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Nutrients Apr 2024Zinc deficiency affects the physical and intellectual development of school-age children, while studies on the effects on intestinal microbes and metabolites in...
Zinc deficiency affects the physical and intellectual development of school-age children, while studies on the effects on intestinal microbes and metabolites in school-age children have not been reported. School-age children were enrolled to conduct anthropometric measurements and serum zinc and serum inflammatory factors detection, and children were divided into a zinc deficiency group (ZD) and control group (CK) based on the results of serum zinc. Stool samples were collected to conduct metagenome, metabolome, and diversity analysis, and species composition analysis, functional annotation, and correlation analysis were conducted to further explore the function and composition of the gut flora and metabolites of children with zinc deficiency. Beta-diversity analysis revealed a significantly different gut microbial community composition between ZD and CK groups. For instance, the relative abundances of , , , sp000434735, and were more enriched in the ZD group, while probiotic bacteria showed the reverse trend. The functional profile of intestinal flora was also under the influence of zinc deficiency, as reflected by higher levels of various glycoside hydrolases in the ZD group. In addition, saccharin, the pro-inflammatory metabolites, and taurocholic acid, the potential factor inducing intestinal leakage, were higher in the ZD group. In conclusion, zinc deficiency may disturb the gut microbiome community and metabolic function profile of school-age children, potentially affecting human health.
Topics: Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Zinc; Child; Male; Female; Feces; Bacteria; Intestinal Mucosa; Metabolome; Intestines
PubMed: 38732540
DOI: 10.3390/nu16091289 -
Acta Biochimica Polonica 2024To explore the difference in intestinal microecology between patients with preeclampsia and pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. From January 2020 to...
To explore the difference in intestinal microecology between patients with preeclampsia and pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. From January 2020 to January 2022, clinical data, including blood routine, lipid profile, and renal function indicators, were gathered from a cohort consisting of 5 cases of preeclampsia and 34 cases of non-preeclampsia. The non-preeclampsia group was further categorized into 6 cases in the First trimester, 13 cases in the Second trimester, and 15 cases in the Third trimester. The data collection took place at the Obstetrics Department of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province. Additionally, fecal samples were obtained from each subject for 16S rDNA gene sequencing and subsequent analysis. The clinical data and composition characteristics of the gut microbiota in each group were analyzed, and the correlation between gut microbiota and clinical data was analyzed by the Spearman correlation analysis method. In comparison to pregnant women without preeclampsia, preeclampsia patients exhibited a statistically significant elevation in blood routine parameters (WBC, N, L, and PLT count), a rise in lipid-related indicators (TC, TG, and LDL-C levels), a reduction in HDL-C levels, and an increase in renal function-related indicators (Cr, BUN, UA and Pro levels). Compared with non-preeclampsia pregnant women, preeclampsia women exhibited an augmented diversity of gut microbiota. Differences in gut microbiota composition between the two groups were observed at the gate and genus levels. Moreover, there are significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between the preeclampsia group and the third-trimester group in terms of genus and species, and this difference is mainly caused by and _ and . In addition, actinobacteria, bifidobacterium at the genus level, and at the species level are positively correlated with clinically relevant indicators (excluding HDL-C). There are significant differences in gut microbiota between preeclampsia pregnant women and late pregnancy pregnant without preeclampsia, including and and . In addition, these differential bacteria are correlated with most clinical indicators. However, additional comprehensive analysis is required to ascertain the functional correlation between these bacteria and clinical indicators.
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Pre-Eclampsia; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Adult; Feces; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 38721310
DOI: 10.3389/abp.2024.12020 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Previous research has partially revealed distinct gut microbiota in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this study, we performed non-targeted fecal metabolomics in AS in...
OBJECTIVE
Previous research has partially revealed distinct gut microbiota in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In this study, we performed non-targeted fecal metabolomics in AS in order to discover the microbiome-metabolome interface in AS. Based on prospective cohort studies, we further explored the impact of the tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) on the gut microbiota and metabolites in AS.
METHODS
To further understand the gut microbiota and metabolites in AS, along with the influence of TNFi, we initiated a prospective cohort study. Fecal samples were collected from 29 patients with AS before and after TNFi therapy and 31 healthy controls. Metagenomic and metabolomic experiments were performed on the fecal samples; moreover, validation experiments were conducted based on the association between the microbiota and metabolites.
RESULTS
A total of 7,703 species were annotated using the metagenomic sequencing system and by profiling the microbial community taxonomic composition, while 50,046 metabolites were identified using metabolite profiling. Differential microbials and metabolites were discovered between patients with AS and healthy controls. Moreover, TNFi was confirmed to partially restore the gut microbiota and the metabolites. Multi-omics analysis of the microbiota and metabolites was performed to determine the associations between the differential microbes and metabolites, identifying compounds such as oxypurinol and biotin, which were correlated with the inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria and the promotion of the probiotic bacteria . Through experimental studies, the relationship between microbes and metabolites was further confirmed, and the impact of these two types of microbes on the enterocytes and the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) was explored.
CONCLUSION
In summary, multi-omics exploration elucidated the impact of TNFi on the gut microbiota and metabolites and proposed a novel therapeutic perspective: supplementation of compounds to inhibit potential pathogenic bacteria and to promote potential probiotics, therefore controlling inflammation in AS.
Topics: Humans; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Probiotics; Male; Female; Metabolome; Adult; Feces; Metagenomics; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Metabolomics; Bacteria; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
PubMed: 38711505
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369116 -
Cell Apr 2024The gut microbiota has been found to play an important role in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but the mechanisms have not...
The gut microbiota has been found to play an important role in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), but the mechanisms have not been established. Here, by developing a click-chemistry-based enrichment strategy, we identified several microbial-derived bile acids, including the previously uncharacterized 3-succinylated cholic acid (3-sucCA), which is negatively correlated with liver damage in patients with liver-tissue-biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). By screening human bacterial isolates, we identified Bacteroides uniformis strains as effective producers of 3-sucCA both in vitro and in vivo. By activity-based protein purification and identification, we identified an enzyme annotated as β-lactamase in B. uniformis responsible for 3-sucCA biosynthesis. Furthermore, we found that 3-sucCA is a lumen-restricted metabolite and alleviates MASH by promoting the growth of Akkermansia muciniphila. Together, our data offer new insights into the gut microbiota-liver axis that may be leveraged to augment the management of MASH.
PubMed: 38653239
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.034 -
Food Science & Nutrition Apr 2024Overweight and obesity are closely linked to gut dysbiosis/dysmetabolism and disrupted De-Ritis ratio [aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT)...
Overweight and obesity are closely linked to gut dysbiosis/dysmetabolism and disrupted De-Ritis ratio [aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio], which may contribute to chronic noncommunicable diseases onset. Concurrently, extensive research explores nutraceuticals, and health-enhancing supplements, for disease prevention or treatment. Thus, sedentary overweight volunteers were double-blind randomized into two groups: Novel Nutraceutical_(S) (without silymarin) and Novel Nutraceutical (with silymarin). Experimental formulations were orally administered twice daily over 180 consecutive days. We evaluated fecal gut microbiota, based on partial 16S rRNA sequences, biochemistry and endocrine markers, steatosis biomarker (AST/ALT ratio), and anthropometric parameters. Post-supplementation, only the Novel Nutraceutical group reduced (Firmicutes), Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (F/B ratio), and De-Ritis ratio, while elevating and (Bacteroidetes) in Brazilian sedentary overweight volunteers after 180 days. In summary, the results presented here allow us to suggest the gut microbiota as the action mechanism of the Novel Nutraceutical promoting metabolic hepatic recovery in obesity/overweight non-drug interventions.
PubMed: 38628220
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3927 -
Animal Cells and Systems 2024Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial...
Inhalation of ambient particulate matter (PM) can disrupt the gut microbiome, while exercise independently influences the gut microbiome by promoting beneficial bacteria. In this study, we analyzed changes in gut microbial diversity and composition in response to combined interventions of PM exposure and aerobic exercise, extending up to 12 weeks. This investigation was conducted using mice, categorized into five groups: control group (Con), exercise group (EXE), exercise group followed by 3-day exposure to PM (EXE + 3-day PM), particulate matter exposure (PM), and PM exposure with concurrent treadmill exercise (PME). Notably, the PM group exhibited markedly lower alpha diversity and richness compared to the Con group and our analysis of beta diversity revealed significant variations among the intervention groups. Members of the family showed significant enhancement in the exercise intervention groups (EXE and PME) compared to the Con and PM groups. The biomarker , and were enriched in the EXE group, while , , and were highly enriched in the PM group. Differential abundance analysis revealed that , , and were less abundant in the 12-week PM exposure group than in the 3-day PM exposure group. Moreover, both the 3-day and 12-week PM exposure groups exhibited a reduced relative abundance of , , and compared to non-PM exposure groups. These findings will help delineate the possible roles and associations of altered microbiota resulting from the studied interventions, paving the way for future mechanistic research.
PubMed: 38601060
DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2024.2338855 -
Nature Communications Mar 2024Multiple neurological disorders are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether GI distress...
Multiple neurological disorders are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether GI distress itself can modify aspects of behavior. Here, we show that mice that experience repeated colitis have impaired active social engagement, as measured by interactions with a foreign mouse, even though signs of colitis were no longer present. We then tested the hypothesis that individuals with ASD harbor a microbiota that might differentially influence GI health by performing microbiota transplantation studies into male germfree animals, followed by induction of colitis. Animals that harbor a microbiota from ASD individuals have worsened gut phenotypes when compared to animals colonized with microbiotas from familial neurotypical (NT) controls. We identify the enrichment of Blautia species in all familial NT controls and observe an association between elevated abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and reductions in intestinal injury. Oral treatment with either of these microbes reduces colon injury in mice. Finally, provision of a Blautia isolate from a NT control ameliorates gut injury-associated active social engagement in mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that past intestinal distress is associated with changes in active social behavior in mice that can be ameliorated by supplementation of members of the human microbiota.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mice; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Social Participation; Microbiota; Colitis; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Dietary Supplements
PubMed: 38553486
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46733-7 -
Veterinary Sciences Feb 2024The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the designed herbal formula (DHF) on growth performance, blood indices, organ traits, and cecum microbiology...
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the designed herbal formula (DHF) on growth performance, blood indices, organ traits, and cecum microbiology in broilers. A total of 96 male broilers of 1 d were selected and randomly assigned to two groups with six replicates of eight broilers each. The control (CON) and the basal diet containing 1.0% DHF (, Koidz., Linnaeus, and , 2:1:1:2) were fed separately. The experiment was conducted for 35 days. The results showed that the DHF diet increased body weight and decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) ( < 0.05). At 21 days, the spleen, thymus, lymphocytes, and thrombocytes were increased ( < 0.05), and pancreas, duodenum, heterophils, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were decreased ( < 0.05). At 35 days, the heart, pancreas, white blood cell, heterophils, hemoglobin, MCH and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were decreased, while lymphocytes and middle cells were increased ( < 0.05). The results of microbial diversity analysis showed that the DHF diet decreased the microbial diversity of the cecum. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, where the DHF diet increased the relative abundances of , , and , and then decreased the relative abundance of . In conclusion, DHF played a positive role in improving the growth performance, immune performance, and relative abundance of , , and in cecum microbiology in broilers, and has the potential to be used as a novel feed additive.
PubMed: 38535841
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11030107 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2024CoronaVac immunogenicity decreases with time, and we aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota associate with longer-term immunogenicity of CoronaVac. This was a...
CoronaVac immunogenicity decreases with time, and we aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota associate with longer-term immunogenicity of CoronaVac. This was a prospective cohort study recruiting two-dose CoronaVac recipients from three centres in Hong Kong. We collected blood samples at baseline and day 180 after the first dose and used chemiluminescence immunoassay to test for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing performed on baseline stool samples. The primary outcome was the NAb seroconversion rate (seropositivity defined as NAb ≥ 15AU/mL) at day 180. Linear discriminant analysis [LDA] effect size analysis was used to identify putative bacterial species and metabolic pathways. A univariate logistic regression model was used to derive the odds ratio (OR) of seropositivity with bacterial species. Of 119 CoronaVac recipients (median age: 53.4 years [IQR: 47.8-61.3]; male: 39 [32.8%]), only 8 (6.7%) remained seropositive at 6 months after vaccination. (logLDA score = 4.39) and (logLDA score = 3.89) were significantly enriched in seropositive than seronegative participants. Seropositivity was associated with (OR: 5.73; 95% CI: 1.32-29.55; = 0.022) and with borderline significance (OR: 3.27; 95% CI: 0.73-14.72; = 0.110). Additionally, was positively correlated with most enriched metabolic pathways in seropositive vaccinees, including the superpathway of adenosine nucleotide de novo biosynthesis I (logLDA score = 2.88) and II (logLDA score = 2.91), as well as pathways related to vitamin B biosynthesis, all of which are known to promote immune functions. In conclusion, certain gut bacterial species ( and ) and metabolic pathways were associated with longer-term CoronaVac immunogenicity.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Prospective Studies; Adenosine; Antibodies, Neutralizing; Antibodies, Viral; COVID-19 Vaccines; Vaccines, Inactivated
PubMed: 38473829
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052583 -
Gut Microbes 2024The mechanisms of how host-microbe mutualistic relationships are established at weaning contingently upon B-cell surveillance remain inadequately elucidated. We found...
The mechanisms of how host-microbe mutualistic relationships are established at weaning contingently upon B-cell surveillance remain inadequately elucidated. We found that plasmacyte (PC)-mediated promotion of IgA response regulates the symbiosis between () and the host during the weaning period. The IgA-skewed response of PCs is essential for to occupy a defined gut luminal niche, thereby fostering stable colonization. Furthermore, within the natural gut niche was perturbed in the absence of IgA, resulting in exacerbated gut inflammation in IgA-deficient mice and weaned piglets. Thus, we propose that the priming and maintenance of intestinal IgA response from PCs are required for host-microbial symbiosis, whereas the perturbation of which would enhance inflammation in weaning process.
Topics: Swine; Animals; Mice; Host Microbial Interactions; Weaning; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Inflammation; Immunoglobulin A; Bacteroides
PubMed: 38439579
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2323220