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Diagnostic Pathology Dec 2022Barium sulfate is utilized for imaging of the gastrointestinal tract and is usually not deposited within the wall of the intestine. It is thought that mucosal injury may... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Barium sulfate is utilized for imaging of the gastrointestinal tract and is usually not deposited within the wall of the intestine. It is thought that mucosal injury may allow barium sulfate to traverse the mucosa, and allow deposition to occur uncommonly. Most pathology textbooks describe the typical barium sulfate deposition pattern as small granular accumulation in macrophages, and do not describe the presence of larger rhomboid crystals. This review will summarize the clinical background, radiographic, gross, and microscopic features of barium sulfate deposition in the gastrointestinal tract. A review of the PubMed database was performed to identify all published cases of barium sulfate deposition in the gastrointestinal tract that have been confirmed by pathologic examination.
CONCLUSIONS
A review of the literature shows that the most common barium sulfate deposition pattern in the gastrointestinal tract is finely granular deposition (30 previously described cases), and less commonly large rhomboid crystals are seen (19 cases) with or without finely granular deposition. The fine granules are typically located in macrophages, while rhomboid crystals are usually extracellular. There are various methods to support that the foreign material is indeed barium sulfate, however, only a minority of studies perform ancillary testing. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) can be useful for definitive confirmation. This review emphasizes the importance of recognizing both patterns of barium sulfate deposition, and the histologic differential diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Barium Sulfate; Gastrointestinal Tract
PubMed: 36585714
DOI: 10.1186/s13000-022-01283-8 -
Academic Radiology Jan 2007Oral contrast agents used during CT colonography (CTC) are valuable and may reduce false positive and false negative detections due to stool and residual fluid.... (Review)
Review
Oral contrast agents used during CT colonography (CTC) are valuable and may reduce false positive and false negative detections due to stool and residual fluid. Electronic cleansing algorithms are feasible, and oral contrast agents can eliminate the CTC requirement for a clean colon. Recent work shows oral contrast frequently adheres to polyps, with a preference for those with villous histology, a characteristic of advanced polyps. This finding encourages the development of contrast agents that highlight polyps at greatest risk for progression to malignancy. Our review summarizes numerous aspects of oral barium sulfate contrast agents as well as tests to assess adherence and coating ability of the agents, offering arenas to explore and tools for evaluation.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Barium Sulfate; Colonography, Computed Tomographic; Contrast Media; Humans
PubMed: 17178368
DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2006.10.002 -
The American Journal of the Medical... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Male; Barium Sulfate; Respiratory Aspiration; Barium; Female
PubMed: 38311288
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.01.023 -
The Journal of the Royal College of... Mar 2021
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Contrast Media; Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33877141
DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2021.118 -
Journal of Chromatography. A Nov 2022Barium sulfate (BaSO) content is used to evaluate the grade of barite ore. In the present study, we report a method to determine the BaSO content in barite ore by phase...
Barium sulfate (BaSO) content is used to evaluate the grade of barite ore. In the present study, we report a method to determine the BaSO content in barite ore by phase conversion-headspace gas chromatography with partial pressure correction. In this method, the ore sample is roasted with sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate after pretreatment with hydrochloric acid. The roasted product is subsequently placed in a closed headspace bottle to react with hydrochloric acid. The ratio of CO to O signals is detected by a thermal conductivity detector for gas chromatography. Finally, the BaSO content in barite ore is calculated using this ratio. The method demonstrates good precision (relative standard deviation < 0.84%) and accuracy (relative error < 3.40%), with the uncertainty at 95% confidence interval at approximately +/- 0.57%. Moreover, this approach is expected to be used for the batch testing of BaSO content in barite ores in industrial applications.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Partial Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Hydrochloric Acid; Chromatography, Gas
PubMed: 36228572
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463547 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2019We have shown that barium [from BaSO nanoparticles (NPs)] was cleared from the lungs faster than other poorly soluble NPs and translocated mostly to bone. We now studied...
We have shown that barium [from BaSO nanoparticles (NPs)] was cleared from the lungs faster than other poorly soluble NPs and translocated mostly to bone. We now studied barium biokinetics in rats during Study 1: two-year inhalation exposure to 50 mg/m BaSO NP aerosols, and Study 2: single intratracheal (IT) instillation of increasing doses of BaSO NPs or BaCl. Study 1 showed that lung barium content measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry increased during 360 days of BaSO NP aerosol exposures. An equilibrium was established from that time until 2 years. Barium concentrations in BaSO-exposed animals were in the order (lungs > lymph nodes > hard bone > bone marrow > liver). In Study 2, there was an increase in lung barium post-IT instillation of BaSO NPs while barium from BaCl was mostly cleared by day 28. Transmission electron microscopy showed intact BaSO NPs in alveolar macrophages and type II epithelial cells, and in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. Using stimulated Raman scattering microscopy, specific BaSO Raman spectra were detected in BaSO NP-instilled lungs and not in other organs. Thus, we posit that barium from BaSO NPs translocates from the lungs mainly after dissolution. Barium ions are then incorporated mostly into the bone and other organs.
Topics: Aerosols; Animals; Barium Sulfate; Inhalation Exposure; Lung; Macrophages, Alveolar; Nanoparticles; Rats; Tissue Distribution
PubMed: 31160608
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44551-2 -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Aug 2019
Topics: Administration, Oral; Aged, 80 and over; Barium Sulfate; Bronchoscopy; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Humans; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Radiography; Suction
PubMed: 31355893
DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2019.097 -
Journal of Texture Studies Dec 2023During videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), barium sulfate (BaSO ) is commonly added into food samples as a radiopaque contrast media for bolus visualization and...
During videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), barium sulfate (BaSO ) is commonly added into food samples as a radiopaque contrast media for bolus visualization and examination. Accordingly, the consistency and flow behavior of barium stimuli can differ significantly from their non-barium counterparts. Such differences may have a subsequent impact on the validity of VFSS. Therefore, in this study, effects of barium sulfate on the shear and extensional rheological properties and IDDSI (International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative) flow consistency of liquids prepared using various commercial thickening powders were investigated. Results showed that all barium stimuli exhibited shear thinning behavior but with significantly higher shear viscosity compared to the non-barium counterparts. A shift factor of viscosity at shear rate 50 s with values in range of 1.21-1.73 could be used to describe the increase in the viscosity for samples thickened with gum-based thickeners. However, the change in the viscosity was not invariant for the stimuli prepared starch-based thickener. The addition of BaSO had a negative impact on extensional properties of samples by demonstrating a faster filament rupture. The extent of impact on the decrease in filament breakup time was more pronounced in xanthan > guar gum ≈ tara gum-based thickeners. Based on the IDDSI flow test, no significant effect of BaSO was found on the gum-based thickeners, whereas there was a marked effect in the starch-based sample. These results can be used beneficially to assist clinicians in the dysphagia diagnosis for matching rheological properties of the barium stimuli to enhance effectiveness dysphagia interventions.
Topics: Humans; Deglutition Disorders; Deglutition; Barium Sulfate; Barium; Powders; Food Additives; Starch
PubMed: 37340614
DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12784 -
Annales Francaises D'anesthesie Et de... Apr 1999We report a case with neurologic symptoms which occurred after iterative radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract with barium sulphate, which were related...
We report a case with neurologic symptoms which occurred after iterative radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract with barium sulphate, which were related to a barium encephalopathy. Suspected by the presence of barium in the blood, a systematic intoxication was occurred without any evidence for a gut or a vascular leak. This case raises the question about a possible extraluminal diffusion of such a heavy metal, given orally, in normal conditions of use.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Digestive System; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Radiography
PubMed: 10365209
DOI: 10.1016/s0750-7658(99)80096-3 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023In this paper, methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA) was found to have great influence on the morphology and particle size of barium sulfate. The effects of additive,...
In this paper, methyl glycine diacetic acid (MGDA) was found to have great influence on the morphology and particle size of barium sulfate. The effects of additive, concentration, value of pH and reaction temperature on the morphology and particle size of barium sulfate were studied in detail. The results show that the concentration of reactant and temperature have little effect on the particle size of barium sulfate. However, the pH conditions of the solution and the dosage of MGDA can apparently affect the particle size distribution of barium sulfate. The particle size of barium sulfate particles increases and the morphology changes from polyhedral to rice-shaped with the decreasing of the dosage of MGDA. In solution with higher pH, smaller and rice-shaped barium sulfate was obtained. To investigate the interacting mechanism of MGDA, the binding energy between MGDA and barium sulfate surface was calculated. It was found that the larger absolute value of the binding energy would result in stronger growth inhibition on the crystal face. Finally, the experimental data and theoretical calculations were combined to elucidate the interacting mechanism of the additive on the morphology and particle size of barium sulfate.
Topics: Barium Sulfate; Particle Size; Temperature; Surface Properties
PubMed: 36677780
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020726