive fibrosis from a 2010 to 2011 pneumoconiosis survey.
METHODS
Job history, tenure, and radiograph interpretations were verified. Previous radiographs were reviewed when available. Telephone follow-up sought additional work and medical history information.
RESULTS
Among eight miners who worked as drill operators or blasters for most of their tenure (median, 35.5 years), two reported poor dust control practices, working in visible dust clouds as recently as 2012. Chest radiographs progressed to progressive massive fibrosis in as few as 11 years. One miner's lung biopsy demonstrated fibrosis and interstitial accumulation of macrophages containing abundant silica, aluminum silicate, and titanium dust particles.
CONCLUSIONS
Overexposure to respirable silica resulted in progressive massive fibrosis among current surface coal miners with no underground mining tenure. Inadequate dust control during drilling/blasting is likely an important etiologic factor.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Coal Mining; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiography
PubMed: 25563541
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000302 -
Scandinavian Journal of Work,... 1985Health conditions in the Huainan Coal Mine have improved greatly since 1950. In particular, the work and living environments, the underground dust concentration, the...
Health conditions in the Huainan Coal Mine have improved greatly since 1950. In particular, the work and living environments, the underground dust concentration, the water supply and waste disposal systems, and the nutritional value of miners' food have become much better. Thus the rates of occupational, infectious, and parasitic diseases and nutritional deficiency diseases have decreased considerably among miners. The decreases in the prevalence of anthracosilicosis and hookworm have been especially striking.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; China; Coal Mining; Hookworm Infections; Housing; Humans; Nutrition Disorders; Occupational Health Services; Sanitation
PubMed: 3832435
DOI: No ID Found -
The International Journal of... Jul 2017Diseases associated with coal mine dust continue to affect coal miners. Elucidation of initial pathological changes as a precursor of coal dust-related diffuse fibrosis...
BACKGROUND
Diseases associated with coal mine dust continue to affect coal miners. Elucidation of initial pathological changes as a precursor of coal dust-related diffuse fibrosis and emphysema, may have a role in treatment and prevention.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the precursor of dust-related diffuse fibrosis and emphysema.
METHODS
Birefringent silica/silicate particles were counted by standard microscope under polarized light in the alveolar macrophages and fibrous tissue in 25 consecutive autopsy cases of complicated coal worker's pneumoconiosis and in 21 patients with tobacco-related respiratory bronchiolitis.
RESULTS
Coal miners had 331 birefringent particles/high power field while smokers had 4 (p<0.001). Every coal miner had intra-alveolar macrophages with silica/silicate particles and interstitial fibrosis ranging from minimal to extreme. All coal miners, including those who never smoked, had emphysema. Fibrotic septa of centrilobular emphysema contained numerous silica/silicate particles while only a few were present in adjacent normal lung tissue. In coal miners who smoked, tobacco-associated interstitial fibrosis was replaced by fibrosis caused by silica/silicate particles.
CONCLUSION
The presence of silica/silicate particles and anthracotic pigment-laden macrophages inside the alveoli with various degrees of interstitial fibrosis indicated a new disease: coal mine dust desquamative chronic interstitial pneumonia, a precursor of both dust-related diffuse fibrosis and emphysema. In studied coal miners, fibrosis caused by smoking is insignificant in comparison with fibrosis caused by silica/silicate particles. Counting birefringent particles in the macrophages from bronchioalveolar lavage may help detect coal mine dust desquamative chronic interstitial pneumonia, and may initiate early therapy and preventive measures.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Coal; Coal Mining; Dust; Emphysema; Humans; Lung; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Macrophages, Alveolar; Middle Aged; Silicates; Silicon Dioxide; Smoking
PubMed: 28689212
DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2017.1066 -
Cancer Science Aug 2003In order to characterize the relationship between background anthracosis and pulmonary adenocarcinogenesis, surgically resected tissues of 66 cases of stage I pulmonary...
In order to characterize the relationship between background anthracosis and pulmonary adenocarcinogenesis, surgically resected tissues of 66 cases of stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 4 cm or less at their greatest dimension, were examined. These cases were diagnosed based on the classification of small-sized adenocarcinoma of the lung (Noguchi et al., Cancer 75, 1995). Thirteen cases were diagnosed as types A (localized bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma, LBAC) and B (LBAC with alveolar collapse), 40 cases as type C (LBAC with a focus of fibroblastic proliferation), 8 as type D (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma) and 5 as types E (bronchial gland type adenocarcinoma) and F (true papillary adenocarcinoma). The 5-year survival rate of types A and B cases was 100%, while those of type C, type D and types E and F were 52%, 48% and 39%, respectively. Nuclear accumulation of abnormal p53 protein in non-replacement type adenocarcinomas (types D, E and F) was detected more frequently than that in replacement type adenocarcinomas (types A, B and C) (P < 0.05). In each case, black dusty material was extracted from tumorous lesions and non-tumorous regions and blotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane. The anthracotic index (AI) was calculated with a densitometer. AIs of non-tumorous regions in early and replacement type adenocarcinomas (types A and B) were significantly less than in relatively advanced (type C) and poorly differentiated (type D) adenocarcinomas (P < 0.05). These results indicated that adenocarcinoma developing in heavily anthracotic lungs readily progresses to an advanced stage, or that adenocarcinoma with a less favorable prognosis tends to develop in severely anthracotic lungs.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Anthracosilicosis; Disease Progression; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 12901796
DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01506.x -
The British Journal of Radiology Apr 2012Cigarette smoking-induced airway disease commonly results in an overall increase of non-specific lung markings on chest radiography. This has been described as "dirty...
OBJECTIVES
Cigarette smoking-induced airway disease commonly results in an overall increase of non-specific lung markings on chest radiography. This has been described as "dirty chest". As the morphological substrate of this condition is similar to the anthracosilicosis of coal workers, we hypothesised that it is possible to quantify the radiological changes using the International Labour Organization (ILO) classification of pneumoconiosis. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the extent of cigarette smoking and increased lung markings on chest radiography and to correlate the chest radiographic scores with findings on CT studies.
METHODS
In a prospective analysis a cohort of 85 smokers was examined. The cigarette consumption was evaluated in pack years (defined as 20 cigarettes per day over 1 year). Film reading was performed by two board-certified radiologists. Chest radiographs were evaluated for the presence of thickening of bronchial walls, the presence of linear or nodular opacities, and emphysema. To correlate the smoking habits with the increase of overall lung markings in chest radiography, the ILO profusion score was converted to numbers ranging from zero to nine. Chest radiographs were rated according to the complete set of standard films of the revised ILO classification.
RESULTS
63/85 (74%) of the smokers showed an increase in overall lung markings on chest radiography; 32 (37%) had an ILO profusion score of <1/1, 29 (34%) had an ILO profusion score of <2/2 and 2 (2%) had an ILO score of ≥ 2/2. There was a significant positive linear correlation between the increase of overall lung markings on chest radiography and the cigarette consumption quantified as pack years (r=0.68). The majority of the heavy smokers (>40 pack years) showed emphysema; there was no significant difference between the prevalence of emphysema as diagnosed by CT (62%) or chest radiography (71%) (p<0.05).The most common findings in CT were thickening of bronchial walls (64%) and the presence of emphysema (62%) and of intralobular opacities (61%). Ground-glass opacities were seen in only 7% of our patients.
CONCLUSION
Bronchial wall thickening and intralobular opacities as seen in CT showed a positive linear correlation with the increase of overall lung markings on chest radiography.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Body Burden; Female; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Prospective Studies; Radiography, Thoracic; Smoking
PubMed: 21937617
DOI: 10.1259/bjr/62694750 -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Jul 1966As the tuberculous hypothesis of coal-workers' progressive massive fibrosis (P.M.F.) is not so strongly held nowadays the possible importance of genetic factors should...
As the tuberculous hypothesis of coal-workers' progressive massive fibrosis (P.M.F.) is not so strongly held nowadays the possible importance of genetic factors should be explored. Twins with pneumoconiosis should provide helpful information. Details are given of two pairs of twins; one pair is considered to be monozygotic and the other dizygotic. Blood grouping, secretor state, and Rose Waaler reactions were carried out as the results may help in any comparison with twins with coal-workers' pneumoconiosis discovered elsewhere. The brothers resemble each other in having a similar type of pneumoconiosis. The monozygotic pair have a relatively benign type of pneumoconiosis with early P.M.F. which has remained unchanged for eight years; the dizygotic pair show a nodular type of pneumoconiosis which has shown definite progression with an increase in the extent of P.M.F. As a younger brother of the dizygotic pair also has pneumoconiosis details are included.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Diseases in Twins; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Radiography, Thoracic
PubMed: 5946134
DOI: 10.1136/oem.23.3.240 -
Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.... Jan 1967
Topics: Air Pollution; Anthracosilicosis; Asthma; Cardiovascular Diseases; Health Surveys; Humans; Morbidity; Mortality; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Tennessee; Weather
PubMed: 4959489
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Respiratory Journal 2016Background. Silicoanthracosis is a pneumoconiosis due to occupational inhalation of silica and carbon dusts. Clinically, it can be associated with vasculitis or...
Background. Silicoanthracosis is a pneumoconiosis due to occupational inhalation of silica and carbon dusts. Clinically, it can be associated with vasculitis or rheumatoid arthritis. In association with these diseases, silicoanthracosis can present within the lung with multiple pulmonary nodules which, as a differential diagnosis, can mimic metastatic disease or multiple abscesses. Case Presentation. We present the case of a 62-year old former pit worker with pulmonary nodules, chondrocalcinosis due to calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD), and a history of renal cancer. Within a short period of time, pulmonary nodules grew rapidly. Thoracoscopically, the resected lung specimen revealed silicoanthracosis associated with small-to-medium-size vasculitis in the presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmatic autoantibodies (c-ANCA). Conclusion. Pulmonary silicoanthracotic lesions on the base of ANCA-associated vasculitis and CPPD arthritis can rapidly grow. A mutual correlation between silicoanthracosis, ANCA-associated vasculitis, and CPPD seems possible. Apart from this, consideration of metastatic disease should be obligatory in patients with a history of cancer at the same time being immunosuppressed.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Chondrocalcinosis; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Lung; Male; Methotrexate; Middle Aged; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules; Rituximab; Thoracoscopy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27478398
DOI: 10.1155/2016/9254374 -
Respiratory Care Nov 2006A 45-year-old man was seen in consultation for evaluation of a spiculated right-lower-lobe mass that enlarged over 1 year. The patient had suffered accidental...
A 45-year-old man was seen in consultation for evaluation of a spiculated right-lower-lobe mass that enlarged over 1 year. The patient had suffered accidental instillation of activated charcoal into the right lung via nasogastric tube 2 years prior to this consultation, with resultant respiratory failure, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Biopsy of the mass showed anthracosis and granulomatous inflammation. A positron emission tomogram was strongly positive at the lesion, and right-lower-lobectomy with partial diaphragmatic resection was performed. On gross examination of the mass, a charcoal concretion was evident. Histologic examination showed intrinsic and surrounding granulomatous inflammation, but without tumor. The patient recovered uneventfully, and after 1 year had not experienced further complications.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Charcoal; Humans; Lung; Maine; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Aspiration; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 17067407
DOI: No ID Found -
Radiologia 2009We present the case of an asymptomatic patient with an initial clinical and radiological diagnosis of lung metastases in whom histological study diagnosed...
We present the case of an asymptomatic patient with an initial clinical and radiological diagnosis of lung metastases in whom histological study diagnosed anthracosilicosis. A review of the literature shows that this presentation of anthracosilicosis is exceptional; our patient had atypical radiological findings and a very long latency period (over 50 years) after a brief (nearly 6 years) exposure to coal dust.
Topics: Aged; Anthracosilicosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Radiography
PubMed: 19732920
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2009.05.007