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Inflammopharmacology Jun 2023Inflammation is a complex defense process that maintains tissue homeostasis. However, this complex cascade, if lasts long, may contribute to pathogenesis of several... (Review)
Review
Inflammation is a complex defense process that maintains tissue homeostasis. However, this complex cascade, if lasts long, may contribute to pathogenesis of several diseases. Chronic inflammation has been exhaustively studied in the last few decades, for its contribution in development and progression of cancer. The intrinsic limitations of conventional anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapies triggered the development of nanomedicines for more effective and safer therapies. Targeting inflammation and tumor cells by nanoparticles, encapsulated with active therapeutic agents, offers a promising outcome with patient survival. Considerable technological success has been achieved in this field through exploitation of tumor microenvironment, and recognition of molecules overexpressed on endothelial cells or macrophages, through enhanced vascular permeability, or by rendering biomimetic approach to nanoparticles. This review focusses on the inflammatory pathways in progression of a tumor, and advancement in nanotechnologies targeting these pathways. We also aim to identify the gaps that hinder the successful clinical translation of nanotherapeutics with further clinical studies that will allow oncologist to precisely identify the patients who may be benefited from nanotherapy at time when promotion or progression of tumor initiates. It is postulated that the nanomedicines, in near future, will shift the paradigm of cancer treatment and improve patient survival.
Topics: Humans; Nanomedicine; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Delivery Systems; Endothelial Cells; Neoplasms; Nanoparticles; Inflammation; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37060398
DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01217-w -
Chemical Reviews Jul 2009
Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; DNA Damage; DNA Topoisomerases; Humans; Neoplasms; Topoisomerase Inhibitors
PubMed: 19583428
DOI: 10.1021/cr900208x -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jul 2023Treatment of metastatic cancer is one of the biggest challenges in anticancer therapy. Curcumin is interesting nature polyphenolic compound with unique biological and... (Review)
Review
Treatment of metastatic cancer is one of the biggest challenges in anticancer therapy. Curcumin is interesting nature polyphenolic compound with unique biological and medicinal effects, including repression of metastases. High impact studies imply that curcumin can modulate the immune system, independently target various metastatic signalling pathways, and repress migration and invasiveness of cancer cells. This review discusses the potential of curcumin as an antimetastatic agent and describes potential mechanisms of its antimetastatic activity. In addition, possible strategies (curcumin formulation, optimization of the method of administration and modification of its structure motif) to overcome its limitation such as low solubility and bioactivity are also presented. These strategies are discussed in the context of clinical trials and relevant biological studies.
Topics: Humans; Curcumin; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37141738
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114758 -
Metal Ions in Life Sciences Feb 2018Zinc is an important element that is gaining momentum as a potential target for cancer therapy. In recent years zinc has been accepted as a second messenger that is now... (Review)
Review
Zinc is an important element that is gaining momentum as a potential target for cancer therapy. In recent years zinc has been accepted as a second messenger that is now recognized to be able to activate many signalling pathways within a few minutes of an extracellular stimulus by release of zinc(II) from intracellular stores. One of the major effects of this store release of zinc is to inhibit a multitude of tyrosine phosphatases which will prevent the inactivation of tyrosine kinases and hence, encourage further activation of tyrosine kinasedependent signalling pathways. Most of these signalling pathways are not only known to be involved in driving aberrant cancer growth, they are usually the main driving force. All this data together now positions zinc and zinc signalling as potentially important new targets to prevent aggressive cancer growth.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cation Transport Proteins; Drug Design; Homeostasis; Humans; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasms; Signal Transduction; Zinc
PubMed: 29394036
DOI: 10.1515/9783110470734-023 -
BioMed Research International 2022Cancer is one of the primary causes of mortality globally, and the discovery of new anticancer drugs is the most important need in recent times. Natural products have... (Review)
Review
Cancer is one of the primary causes of mortality globally, and the discovery of new anticancer drugs is the most important need in recent times. Natural products have been recognized as effective in fight against various diseases including cancer for over 50 years. Plants and microbes are the primary and potential sources of natural compounds to fight against cancer. Moreover, researches in the field of plant-based natural compounds have moved towards advanced and molecular level understandings from the last few decades, leading to the development of potent anticancer agents. Also, plants have been accepted as abundant and prosperous sources for the development of novel therapeutic agents for the management and prevention of different cancer types. The high toxicity of some cancer chemotherapy drugs, as well as their unfavorable side effects and drugs resistance, drives up the demand for natural compounds as new anticancer drugs. In this detailed evidence-based mechanistic review, facts and information about various medicinal plants, their bioactive compounds with their potent anticancer activities against different cancers have been gathered, with further approach to represent the molecular mechanism behind the anticancer activity of these plants. This review will be beneficial for investigators/scientists globally involved in the development of natural, safe, effective, and economical therapeutic agents/drugs against various cancers. This might be an important contribution in the field of drug discovery, where drugs can be used alone or in combination to increase the efficacy of newly synthesized drugs.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Chemoprevention; Drug Discovery; Humans; Neoplasms; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 35281598
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5425485 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2022Cisplatin (-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)) is the oldest known chemotherapeutic agent. Since the identification of its anti-tumour activity, it earned a remarkable place... (Review)
Review
Cisplatin (-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)) is the oldest known chemotherapeutic agent. Since the identification of its anti-tumour activity, it earned a remarkable place as a treatment of choice for several cancer types. It remains effective against testicular, bladder, lung, head and neck, ovarian, and other cancers. Cisplatin treatment triggers different cellular responses. However, it exerts its cytotoxic effects by generating inter-strand and intra-strand crosslinks in DNA. Tumour cells often develop tolerance mechanisms by effectively repairing cisplatin-induced DNA lesions or tolerate the damage by adopting translesion DNA synthesis. Cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity is also a huge challenge for effective therapy. Several preclinical and clinical studies attempted to understand the major limitations associated with cisplatin therapy, and so far, there is no definitive solution. As such, a more comprehensive molecular and genetic profiling of patients is needed to identify those individuals that can benefit from platinum therapy. Additionally, the treatment regimen can be improved by combining cisplatin with certain molecular targeted therapies to achieve a balance between tumour toxicity and tolerance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the importance of various biological processes that contribute to the resistance of cisplatin and its derivatives. We aim to highlight the processes that can be modulated to suppress cisplatin resistance and provide an insight into the role of uptake transporters in enhancing drug efficacy.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cisplatin; DNA; DNA Repair; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35806243
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137241 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2022Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Various chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used for cancer treatment. However, current anticancer drugs... (Review)
Review
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Various chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used for cancer treatment. However, current anticancer drugs cause severe side effects and induce resistance. Therefore, the development of novel and effective anticancer agents with minimal or no side effects is important. Notably, natural compounds have been highlighted as anticancer drugs. Among them, many researchers have focused on mushrooms that have biological activities, including antitumor activity. The aim of this review is to discuss the anticancer potential of different mushrooms and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We provide information regarding the current clinical status and possible modes of molecular actions of various mushrooms and mushroom-derived compounds. This review will help researchers and clinicians in designing evidence-based preclinical and clinical studies to test the anticancer potential of mushrooms and their active compounds in different types of cancers.
Topics: Agaricales; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36142412
DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810502 -
Metal Ions in Life Sciences Feb 2018There has been much recent interest in the development of therapeutic transition metal-based complexes in part fueled by the clinical success of the platinum(II)... (Review)
Review
There has been much recent interest in the development of therapeutic transition metal-based complexes in part fueled by the clinical success of the platinum(II) anticancer drug, cisplatin. Yet known platinum drugs are limited by their high toxicity, severe side-effects, and incidences of drug resistance. Organometallic ruthenium-arene complexes have risen to prominence as a pharmacophore due to the success of other ruthenium drug candidates in clinical trials. In this chapter, we highlight higher order multinuclear ruthenium-arene complexes and their respective investigations as chemotherapeutic agents. We discuss their unique structural properties and the associated biochemical evaluation in the context of anticancer drug design. We also review the structural considerations for the design of these scaffolds and new therapeutic applications that are uncovered for this class of complexes.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Coordination Complexes; Drug Design; Humans; Models, Molecular; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms; Organometallic Compounds; Protein Binding; Ruthenium Compounds; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 29394025
DOI: 10.1515/9783110470734-012 -
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Jul 2007Oncolytic viruses are being developed as anticancer drugs. They propagate selectively in tumor tissue and destroy it without causing excessive damage to normal... (Review)
Review
Oncolytic viruses are being developed as anticancer drugs. They propagate selectively in tumor tissue and destroy it without causing excessive damage to normal non-cancerous tissues. When used as drugs, they must meet stringent criteria for safety and efficacy and be amenable to pharmacological study in human subjects. Specificity for neoplastic tissue is the key to safety, and this goal can be achieved through a variety of ingenious virus-engineering strategies. Antiviral immunity remains a significant barrier to the clinical efficacy of oncolytic viruses but this is being addressed by using novel immune-evasive delivery strategies and immunosuppressive drugs. Noninvasive pharmacokinetic monitoring is facilitated by engineering marker genes into the viral genome. Clinical data on the pharmacokinetics of oncolytic viruses will be the key to accelerating their development and approval as effective anticancer drugs. This review introduces concepts relevant to the use of viruses as anticancer drugs, emphasizing targeting mechanisms as well as safety and efficacy issues that are currently limiting their clinical success.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Neoplasms; Oncolytic Virotherapy; Oncolytic Viruses
PubMed: 17573126
DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2007.05.005 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2018
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biological Products; Drug Discovery; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms
PubMed: 29882875
DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061246