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Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Surgery &... Feb 2016Arthroscopy has become indispensable for performing tibiotalar and subtalar arthrodesis. Now in 2015, it is the gold-standard surgical technique, and open surgery is... (Review)
Review
Arthroscopy has become indispensable for performing tibiotalar and subtalar arthrodesis. Now in 2015, it is the gold-standard surgical technique, and open surgery is reserved only for cases in which arthroscopy is contraindicated: material ablation after consolidation failure, osteophytes precluding a work chamber, excentric talus, severe malunion, bone defect requiring grafting, associated midfoot deformity, etc. The first reports of arthroscopic tibiotalar and subtalar arthrodesis date from the early 1990s. Consolidation rates were comparable to open surgery, but with significantly fewer postoperative complications: infection, skin necrosis, etc. Arthroscopy was for many years reserved to moderate deformity, with frontal or sagittal deviation less than 10°. The recent literature, however, seems to extend indications, the only restriction being the surgeon's experience. Tibiotalar arthrodesis on a posterior arthroscopic approach remains little used. And yet the posterior work chamber is much larger, and initial series showed consolidation rates similar to those of an anterior approach. The surgical technique for posterior tibiotalar arthrodesis was described by Van Dijk et al., initially using a posterior para-Achilles approach. This may be hampered by posterior osteophytes or ankylosis of the subtalar joint line (revision of non-consolidated arthrodesis, sequelae of calcaneal thalamus fracture) and is now used only by foot and ankle specialists. Posterior double tibiotalar-subtalar arthrodesis, described by Devos Bevernage et al., is facilitated by transplantar calcaneo-talo-tibial intramedullary nailing.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Ankle Joint; Ankylosis; Arthrodesis; Arthroscopy; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Osteophyte; Reoperation; Subtalar Joint; Talus; Tibia
PubMed: 26797006
DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.06.033 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Dec 2022Nonunion and adjacent joint osteoarthritis (OA) are known complications after a fusion procedure, and foot and ankle surgeons are commonly exposed to such disabling... (Review)
Review
Nonunion and adjacent joint osteoarthritis (OA) are known complications after a fusion procedure, and foot and ankle surgeons are commonly exposed to such disabling complications. Determining who is at risk of developing nonunion is essential to reducing nonunion rates and improving patient outcomes. Several evidenced-based modifiable risk factors related to adverse outcomes after foot and ankle arthrodesis have been identified. Patient-related risk factors that can be improved before surgery include smoking cessation, good diabetic control (HbAc1 <7%) and vitamin D supplementation. Intraoperatively, using less invasive techniques, avoiding joint preparation with power tools, using bone grafts or orthobiologics in more complex cases, high-risk patients, nonunion revision surgeries, and filling in bone voids at the arthrodesis site should be considered. Postoperatively, pain management with NSAIDs should be limited to a short period (<2 weeks) and avoided in high-risk patients. Furthermore, early postoperative weight-bearing has shown to be beneficial, and it does not seem to increase postoperative complications. The incidence of surrounding joint OA after foot and ankle fusion seems to increase progressively with time. Owing to its progression and high probability of being symptomatic, patients must be informed consequently, as they may require additional joint fusions, resulting in further loss of ankle/foot motion. In patients with symptomatic adjacent joint OA and unsatisfactory results after an ankle arthrodesis, conversion to total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) has become a potential option in managing these complex and challenging situations.
Topics: Humans; Ankle; Arthrodesis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle; Ankle Joint; Osteoarthritis; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36368793
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2022.08.007 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Sep 2021It is controversial whether or not the carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) should be included in total wrist arthrodesis (TWA). Complications commonly occur at this site and...
BACKGROUND
It is controversial whether or not the carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) should be included in total wrist arthrodesis (TWA). Complications commonly occur at this site and studies examining its inclusion and exclusion are conflicting. A randomised clinical trial comparing wrist arthrodesis with CMCJ arthrodesis and spanning plate to wrist arthrodesis with CMCJ preservation and non-CMCJ spanning plate has not been performed.
METHOD
A single centre randomised clinical trial including 120 adults with end-stage isolated wrist arthritis will be performed to compare TWA with and without the CMCJ included in the arthrodesis. The primary outcome is complications in the first post-operative year. Secondary outcomes are Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) and grip strength measured at 1, 2 and 5 years. Late complications, return to work and satisfaction will also be recorded.
DISCUSSION
It is unknown whether the CMCJ should be included in TWA. This trial will contribute to an improved understanding of optimal management of the CMCJ in total wrist arthrodesis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This trial was prospectively registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry with identifying number ACTRN12621000169842 on the 16th February 2021. WHO: U1111-12626523.
ANZCTR
ACTRN12621000169842.
Topics: Arthrodesis; Bone Plates; Carpometacarpal Joints; Hand Strength; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Wrist; Wrist Joint
PubMed: 34496832
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04644-4 -
Hand (New York, N.Y.) May 2022Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis can provide reliable pain relief and restore hand function in patients with PIPJ arthritis. However, there is a paucity...
BACKGROUND
Proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthrodesis can provide reliable pain relief and restore hand function in patients with PIPJ arthritis. However, there is a paucity of literature on patient-specific preoperative risk factors that are associated with adverse outcomes after PIPJ arthrodeses. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to assess preoperative predictors of nonunion and reoperation after PIPJ arthrodesis.
METHODS
This study identified all patients who underwent PIPJ arthrodesis at a single community practice between 1987 and 2013. The final analysis included 415 PIPJs treated with arthrodesis. The mean follow-up was 1.3 years. Data on preoperative diagnosis, demographics, comorbidities, and operative techniques were recorded, as well as the occurrence of nonunions and reoperations. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors of nonunion and reoperation.
RESULTS
There were 40 nonunions (10%) and 62 reoperations (15%). Of the reoperations, there were 39 incidences of isolated hardware removal, 9 irrigation and debridement, 8 amputations, 5 revision arthrodeses, and 1 corrective osteotomy. The highest number of nonunions occurred in the traumatic diagnosis group (37%), followed by the rheumatoid group (23%) and the scleroderma group (15%). The highest number of reoperations occurred within the traumatic joint disorder group (40%), followed by the rheumatoid group (24%) and the scleroderma group (11%). Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex ( < .01) and hepatic disease ( = .03) were significant risk factors of nonunion. Male sex was also significantly associated with increased reoperation risk ( < .01).
CONCLUSION
Risks of nonunions and reoperations after PIPJ arthrodeses are low; however, these findings may guide clinicians and patients in the preoperative decision-making process and help with targeted postoperative surveillance to mitigate these risks.
Topics: Arthritis; Arthrodesis; Finger Joint; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications; Reoperation
PubMed: 32772578
DOI: 10.1177/1558944720939196 -
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za... Sep 2020To review the research progress of interphalangeal arthrodesis in the treatment of interphalangeal joint deformity. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the research progress of interphalangeal arthrodesis in the treatment of interphalangeal joint deformity.
METHODS
The literature about interphalangeal arthrodesis at home and abroad was extensively consulted, and the indications, fusion methods, fixation methods, complications, and so on were summarized and analysed.
RESULTS
The indications of interphalangeal arthrodesis are hammer toe, claw toe, and mallet toe. From the different forms of fusion surface, fusion methods include end-to-end, peg-in-hole, conical reamer type, and V-shape arthrodesis. There are three kinds of fixation methods: Kirschner wire fixation, stainless-steel wire suture fixation, and intramedullary fixation, and there are many kinds of intramedullary fixation. The complications of interphalangeal arthrodesis include vascular injury, fixation related complications, and postoperative complications.
CONCLUSION
Interphalangeal arthrodesis is a good way to correct some deformities of toes, but the incidence of various complications can not be ignored, and there is still a lack of clinical research on interphalangeal arthrodesis.
Topics: Arthrodesis; Bone Wires; Hammer Toe Syndrome; Humans; Toe Joint; Toes
PubMed: 32929916
DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201910093 -
Orthopaedic Surgery Aug 2016Since the late 1980s, spinal interbody cages (ICs) have been used to aid bone fusion in a variety of spinal disorders. Utilized to restore intervertebral height, enable... (Review)
Review
Since the late 1980s, spinal interbody cages (ICs) have been used to aid bone fusion in a variety of spinal disorders. Utilized to restore intervertebral height, enable bone graft containment for arthrodesis, and restore anterior column biomechanical stability, ICs have since evolved to become a highly successful means of achieving fusion, being associated with less postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, fewer complications and higher rates of fusion when than bone graft only spinal fusion. IC design and materials have changed considerably over the past two decades. The threaded titanium-alloy cylindrical screw cages, typically filled with autologous bone graft, of the mid-1990s achieved greater fusion rates than bone grafts and non-threaded cages. Threaded screw cages, however, were soon found to be less stable in extension and flexion; additionally, they had a high incidence of cage subsidence. As of the early 2000s, non-threaded box-shaped titanium or polyether ether ketone IC designs have become increasingly more common. This modern design continues to achieve greater cage stability in flexion, axial rotation and bending. However, cage stability and subsidence, bone fusion rates and surgical complications still require optimization. Thus, this review provides an update of recent research findings relevant to ICs over the past 3 years, highlighting trends in optimization of cage design, materials, alternatives to bone grafts, and coatings that may enhance fusion.
Topics: Equipment Design; Humans; Internal Fixators; Spinal Fusion
PubMed: 27627709
DOI: 10.1111/os.12264 -
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Dec 2022Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is an established surgical procedure for treating patients with end-stage ankle joint arthritis and subtalar joint arthritis. Although it...
BACKGROUND
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is an established surgical procedure for treating patients with end-stage ankle joint arthritis and subtalar joint arthritis. Although it greatly relives pain, a major drawback is loss of range of motion. Although it is known to restrict an additional subtalar joint compared to tibiotalar arthrodesis, there is a lack of gait analysis studies comparing the two methods. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in kinematics of the foot and ankle joints between tibiotalar and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. We also compared preoperative and postoperative statuses for each surgical method.
METHODS
The study included 12 and 9 patients who underwent tibiotalar and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis, respectively, and 40 healthy participants were included in the control group. The DuPont foot model was used to analyze intersegmental foot and ankle kinematics during gait.
RESULTS
Compared to controls, both tibiotalar and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis resulted in slow gait speed with reduced stride length, increased step width, and decreased range of sagittal plane motion. Both fusion methods showed similar range of motion in all segments and planes following surgery. Coronal positions showed more supination of the forefoot and pronation of the hindfoot segment after each operation, particularly tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. Gait after tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis did not significantly differ from that after tibiotalar arthrodesis, but there was a tendency of more pronation in the hindfoot segment.
CONCLUSIONS
Both fusion methods limited foot and ankle motion in similar ways. Comparing tibiotalar and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis suggests that additionally fusing the subtalar joint does not cause greater movement restriction in patients. Objectively comparing tibiotalar and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis will facilitate further understanding of the effect of tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis on movement and the value of subtalar joint motion for improved preoperative counselling.
Topics: Humans; Ankle Joint; Ankle; Arthrodesis; Subtalar Joint; Arthritis
PubMed: 36518930
DOI: 10.4055/cios22034 -
Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation... Jun 2016There are two main surgical treatments for osteoarthritis: conservative treatments, where the damaged cartilage is left in place, and radical treatments, where the... (Review)
Review
There are two main surgical treatments for osteoarthritis: conservative treatments, where the damaged cartilage is left in place, and radical treatments, where the cartilage is replaced by an artificial endoprosthesis; this latter procedure is termed joint arthroplasty. These treatments are only offered to symptomatic patients. Arthrodesis is yet another surgical intervention in cases of osteoarthritis. It will sacrifice the joint's articular function and is performed on small osteoarthritic joints, such as wrists and ankles, for instance. Osteoarthritis symptoms are usually the consequence of an imbalance between the load applied to a joint and the surface available to support that load. Therefore, conservative treatments will either tend to decrease the load exerted on the joint, such as in a tibial valgus osteotomy for instance, or to improve the articular surface supporting that load. Sometimes, both can be provided at the same time; the peri-acetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia is an example of such a procedure. Conservative treatments are usually offered to young patients in order to delay, if not avoid, the need for a joint prosthesis. They are usually performed before osteoarthritis appears or at an early stage. Joint arthroplasties have overwhelmingly excellent functional results and today's research is directed towards providing rapid recovery, very long-term stability, and the assurance of a good functionality in extreme conditions. However, complications with joint arthroplasties can be serious with little, if any, reasonable salvage solution. Therefore, these procedures are offered to patients who have failed adequate medical treatment measures.
Topics: Adult; Arthrodesis; Arthroplasty; Humans; Osteoarthritis; Osteotomy; Patient Selection
PubMed: 27185463
DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2016.04.003 -
Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official... Dec 2022This study aimed to evaluate the use of distraction arthroplasty for ankle osteoarthritis, with respect to patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), complications,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to evaluate the use of distraction arthroplasty for ankle osteoarthritis, with respect to patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), complications, range of motion and radiographic outcomes.
METHODS
A computer-based search was performed in PubMed, Cinahl, Embase, Scopus and ISI Web of Science. Two reviewers independently performed title/abstract and full-text screening. Quality assessment was performed using The Methodological Index for Non-Randomised Studies (MINORS) and Joanna Briggs Institute criteria.
RESULTS
Whilst all studies evaluating PROMs reported significant (P < 0.05) improvement, these were either below or only slightly above the minimally clinically important difference. The rate of conversion to arthrodesis or total ankle arthroplasty was high, with failure rates of up to 52% reported.
CONCLUSION
Due to the inconsistent improvements in PROMs, which are likely overestimated due to substantial bias, and the high failure rate, this review suggests that distraction arthroplasty is not currently an effective treatment option for ankle arthritis.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV, systematic review of level I to IV studies.
Topics: Humans; Ankle Joint; Osteoarthritis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle; Arthrodesis; Range of Motion, Articular; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35853785
DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2022.07.005 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Jul 2022Müller-Weiss disease (MWD), a rare dysplastic disorder of the foot, is characterized by deformity, sclerosis, and fragmentation of the lateral part of navicular bone....
BACKGROUND
Müller-Weiss disease (MWD), a rare dysplastic disorder of the foot, is characterized by deformity, sclerosis, and fragmentation of the lateral part of navicular bone. Arthrodesis is the mainstay treatment for MWD. Generally, arthrodesis can be achieved through internal fixation with metallic implants, and morselized chip bone may be packed into the gap for better bone union. However, with this procedure, the original foot size is not maintained and support for the foot arch is not provided. Sequela of short foot, or flatfoot is commonly observed even though these complications of surgery had not been reported with cases of MWD treated by arthrodesis. Herein, we present a retrospective analysis of treating MWD through midfoot and hindfoot arthrodesis combined with strut allograft.
METHODS
From August 2006 to June 2019, 20 patients with MWD (mean age, 59.6 years; range, 40-80 years) underwent midfoot and hindfoot arthrodesis with strut bone allograft and were followed for at least 24 months. The patients were able to ambulate and participate in rehabilitation programs 3 months postoperatively.
RESULTS
The used four radiographic parameters (Meary's angle in anteroposterior and lateral view, talonavicular coverage angle, calcaneal pitch) demonstrated significant differences (P < .05) preoperatively and postoperatively, but those between the postoperative values and the values at the last follow-up session did not, indicating that strut allograft was able to maintain normal alignment. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot scores at 2 years postoperatively revealed significant improvement from baseline, from 60.2 to 84.2 (P < .05). The 12-item Short Form Health Survey scores also improved significantly (P < .05). All patients reported substantial pain relief and exhibited improved functional outcomes and gait patterns.
CONCLUSIONS
For advanced-stage MWD, arthrodesis with a precisely shaped, size-matched strut allograft provided strong support for biomechanical alignment and enhanced functional performance.
Topics: Allografts; Arthrodesis; Bone Diseases; Cartilage Diseases; Foot Diseases; Humans; Middle Aged; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Tarsal Bones; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35897013
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05629-7