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IUCrData Jul 2023In the crystal structure of the title compound, CHClNO, the mol-ecules form a three-dimensional network based on two types of hydrogen bonds between NH groups and the...
In the crystal structure of the title compound, CHClNO, the mol-ecules form a three-dimensional network based on two types of hydrogen bonds between NH groups and the carbonyl oxygen atoms and amides. The mol-ecule is highly twisted, as evidenced by the dihedral angle between the 6-oxo-1,6-di-hydro-pyridine and benzene rings [88.1 (2)°].
PubMed: 37937128
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314623006028 -
Medicine Apr 2024Protein powders, including those containing herbal and dietary supplements such as vitamins, minerals, and other natural or synthetic ingredients, can be associated with...
Protein powders, including those containing herbal and dietary supplements such as vitamins, minerals, and other natural or synthetic ingredients, can be associated with hepatotoxicity. Protein supplements are often mislabeled and deceptive in their contents. In this self-funded transparent study, we extensively analyzed popular protein supplements in India to identify potential hepatotoxic substances based on industrial standards. All products underwent extensive analysis, including total protein content, fungal aflatoxin detection, pesticide residue estimation, heavy metal quantification, steroid detection, and complete organic and inorganic profiling, according to industry standards. Most protein supplements did not meet the labeled and advertised protein content, while certain brands surpassed the stated levels, raising concerns about potential "protein/amino-spiking." In addition, the major brands contained detectable fungal toxins and pesticide residues. Furthermore, many major formulations contained harmful heavy metals such as lead and arsenic, and some featured hepatoxic herbal extracts, particularly green tea extract, turmeric, Garcinia cambogia, and Ashwagandha. Indian-made products were inferior to those manufactured by multinational companies. The presence of various potentially toxic compounds, such as cycloheptatriene, benzene derivatives, toluene, and isopropyl alcohol, within a nonstandardized and unregulated diverse ingredient mix added to the overall concern. We demonstrate that the protein-based herbal and dietary supplement industry requires stringent scrutiny, regulation, and basic safety studies before being marketed. Manufacturers must consider reducing "ingredient complexities" of their protein powders to prevent adverse interactions between herbal and nonherbal components in consumers. Manufacturers must avoid using known toxic ingredients to reduce the avoidable disease burden within the public community.
Topics: Humans; Metals, Heavy; Arsenic; Dietary Supplements; Vitamins; Antioxidants
PubMed: 38579036
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037724 -
IUCrData Aug 2023The majority of the title mol-ecule, CHClNOS, is disordered over two closely spaced sets of sites; the site occupancy of the major component = 0.542 (3). The...
The majority of the title mol-ecule, CHClNOS, is disordered over two closely spaced sets of sites; the site occupancy of the major component = 0.542 (3). The conformation of each component is approximately U-shaped with the chloro-benzene ring forming the base and the indolinyl and sulfamoyl groups the sides; an intra-molecular C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bond possibly contributes to the stabilization of the conformation. In the crystal, a corrugated layer structure parallel to the plane is formed by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds together with C-H⋯π(ring) inter-actions.
PubMed: 37693779
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314623006995 -
IUCrData Oct 2023The conformation of the title mol-ecule, CHClFNO, is partly determined by an intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond, which leads to a dihedral angle of 14.7 (4)°...
The conformation of the title mol-ecule, CHClFNO, is partly determined by an intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond, which leads to a dihedral angle of 14.7 (4)° between the fluoro-benzene ring and the acetamide group. The 2-chloro-benzyl group is rotationally disordered over two orientations in a 0.656 (2): 0.344 (2) ratio. In the crystal, a layered structure is formed by N-H⋯O, C-H⋯O and C-H⋯F hydrogen bonds plus slipped π-π stacking inter-actions.
PubMed: 37936589
DOI: 10.1107/S241431462300901X -
IUCrData Nov 2023The title compound, CHFNO, was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of the indazole N-H hydrogen atom of methyl 1-indazole-3-carboxyl-ate with...
The title compound, CHFNO, was synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of the indazole N-H hydrogen atom of methyl 1-indazole-3-carboxyl-ate with 1-(bromo-meth-yl)-4-fluoro-benzene. In the crystal, some hydrogen-bond-like inter-actions are observed.
PubMed: 38313071
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314623009951 -
IUCrData Aug 2023In the title compound, CHNO, the central pyrazoline ring exhibits a nearly planar structure (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å) despite having two carbon atoms. The...
In the title compound, CHNO, the central pyrazoline ring exhibits a nearly planar structure (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å) despite having two carbon atoms. The pyrazoline ring subtends dihedral angles of 4.61 (1) and 87.31 (1)° with the pendant benzene ring and naphthalene ring system, respectively. The dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring system is 89.76 (2)°. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond forms an (6) ring motif. In the crystal, inversion dimers formed by pairwise weak N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds generate (4) loops and the dimers are linked by pairwise C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds [which generate (8) loops] into [100] chains.
PubMed: 37693784
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314623006685