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Annals of Medicine Apr 1997Vasculitis can and does occur in childhood. Apart from the common vasculitides (Henoch-Schönlein purpura, hypersensitivity angiitis and Kawasaki disease) there are a...
Vasculitis can and does occur in childhood. Apart from the common vasculitides (Henoch-Schönlein purpura, hypersensitivity angiitis and Kawasaki disease) there are a number of important but comparatively rare disorders affecting children. These include macroscopic and microscopic polyarteritis, cutaneous polyarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, primary angiitis of the central nervous system, hypocomplimentaemic urticarial vasculitis, vasculitis associated with various connective tissue disorders, Takayasu's disease and vasculitis associated with conditions such as Behcet's syndrome, familial Mediterranean fever and Cogan's syndrome. Distinguishing these conditions from other disorders is often difficult and requires clinical acumen and appropriate investigative procedures. With modern therapeutic agents it is possible to implement appropriate therapy but in spite of this, there remains a not inconsequential morbidity and mortality.
Topics: Arteritis; Central Nervous System Diseases; Child; Churg-Strauss Syndrome; Dermatomyositis; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Takayasu Arteritis
PubMed: 9187236
DOI: 10.3109/07853899709113707 -
Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2011Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic panarteritis of the aorta and its major branches presenting commonly in young ages. Physical examination findings, presence... (Review)
Review
Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic panarteritis of the aorta and its major branches presenting commonly in young ages. Physical examination findings, presence of constitutional features, elevated acute-phase reactants, and new vessel involvement in imaging are major features of an active disease. However, assessment of disease activity and damage in TA is problematic given the chronic, indolent disease course and lack of specific laboratory and imaging findings. Although CT, MRI, and FDG-PET are commonly used imaging modalities, their lack of specificity to discriminate active disease from damage, limit their usefulness in routine practice. Two recently introduced multi-systemic clinical assessment tools, the DEI.Tak and the ITAS (both derived from BVAS), seem to be helpful in assessing disease activity and damage in TA. However, physician's global assessments of disease activity and decisions regarding treatments are still strongly influenced by changes in the acute-phase response and imaging. A comprehensive approach to both systemic and vascular features of TA to define a validated set of outcome measures for use in clinical trials and clinical practice is clearly needed. The OMERACT Vasculitis Working Group has taken on this task and has embarked on a research agenda to advance outcome measure development in TA.
Topics: Aorta; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Severity of Illness Index; Takayasu Arteritis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21586201
DOI: No ID Found -
Arthritis and Rheumatism Feb 2004
Review
Topics: Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Takayasu Arteritis; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 14872466
DOI: 10.1002/art.20083 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Aug 1970
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Arteritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Complement System Proteins; Humans; Rats; Rheumatoid Factor
PubMed: 5311240
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Veterinary Journal 1992The causative agent of the respiratory disease equine viral arteritis is a small, single-stranded RNA virus with a genome organization and replication strategy related... (Review)
Review
The causative agent of the respiratory disease equine viral arteritis is a small, single-stranded RNA virus with a genome organization and replication strategy related to that of coronaviruses and toroviruses. Clinical signs of infection in horses vary widely and severe infection can lead to pregnant mares aborting. Infected horses generally make good recoveries but stallions may become semen shedders of equine arteritis virus (EAV). These carrier stallions play an important role in the dissemination and perpetuation of EAV. Laboratory tests exist to detect virus and the equine immune response to infection. However, vaccines are not currently licensed in the UK to combat viral arteritis, the incidence of which may increase due to changes in European legislation.
Topics: Abortion, Veterinary; Animals; Arteritis; Equartevirus; Female; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Pregnancy; Virus Diseases
PubMed: 1319787
DOI: 10.1016/0007-1935(92)90044-2 -
Neurology India 2021
Topics: Arteritis; Brain Injuries; Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Infarction; Vascular Diseases
PubMed: 34507475
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.325359 -
Medicine Jul 2009Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) have been considered distinct disorders based on their clinical features, age of onset, and ethnic distribution....
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu arteritis (TAK) have been considered distinct disorders based on their clinical features, age of onset, and ethnic distribution. However, on closer examination, these disorders appear more similar than different. The histopathology of arterial lesions in these diseases may be indistinguishable. Imaging studies have revealed large vessel inflammation in at least 60% of patients with GCA. We questioned whether the distinctions between these diseases might in part be an artifact due to bias in gathering historical and physical data. We postulated that signs and symptoms of GCA and polymyalgia rheumatica occur in patients with TAK but have been under-reported as a result of this bias.We performed a retrospective review of 75 patients with TAK and 69 patients with GCA (per American College of Rheumatology criteria). Signs and symptoms attributable to disease within the year before and following diagnosis, treatment and interventional outcomes, and mortality were recorded using a standardized database. All cases were evaluated by a single physician, using identical history and physical examination forms for patients with both diseases.Patients were predominantly female (TAK 91%, GCA 82%) and white (TAK 88%, GCA 95%). New headache was a presenting symptom in 52% of TAK and in 70% of GCA patients. All TAK patients underwent vascular imaging studies and were demonstrated to have large vessel abnormalities. However, only a subset of patients with GCA (43/69, 62%) was similarly studied. Among this group, 73% of GCA patients had at least 1 arterial lesion identified. In both TAK and GCA, the most common sites of involvement were the aorta (TAK 77%, GCA 65%) and subclavian (TAK 65%, GCA 37%) arteries. Compared to patients with TAK, patients with GCA had a greater prevalence of jaw claudication (GCA 33%, TAK 5%), blurred vision (GCA 29%, TAK 8%), diplopia (GCA 9%, TAK 0%), and blindness (GCA 14%, TAK 0%).Symptoms, signs, and imaging abnormalities that are characteristic of GCA or TAK are often present, albeit in differing frequencies, in both disorders. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that these diseases may not be distinct entities, but represent skewed phenotypes within the spectrum of a single disorder. Differences in frequencies of manifestations may reflect a significant bias in how data are gathered for patients with each disease, as well as the influence of vascular and immunologic senescence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arteries; Blindness; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Diplopia; Female; Giant Cell Arteritis; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Takayasu Arteritis; Vision Disorders; Young Adult
PubMed: 19593227
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0b013e3181af70c1 -
European Journal of Vascular and... Jan 1996
Topics: Humans; Takayasu Arteritis
PubMed: 8564477
DOI: 10.1016/s1078-5884(96)80127-4 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jul 2002Takayasu arteritis is a well known yet rare form of large vessel vasculitis. This review details the history, clinical features, differential diagnoses, classification,... (Review)
Review
Takayasu arteritis is a well known yet rare form of large vessel vasculitis. This review details the history, clinical features, differential diagnoses, classification, and immunology of the disorder. Suppression of inflammation and preservation of vascular competence are the aims of treatment. As with any rare disease, randomised controlled treatment trials are either lacking or based on small patient numbers, making management decisions difficult. Current evidence based treatments are presented and discussed.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Takayasu Arteritis
PubMed: 12101189
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.55.7.481 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Oct 2018
Topics: Arteritis; Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Takayasu Arteritis
PubMed: 29780150
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1059-18