-
European Journal of Histochemistry : EJH Mar 2019Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its inhibitory splice variant, VEGF165b and Endocrine Gland derived VEGF (EG-VEGF) have a controversial role in pituitary...
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its inhibitory splice variant, VEGF165b and Endocrine Gland derived VEGF (EG-VEGF) have a controversial role in pituitary gland. We aim to study VEGF, VEGF165b and EG-VEGF expression in pituitary adenomas. A significant correlation was found between growth hormone (GH) and VEGF secretion (P=0.024). For prolactinomas, VEGF and prolactin expression, had a P-value of 0.02 for Kendall coefficient and a P-value of 0.043 for the Spearman coefficient. VEGF-mRNA amplification was detected in both tumor cells and folliculostellate cells. VEGF165b was positive in 16.66% of pituitary adenomas. EG-VEGF was significantly correlated with prolactin (P=0.025) and luteinizing hormone (P=0.028). Our data strongly support VEGF, VEGF165b and EG-VEGF as important players of pituitary adenomas tumorigenesis. Particular hormonal milieu heterogeneity, special vascular network with an unusual reactivity to tumor growth correlated with variability of VEGF, VEGF165b and EG-VEGF secretion may stratify pituitary adenomas in several molecular groups with a direct impact on therapy and prognosis.
Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Acidophil; Adenoma, Basophil; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Pituitary Hormones; Pituitary Neoplasms; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Endocrine-Gland-Derived
PubMed: 30838843
DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.3010 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Dec 1956
Topics: Adenoma, Basophil; Basophils; Humans; Neoplasms; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 13389465
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Feb 1979A consecutive series of 101 pituitary tumours treated in the 10 year period 1968-78 has been examined, giant lesions being excluded. There were 48 female cases and 53...
A consecutive series of 101 pituitary tumours treated in the 10 year period 1968-78 has been examined, giant lesions being excluded. There were 48 female cases and 53 male, women predominating in the ratio of three to two in the age group 40-50 years and men showing a slight predominance in the age group 50-60 years. Most cases presented with visual deterioration which in 22 cases had been present for between one and two years, and in a further 22 for an even longer period, between two and 10 years. All patients underwent subfrontal craniotomy with mainly radical excision of the tumour followed by radiotherapy. The operative mortality was 0.99%. A system of grading of visual field defect has been described and used to compare preoperatively visual loss with postoperative visual recovery. Fifty-six per cent of cases returned to normal vision over the first two years, and a further 37% showed appreciable improvement in visual fields or acuity or both. Six per cent of cases showed no improvement in visual fields, and one patient died of postoperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The degree of visual improvement has been correlated with the extent of visual defect, length of visual complaint, and size of the tumour. The importance of central and peripheral visual field analysis is emphasised yet again.
Topics: Adenoma, Acidophil; Adenoma, Basophil; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Adult; Aged; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Vision Disorders; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields
PubMed: 217970
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.42.2.123 -
British Medical Journal Feb 1935
PubMed: 20778876
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.3868.356 -
Obesity Research Sep 1994
Topics: Adenoma, Basophil; Cushing Syndrome; Female; History, 20th Century; Humans; Obesity; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 16353601
DOI: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1994.tb00097.x -
The American Journal of Pathology Sep 1991To study the relationship between null cell adenomas, oncocytomas and gonadotroph adenomas, we analyzed 32 surgically removed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pituitary...
To study the relationship between null cell adenomas, oncocytomas and gonadotroph adenomas, we analyzed 32 surgically removed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pituitary tumors for the expression of pituitary hormone messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by in situ hybridization (ISH). Most tumors were also analyzed for chromogranin A mRNA. To identify the cell type constituting the tumors and to assess hormone content, all tumors were investigated by histology, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Most null cell adenomas (6/11) and gonadotroph adenomas (9/10) expressed the mRNAs for alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones whereas only 2/11 oncocytomas expressed alpha-subunit mRNA. FSH beta and/or LH beta mRNA were present in most null cell and gonadotroph adenomas but only in a few oncocytomas. Prolactin (PRL) mRNA was detected in two null cell tumors and in one gonadotroph adenoma, whereas GH and POMC mRNA were present in one null cell adenoma. Chromogranin A mRNA, which codes for the major secretory granule protein, was present in 25/26 tumors including all tumors that were negative for pituitary hormone mRNAs, indicating adequate preservation of specific mRNA transcripts in the paraffin-embedded sections of tumor cells. These results indicate that null cell adenomas and gonadotroph adenomas are closely related neoplasms and that oncocytomas may represent a functionally defective form of null cell adenoma characterized by mitochondrial abundance, which has retained the capacity to synthesize the major secretory granule protein chromogranin A. Although the cytogenesis of null cell adenomas and oncocytomas is not clear, it can be suggested that these two tumor types are derived from a pluripotential precursor cell that is capable of undergoing multidirectional differentiation and synthesizing various hormones, mainly glycoproteins.
Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Basophil; Chromogranin A; Chromogranins; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Pituitary Hormones; Pituitary Neoplasms; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 1653518
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of Surgery Sep 1978Cushing's syndrome may be caused by pituitary ACTH, ectopically produced ACTH, adrenocortical tumor or medication. Cushing's disease, due to excessive pituitary ACTH...
Cushing's syndrome may be caused by pituitary ACTH, ectopically produced ACTH, adrenocortical tumor or medication. Cushing's disease, due to excessive pituitary ACTH resulting in adrenocortical hyperplasia, remains a complex endocrine disorder for which no single treatment is wholly satisfactory. Twenty-two patients with surgically treated Cushing's syndrome are presented: Four with benign adrenocortical adenoma, two with adrenocortical carcinoma and 16 with adrenocortical hyperplasia. The four benign adenomas were excised with the one death due to respiratory failure and sepsis. Both patients with carcinoma and liver metastases died of their tumors. Of the 16 patients with adrenocortical hyperplasia and Cushing's disease, eight underwent subtotal adrenalectomy and thereafter eight had total intra-abdominal adrenalectomy with autotransplantation of adrenal tissue to the thigh. There was one operative death. Total adrenalectomy has now replaced subtotal resection in most clinics. All eight of the patients who had adrenal autotransplantation exhibited biopsy or functional evidence of some degree of graft survival. On patient stopped steroid replacement permanently and another developed recurrent Cushing's syndrome from the grafts. Of a total of 26 reported patients with adrenal autotransplants surveyed, 22 exhibited evidence of graft survival, 16 were able to discontinue steroid replacement therapy and three eventually developed recurrent Cushing's syndrome from the transplants. There is now strong evidence that most patients with Cushing's disease harbor a pituitary basophil ademona, and in the future the initial surgical attack may be directed to the pituitary rather than to the adrenals.
Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenalectomy; Adult; Carcinoma; Cushing Syndrome; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graft Survival; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 686895
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-197809000-00004 -
The American Journal of Pathology Mar 1934
PubMed: 19970135
DOI: No ID Found -
Environmental Health Perspectives Jan 2003Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is carcinogenic to the B6C3F(1) mouse and the F344 rat. Given the carcinogenic potential of DCA in rodent liver and the known concentrations of...
Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is carcinogenic to the B6C3F(1) mouse and the F344 rat. Given the carcinogenic potential of DCA in rodent liver and the known concentrations of this compound in drinking water, reliable biologically based models to reduce the uncertainty of risk assessment for human exposure to DCA are needed. Development of such models requires identification and quantification of premalignant hepatic lesions, identification of the doses at which these lesions occur, and determination of the likelihood that these lesions will progress to cancer. In this study we determined the dose response of histopathologic changes occurring in the livers of mice exposed to DCA (0.05-3.5 g/L) for 26-100 weeks. Lesions were classified as foci of cellular alteration smaller than one liver lobule (altered hepatic foci; AHF), foci of cellular alteration larger than one liver lobule (large foci of cellular alteration; LFCA), adenomas (ADs), or carcinomas (CAs). Histopathologic analysis of 598 premalignant lesions revealed that (a)) each lesion class had a predominant phenotype; (b)) AHF, LFCA, and AD demonstrated neoplastic progression with time; and (c)) independent of DCA dose and length of exposure effects, some toxic/adaptive changes in non-involved liver were related to this neoplastic progression. A lesion sequence for carcinogenesis in male B6C3F(1) mouse liver has been proposed that will enable development of a biologically based mathematical model for DCA. Because all classes of premalignant lesions and CAs were found at both lower and higher doses, these data are consistent with the conclusion that nongenotoxic mechanisms, such as negative selection, are relevant to DCA carcinogenesis at lower doses where DCA genotoxicity has not been observed.
Topics: Adenoma, Acidophil; Adenoma, Basophil; Adenoma, Liver Cell; Animals; Carcinogenicity Tests; Dichloroacetic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycogen; Linear Models; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred Strains; Necrosis; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Water Pollutants
PubMed: 12515679
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.5442 -
The American Journal of Pathology May 1976
Topics: Adenoma, Acidophil; Adenoma, Basophil; Adenoma, Chromophobe; Animals; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior; Pituitary Neoplasms; Rats
PubMed: 178187
DOI: No ID Found