-
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Feb 1983Two men developed pneumoconiosis after grinding and packing powdered mica. The disease was characterised by progressive dyspnoea, a restrictive impairment of...
Two men developed pneumoconiosis after grinding and packing powdered mica. The disease was characterised by progressive dyspnoea, a restrictive impairment of ventilation, a reduced transfer factor, and hypoxaemia. Radiographs showed widespread fine nodular and linear shadows. Progression occurred after cessation of exposure, but this was much more pronounced in the man who died from coronary artery disease. Postmortem examination showed widespread fine fibrosis and nodules measuring up to 1.5 cm in diameter, all related to the deposition of doubly refractile crystals. Mineral formed over 9% of dry tissue weight, and electron microscopy and x-ray analysis showed it to be muscovite. Other minerals were not found.
Topics: Adult; Aluminum Silicates; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumoconiosis; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 6824595
DOI: 10.1136/oem.40.1.22 -
Biomedical Papers of the Medical... Dec 2014The authors review pulmonary aluminosis caused by exposure to dust containing aluminium and its compounds, mainly oxides. Special attention is paid to various factors of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The authors review pulmonary aluminosis caused by exposure to dust containing aluminium and its compounds, mainly oxides. Special attention is paid to various factors of occupational exposure as to an important etiologic issue. The condition has a rich and interesting history dating back to the 1930s. The most significant occupational exposures are associated with processes in bauxite smelting, the use of fine aluminium powder, exposure to aluminium welding fumes, grinding and polishing of aluminium materials.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A literature search for relevant scientific studies in English was performed using the following internet databases: relevant sections of The Cochrane Library, EBSCO Discovery Service, Ovid, ProQuest Science Journals, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Web of Knowledge. The initial clinical manifestations of pulmonary aluminosis are exertional dyspnea with dry, non-productive cough. Depending on the type and length of the occupational exposure, ventilatory defects may vary considerably from restrictive to obstructive pattern. Radiographic findings commonly showing nodular or slightly irregular opacities are predominantly located in the upper, less frequently in the lower lung fields, or can have a diffuse pattern. In advanced stages, severe pulmonary fibrosis with honeycombing occured.
CONCLUSIONS
Although pulmonary aluminosis is a very rare disease, it still occurs. Since the industrial importance and use of aluminium continue to rise, lung damage from exposure to respirable aluminium particles should not be overlooked but monitored and prevented. Even today, the pathophysiology of pulmonary aluminosis has not been explained as yet.
Topics: Aluminum; Humans; Lung; Occupational Exposure; Pneumoconiosis
PubMed: 24781042
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2014.017 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021Pneumoconiosis remains one of the most common and harmful occupational diseases in China, leading to huge economic losses to society with its high prevalence and costly...
Pneumoconiosis remains one of the most common and harmful occupational diseases in China, leading to huge economic losses to society with its high prevalence and costly treatment. Diagnosis of pneumoconiosis still strongly depends on the experience of radiologists, which affects rapid detection on large populations. Recent research focuses on computer-aided detection based on machine learning. These have achieved high accuracy, among which artificial neural network (ANN) shows excellent performance. However, due to imbalanced samples and lack of interpretability, wide utilization in clinical practice meets difficulty. To address these problems, we first establish a pneumoconiosis radiograph dataset, including both positive and negative samples. Second, deep convolutional diagnosis approaches are compared in pneumoconiosis detection, and a balanced training is adopted to promote recall. Comprehensive experiments conducted on this dataset demonstrate high accuracy (88.6%). Third, we explain diagnosis results by visualizing suspected opacities on pneumoconiosis radiographs, which could provide solid diagnostic reference for surgeons.
Topics: China; Humans; Machine Learning; Neural Networks, Computer; Pneumoconiosis; Radiography
PubMed: 34501684
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179091 -
Journal of Health, Population, and... Jun 2023Pneumoconiosis is a group of occupational lung diseases caused by the inhalation of mineral dust in the lungs, leading to lung dysfunction. Patients with pneumoconiosis...
BACKGROUND
Pneumoconiosis is a group of occupational lung diseases caused by the inhalation of mineral dust in the lungs, leading to lung dysfunction. Patients with pneumoconiosis are usually accompanied by weight loss, which suggests a lipid metabolism disorder. Recent progress in lipidomics uncovered detailed lipid profiles that play important roles in respiratory diseases, such as asthma, lung cancer and lung injury. The purpose of this study was to shed light on the different expression of lipidome between pneumoconiosis and healthy, hoping to bring new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis.
METHODOLOGY
This non-matching case-control study was performed among 96 subjects (48 outpatients with male pneumoconiosis and 48 healthy volunteers), data of clinical phenotypes were recorded, and plasma biochemistry (lipidomic profiles) was tested for both pneumoconiosis patients and healthy controls. A total of 426 species in 11 lipid classes were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QqQ-MS) for the cases and controls. We also analyzed the correlation of lipid profiles with clinical phenomes from pneumoconiosis patients by expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) model to evaluate trans-nodules between lipidomic profiles and clinical phenomes. All visually re-checked data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tools (t-test or one-way ANOVA test) on SPSS.
RESULTS
Compared with healthy people, 26 significantly increased (>β1.5-fold) and 30 decreased lipid elements (<β2/threefold) in patients with pneumoconiosis were identified (P values allβ<β0.05). The majority of those elevated lipid elements were phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs), and the minority were free fatty acids (FFAs), while phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) declined in pneumoconiosis. Clinical trans-omics analyses demonstrated that phenomes in pneumoconiosis connections with multiple lipids, which showed that pH, lung function, mediastinal lymph node calcification, and complication were highly correlated with lipid elements. Furthermore, up-regulated PE was corresponded to pH, smoking history and mediastinal lymph node calcification. PC was corresponded to dust exposure history, BMI and mediastinal lymph node calcification.
CONCLUSION
We found altered lipid panels between male pneumoconiosis patients and healthy people by qualitatively and quantitatively measured plasma lipidomic profiles. The trans-omic analysis between clinical phenomes and lipidomes might have the potential to uncover the heterogeneity of lipid metabolism of pneumoconiosis patients and to screen out clinically significant phenome-based lipid panels.
Topics: Male; Humans; Lipidomics; Case-Control Studies; Phenotype; Pneumoconiosis; Lipids; Dust
PubMed: 37322561
DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00400-7 -
British Journal of Industrial Medicine Apr 1971152-158. Lung function and exercise responses were investigated in two groups of Indian bagasse workers to assess whether there were any permanent sequelae following...
152-158. Lung function and exercise responses were investigated in two groups of Indian bagasse workers to assess whether there were any permanent sequelae following regular exposure to bagasse dust in a group of 12 men who had developed bagassosis and a group of six who had not. Ventilatory capacity, lung volumes, single breath carbon monoxide transfer factor (TF), diffusion capacity of the alveolar-capillary membrane (Dm), and volume of blood in the pulmonary capillaries (Vc) were measured, and then exercise responses were investigated with a cycle ergometer. The ventilatory response to hypercapnia was assessed by a modified re-breathing method. The group of 12 patients had small but significant reductions in lung volumes, TF, and Dm 7 to 10 years after the acute episode. The ventilatory responses to exercise and hypercapnia were increased but exercise capacity was normal and limited by the cardiovascular responses. Exercise hyperventilation was the likely explanation for the exertional dyspnoea in this group. Six of a group of workers who had been regularly exposed to mouldy bagasse dust without developing bagassosis and had a significant reduction in ventilatory capacity during exposure were found to have normal lung function and exercise responses two years after withdrawal from bagasse. Immunological reactivity to an extract of was found to have subsided after withdrawal from bagasse dust, although it can persist for six years. In a single case, disodium cromoglycate failed to suppress the late systemic reaction provoked by the inhalation test.
Topics: Blood Volume; Capillaries; Carbon Monoxide; Cromolyn Sodium; Dyspnea; Fungi; Humans; Hypercapnia; Lung; Male; Physical Exertion; Pneumoconiosis; Pulmonary Alveoli; Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity; Respiration; Spirometry
PubMed: 4995433
DOI: 10.1136/oem.28.2.152 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022This study aims to summarize the characteristics of diagnosed pneumoconiosis and pneumoconiosis death in the Hubei Province of China, between the years 1949 and 2019,...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to summarize the characteristics of diagnosed pneumoconiosis and pneumoconiosis death in the Hubei Province of China, between the years 1949 and 2019, and provide clues for the scientific prevention of pneumoconiosis.
METHODS
We recruited 23,069 pneumoconiosis cases in Hubei Province, China, from 1949 to 2019. Basic information and occupational surveillance information were obtained from the Hubei Occupational Diseases and Health Risk Factors Information Surveillance System.
RESULTS
The annually diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases showed an overall increasing trend from 1949 to 2019 in Hubei Province. The major types of pneumoconiosis were coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP, 49.91%) and silicosis (43.39%). Pneumoconiosis cases were mainly engaged in mining (75.32%) and manufacturing (12.72%), and were distributed in Huangshi (35.48%), Yichang (16.16%), and Jingzhou (7.97%). CWP (47.50%) and silicosis (44.65%) accounted for most of the deaths.
CONCLUSIONS
The number of pneumoconiosis cases and deaths in Hubei increased in the period of 1949 to 2019. Silicosis and CWP contributed to the predominant types of pneumoconiosis. Prevention and control measures should continue to be taken to reduce the morbidity and mortality of pneumoconiosis.
Topics: Humans; Coal Mining; Pneumoconiosis; Anthracosis; Silicosis; Occupational Diseases; China
PubMed: 36497874
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315799 -
British Medical Journal Jun 1972
Topics: Dust; Humans; International Cooperation; Pneumoconiosis
PubMed: 5032780
DOI: No ID Found -
British Medical Journal Aug 1973
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Coal Mining; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumoconiosis; Pulmonary Emphysema; Radiography
PubMed: 4723827
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5875.351 -
British Medical Journal Sep 1972
Topics: Coal Mining; Humans; Male; Pneumoconiosis; Pulmonary Emphysema; Radiography; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 4650861
DOI: No ID Found -
Environmental Geochemistry and Health Oct 2023Exposure to dust from the mining environment has historically resulted in epidemic levels of mortality and morbidity from pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis, coal... (Review)
Review
Exposure to dust from the mining environment has historically resulted in epidemic levels of mortality and morbidity from pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), and asbestosis. Studies have shown that CWP remains a critical issue at collieries across the globe, with some countries facing resurgent patterns of the disease and additional pathologies from long-term exposure. Compliance measures to reduce dust exposure rely primarily on the assumption that all "fine" particles are equally toxic irrespective of source or chemical composition. For several ore types, but more specifically coal, such an assumption is not practical due to the complex and highly variable nature of the material. Additionally, several studies have identified possible mechanisms of pathogenesis from the minerals and deleterious metals in coal. The purpose of this review was to provide a reassessment of the perspectives and strategies used to evaluate the pneumoconiotic potency of coal mine dust. Emphasis is on the physicochemical characteristics of coal mine dust such as mineralogy/mineral chemistry, particle shape, size, specific surface area, and free surface area-all of which have been highlighted as contributing factors to the expression of pro-inflammatory responses in the lung. The review also highlights the potential opportunity for more holistic risk characterisation strategies for coal mine dust, which consider the mineralogical and physicochemical aspects of the dust as variables relevant to the current proposed mechanisms for CWP pathogenesis.
Topics: Humans; Dust; Pneumoconiosis; Coal Mining; Coal; Minerals; Occupational Exposure
PubMed: 37131112
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01583-y