-
Journal of Immunology Research 2014Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe that is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and is a member of more than 500 bacterial species that... (Review)
Review
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe that is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and is a member of more than 500 bacterial species that live in the oral cavity. This anaerobic bacterium is a natural member of the oral microbiome, yet it can become highly destructive (termed pathobiont) and proliferate to high cell numbers in periodontal lesions: this is attributed to its arsenal of specialized virulence factors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of one of the main periodontal pathogens-Porphyromonas gingivalis. This bacterium, along with Treponema denticola and Tannerella forsythia, constitute the "red complex," a prototype polybacterial pathogenic consortium in periodontitis. This review outlines Porphyromonas gingivalis structure, its metabolism, its ability to colonize the epithelial cells, and its influence upon the host immunity.
Topics: Bacteroidaceae Infections; Humans; Periodontitis; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 24741603
DOI: 10.1155/2014/476068 -
Trends in Microbiology Apr 2021
Topics: Bacteroidaceae Infections; Gingipain Cysteine Endopeptidases; Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis
PubMed: 33546976
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.010 -
Nature Reviews. Microbiology Sep 2021The genus Prevotella includes more than 50 characterized species that occur in varied natural habitats, although most Prevotella spp. are associated with humans. In the... (Review)
Review
The genus Prevotella includes more than 50 characterized species that occur in varied natural habitats, although most Prevotella spp. are associated with humans. In the human microbiome, Prevotella spp. are highly abundant in various body sites, where they are key players in the balance between health and disease. Host factors related to diet, lifestyle and geography are fundamental in affecting the diversity and prevalence of Prevotella species and strains in the human microbiome. These factors, along with the ecological relationship of Prevotella with other members of the microbiome, likely determine the extent of the contribution of Prevotella to human metabolism and health. Here we review the diversity, prevalence and potential connection of Prevotella spp. in the human host, highlighting how genomic methods and analysis have improved and should further help in framing their ecological role. We also provide suggestions for future research to improve understanding of the possible functions of Prevotella spp. and the effects of the Western lifestyle and diet on the host-Prevotella symbiotic relationship in the context of maintaining human health.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Genetic Variation; Humans; Microbiota; Phylogeny; Prevotella
PubMed: 34050328
DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00559-y -
Infection 1980A review of immunological experiments with Sphaerophorus species and anaerobes of the Bacteroides fragilis group is presented. (Review)
Review
A review of immunological experiments with Sphaerophorus species and anaerobes of the Bacteroides fragilis group is presented.
Topics: Bacteroidaceae; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Serotyping
PubMed: 7005092
DOI: 10.1007/BF01639873 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... May 1994Over the last decade, biochemical and chemical analyses have been used widely to study the intrageneric structure of Bacteroidaceae. New chromogenic substrates (e.g.,... (Review)
Review
Over the last decade, biochemical and chemical analyses have been used widely to study the intrageneric structure of Bacteroidaceae. New chromogenic substrates (e.g., naphthylamide-linked compounds) and fluorogenic substrates (e.g., 4-methylumbelliferyl or 7-amido-4-methyl-coumarin compounds) can be used to identify certain species within a few hours under aerobic conditions. Clarification of the taxonomy of many oral anaerobic species that are now considered important putative periodontal pathogens has permitted the development of panels of both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for their detection. Similarly, both DNA and RNA gene probes, derived through nucleic acid sequence analysis, have been constructed for several species; many such probes are now commercially available. In the long term, the application of these techniques will lead to a better understanding of the distribution, transmission, and ecological and clinical importance of many species that have hitherto remained poorly characterized.
Topics: Bacteroidaceae; DNA Probes; Dental Plaque; Humans
PubMed: 8086577
DOI: 10.1093/clinids/18.supplement_4.s287 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated. Numerous studies have implicated the gut...
BACKGROUND
Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, and its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated. Numerous studies have implicated the gut microbiota in the development of thyroid disorders. This study employs Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in GD patients, aiming to offer novel insights into the etiology and treatment of Graves' disease.
METHODS
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to assess the causal relationship between Graves' disease and the gut microbiota composition. Gut microbiota data were sourced from the international consortium MiBioGen, while Graves' disease data were obtained from FINNGEN. Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables. Multiple analysis methods, including inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-RAPS, were utilized. Sensitivity analyses were conducted employing MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis as quality control measures.
RESULTS
The Mendelian randomization study conducted in a European population revealed a decreased risk of Graves' disease associated with (Odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.89 [0.89 ~ 0.90], adjusted value: <0.001), (OR: [95% CI]: 0.555 [0.437 ~ 0.706], adjusted value: <0.001), and (OR [95% CI]: 0.632 [0.492 ~ 0.811], adjusted value: 0.016). No significant evidence of heterogeneity, or horizontal pleiotropy was detected. Furthermore, the preliminary MR analysis identified 13 bacterial species including group and group, exhibiting significant associations with Graves' disease onset, suggesting potential causal effects.
CONCLUSION
A causal relationship exists between gut microbiota and Graves' disease. , , and emerge as protective factors against Graves' disease development. Prospective probiotic supplementation may offer a novel avenue for adjunctive treatment in the management of Graves' disease in the future.
Topics: Humans; Bacteroidaceae; Bacteroides; Veillonella; Prospective Studies; Graves Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study
PubMed: 38404289
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1288222 -
Microbiological Reviews Mar 1979
Review
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Antigens, Surface; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Vaccines; Bacteroidaceae; Bacteroides; Bacteroides Infections; Fusobacterium; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Lipopolysaccharides; Serotyping
PubMed: 379575
DOI: 10.1128/mr.43.1.103-115.1979 -
ELife Nov 2013Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Animal models suggest a role for...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Animal models suggest a role for intestinal bacteria in supporting the systemic immune response required for joint inflammation. Here we performed 16S sequencing on 114 stool samples from rheumatoid arthritis patients and controls, and shotgun sequencing on a subset of 44 such samples. We identified the presence of Prevotella copri as strongly correlated with disease in new-onset untreated rheumatoid arthritis (NORA) patients. Increases in Prevotella abundance correlated with a reduction in Bacteroides and a loss of reportedly beneficial microbes in NORA subjects. We also identified unique Prevotella genes that correlated with disease. Further, colonization of mice revealed the ability of P. copri to dominate the intestinal microbiota and resulted in an increased sensitivity to chemically induced colitis. This work identifies a potential role for P. copri in the pathogenesis of RA. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01202.001.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Prevotella
PubMed: 24192039
DOI: 10.7554/eLife.01202 -
Nordisk Veterinaermedicin Sep 1973
Review
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Bacteriological Techniques; Bacteroides; Culture Media; Humans; Methods
PubMed: 4588496
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Dec 2022The longitudinal studies have found that the human gut microbiota is stable over time with some major bacterial lineages or even strains persisting for years. This was...
The longitudinal studies have found that the human gut microbiota is stable over time with some major bacterial lineages or even strains persisting for years. This was recently extended to gut bacteriophages using the metagenomic data. Here, we focused on cultivation of the major Bacteroidetes of human gut, the Bacteroides and Phocaeicola strains, and their bacteriophages from two healthy donors. The persistence of Bacteroides and Phocaeicola species and strains was confirmed. We isolated 28 genetically different phages grouped into seven distinct clusters, two of these were new. Moreover, the bacteriophages from several groups, although being genetically quite homogeneous, had the ability to infect the strains belonging to different species isolated from several sampling time-points and different donors. We propose that the ability to infect several host species, which differ in their nutritional niches, may promote long-term persistence of dominant gut bacteriophage groups.
Topics: Humans; Host Specificity; Bacteroidaceae; Bacteriophages
PubMed: 36473906
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25636-x