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American Family Physician Jun 2019The Bartholin glands, located in the base of the labia minora, have a role in vaginal lubrication. Because of the presence of other glands, removal of a Bartholin gland...
The Bartholin glands, located in the base of the labia minora, have a role in vaginal lubrication. Because of the presence of other glands, removal of a Bartholin gland does not affect lubrication. Ductal blockage of these typically pea-sized structures can result in enlargement of the gland and subsequent development of Bartholin duct cysts or gland abscesses. Two percent of women will develop a cyst or an abscess in their lifetime, and physicians should be familiar with the range of treatment options. Bartholin duct cysts and gland abscesses can be treated in the office. The healing and recurrence rates are similar among fistulization, marsupialization, and silver nitrate and alcohol sclerotherapy. Needle aspiration and incision and drainage, the two simplest procedures, are not recommended because of the relatively increased recurrence rate.
Topics: Abscess; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Bartholin's Glands; Cysts; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 31194482
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Sep 2017Bartholin gland carcinoma is an extremely rare condition. Because of its, phase III trials have not been carried out, there exists no unanimous consensus on treatment... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Bartholin gland carcinoma is an extremely rare condition. Because of its, phase III trials have not been carried out, there exists no unanimous consensus on treatment and guidelines are missing.
METHODS
All studies reporting cases of Bartholin cancer were collected and screened for the evaluations. Baseline characteristics of studies were extracted and were queried in a database.
RESULTS
A total number of 133 manuscripts collected were available for the review process, representing a total number of 275 reported cases. The histological type of Bartholin gland cancer was specified in 90.4% cases: 30.7% cases were squamous cell carcinoma, 29.6% adenoid cystic carcinoma, 25% adenocarcinomas. At multivariate analysis adenocarcinoma histotype and positive lymph node were statistical correlated with worse prognosis.
CONCLUSION
Bartholin gland cancer remains a challenge for gynecologic oncologists. To better understand and treat this disease, centralization to referral centers and design of multi institutional trials is crucial.
Topics: Animals; Bartholin's Glands; Female; Humans; Prognosis; Vaginal Neoplasms
PubMed: 28807231
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.06.005 -
Primary Care Dec 2021While Bartholin gland abscesses are less commonly seen outpatient pathology, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to preventing serious complications such as... (Review)
Review
While Bartholin gland abscesses are less commonly seen outpatient pathology, prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to preventing serious complications such as sepsis and rectovaginal fistula. Owing to an unacceptably high recurrence rate, simple incision and drainage is insufficient for primary treatment; preferably, placement of a Word catheter or Jacobi ring device to reepithelize the duct may be done under local anesthesia in an outpatient clinic. Destruction of the gland through silver nitrate application or alcohol sclerotherapy is an alternative. Marsupialization is often reserved for recurrent cases, although can be offered as primary management in some situations.
Topics: Abscess; Bartholin's Glands; Cysts; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Office Management
PubMed: 34752270
DOI: 10.1016/j.pop.2021.07.013 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Humans; Female; Bartholin's Glands; Cysts
PubMed: 36879636
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.174.38017 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Jul 2020In this case report we present a case of endometriosis in the Bartholin gland without surgery in the perineal area. So far, only five cases concerning endometriosis in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In this case report we present a case of endometriosis in the Bartholin gland without surgery in the perineal area. So far, only five cases concerning endometriosis in the Bartholin gland, which may or may not be an isolated finding, have been reported in the literature.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 31-year-old Indo-surinamese woman with primary infertility presented at our out-patient clinic with cyclical vulvar pain. On gynecological examination, a cyst of 1 × 2 cm was found in the right gland of Bartholin. A transvaginal ultrasound revealed normal gynecological anatomy and did not reveal any contributing information. Due to the recurring pain of the cyst, surgery was scheduled. During surgery, the marsupialization of the cyst resulted in drainage of a chocolate-colored fluid. Pathological examination revealed stroma lined with non-typical columnar epithelium with hemosiderin pigments, which confirmed a diagnosis of endometriosis in the Bartholin gland.
CONCLUSION
Our findings revealed a case of endometriosis outside the pelvis, without any deep intraperitoneal involvement. So far, only five cases concerning endometriosis in the Bartholin gland, which may or may not be an isolated finding, have been reported in literature.
Topics: Adult; Bartholin's Glands; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Vulvar Diseases
PubMed: 32605643
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02424-7 -
Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease Oct 2014Most lesions of the Bartholin gland are cysts or abscesses. Clinicians are taught that lesions of the Bartholin gland occurring in older women should raise the... (Review)
Review
Most lesions of the Bartholin gland are cysts or abscesses. Clinicians are taught that lesions of the Bartholin gland occurring in older women should raise the differential diagnosis of malignancy, although these are uncommon. A variety of more unusual and rare lesions of the Bartholin gland have been reported. This review focuses on these less common entities, which must be considered as well when encountering pathology of the Bartholin gland.
Topics: Abscess; Bartholin's Glands; Cysts; Female; Humans; Vulvar Diseases
PubMed: 24914884
DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000016 -
Surgical Oncology Jun 2013Primary carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland is a very rare malignancy of the vulva. Of the utmost importance in the management of these tumors is the management by... (Review)
Review
Primary carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland is a very rare malignancy of the vulva. Of the utmost importance in the management of these tumors is the management by specialized gynecological oncologist at referral centres. Gynecologists should always consider these unusual neoplasms as a differential diagnosis of potentially benigns lesions of Bartholin's gland. Treatment modality must be tailored to each patient: each histological type of these unusual neoplasms has their natural history and may require a different level of operative aggressiveness to obtain the optimal outcome. Given the rarity of this disease, there have been no prospective randomized trials to evaluate optimal treatment. Therapeutic principles in the management of median vulvar cancer are applicable for Bartholin's gland carcinoma. In this review, we aim to update the current knowledge on the treatment of Bartholin's gland carcinoma.
Topics: Bartholin's Glands; Female; Humans; Incidence; United States; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 23499140
DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2013.02.004 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Dec 2021Bartholin gland carcinomas are rare types of tumours, accounting for less than 1% among females. This case report is of a 20-years patient in her 16th week of pregnancy...
Bartholin gland carcinomas are rare types of tumours, accounting for less than 1% among females. This case report is of a 20-years patient in her 16th week of pregnancy who presented with pain and swelling in the left groin for two weeks. Examination showed a well-defined fixed swelling with induration in the left vulva, with an irregular margin and a diameter of about 5 cm, just at the Bartholin's gland site with two palpable ipsilateral lymph nodes. Bartholin's gland abscess was suspected. The decision was to drain the pus under general anaesthesia. During the procedure, a hard mass was felt at the left Bartholin glands region. The incision was extended, which unraveled a 5*5 cm abnormal-looking mass; it was hard and fixed to the adjacent tissues. Histopathology confirmed adenocarcinoma of Bartholin gland in stage III. The oncologist advised pregnancy termination and chemoradiation. Although surgical excision is essential for treating tumours, still, a multimodal approach can prove to be more effective.
Topics: Abscess; Adenocarcinoma; Bartholin's Glands; Drainage; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 35130249
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncology 2020Background and summary: Among all vulvar cancers, primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a very rare tumor characterized by a slow growth, a high... (Review)
Review
Background and summary: Among all vulvar cancers, primary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a very rare tumor characterized by a slow growth, a high local aggressiveness, and a remarkable recurrence rate. Due to its rarity, treatment remains a challenge for oncologists and gynecological surgeons. Key message: The present paper reports clinical, radiological, and histological features of ACC of Bartholin's gland and reviews the literature data on the treatment options with a particular focus on the potential role of particle radiation therapy.
Topics: Bartholin's Glands; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Female; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Rare Diseases; Risk Factors; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 32408297
DOI: 10.1159/000506485 -
International Journal of Surgical... Apr 2022Nodular hyperplasia of the Bartholin's gland is an underreported and extremely rare entity that presents as a solid lesion potentially raising concern for malignancy...
Nodular hyperplasia of the Bartholin's gland is an underreported and extremely rare entity that presents as a solid lesion potentially raising concern for malignancy clinically, most solid lesions at this location are carcinomas. They may also be mistaken for a Bartholin cyst clinically. Nodular hyperplasia is rarer than carcinoma of the Bartholin gland, and hence pathologists may not be familiar with this entity, making it a pitfall in pathologic as well as a clinical diagnosis. Here we report a case originally considered a Bartholin cyst, but raising intraoperative concern due to solid elements. Histological examination of the lesion revealed nodular hyperplasia of Bartholin's gland. Recognition of this entity is important, as it is something that may be encountered by the pathologist.
Topics: Bartholin's Glands; Carcinoma; Cysts; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 34142902
DOI: 10.1177/10668969211027268