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European Journal of Dermatology : EJD Jul 2022Acne vulgaris is typically treated with a combination of a topical retinoid plus an antimicrobial agent, as recommended by national and international evidence-based... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is typically treated with a combination of a topical retinoid plus an antimicrobial agent, as recommended by national and international evidence-based guidelines around the globe. Adapalene, a synthetic topical retinoid, is available in two concentrations (0.1% and 0.3%) and in once-daily fixed-dose combinations with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 2.5%. Adapalene 0.3%/BPO 2.5% is approved for use for moderate-to-severe acne with proven efficacy, good safety and tolerability across a spectrum of patient variables (different ages, genders, and skin types) and disease severity. While some patients experience issues with transient tolerability during retinoid and BPO therapy, it is our clinical experience that good patient education to set expectations and provide strategies to minimize irritation can overcome the majority of issues. This article reviews the data supporting the use of adapalene 0.3%/2.5% in practice, including the complementary mechanism of action of adapalene and BPO, clinical data from a range of settings, and key aspects of patient education.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Adapalene; Dermatologic Agents; Naphthalenes; Drug Combinations; Gels; Benzoyl Peroxide; Acne Vulgaris; Retinoids; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36301750
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2022.4275 -
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of... 1999
Review
Topics: Animals; Benzoyl Peroxide; Carcinogenicity Tests; Carcinogens; Humans; Mutagenicity Tests; Mutagens; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Occupational Exposure; Salmonella typhimurium
PubMed: 10476451
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatologic Therapy Sep 2022Acne affects approximately 9% of people worldwide and is the most common skin condition in the USA. There are abundant topical and oral treatment options available for... (Review)
Review
Acne affects approximately 9% of people worldwide and is the most common skin condition in the USA. There are abundant topical and oral treatment options available for patients with acne. First-line agents include topical retinoids, azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, and combinations of these agents. For recalcitrant or more severe acne, oral medications, including oral antibiotics, isotretinoin, or hormonal therapy, may be considered. This review will also discuss the many advances being made in the treatment of acne vulgaris, from the development of microencapsulated medications to targeted treatments.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Isotretinoin
PubMed: 35841269
DOI: 10.1111/dth.15719 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica. Supplementum 1980The mode of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne is three-fold, i.e. sebostatic, comedolytic and inhibitory to P. acnes in-vivo. Benzoyl peroxide is the topical treatment... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The mode of action of benzoyl peroxide in acne is three-fold, i.e. sebostatic, comedolytic and inhibitory to P. acnes in-vivo. Benzoyl peroxide is the topical treatment of choice in acne vulgaris. This agent is well tolerated by most patients. Primary irritant dermatitis can be avoided by less frequent application and the true incidence of contact sensitivity is low. The gel preparation has achieved a high degree of cosmetic acceptability. A synergistic effect with retinoic acid can be demonstrated. Tolerance to benzoyl peroxide develops in most subjects necessitating more vigorous therapy, usually after two or three weeks of treatment. Many acne sufferers with mild or moderate disease can avoid long-term oral antibiotic treatment by the judicious use of benzoyl peroxide topically.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Benzoyl Peroxide; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Humans; Keratins; Peroxides; Propionibacterium acnes; Sebaceous Glands; Tretinoin
PubMed: 6162349
DOI: No ID Found -
American Pharmacy Aug 1992
Comparative Study
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Benzoyl Peroxide; Child; Dosage Forms; Drug Monitoring; Female; Humans; Nonprescription Drugs; Patient Education as Topic; Pregnancy
PubMed: 1387998
DOI: 10.1016/s0160-3450(15)31030-8 -
Drugs Mar 2024Rosacea, a chronic skin condition affecting millions of people in the USA, leads to significant social and professional stigmatization. Effective management strategies... (Review)
Review
Rosacea, a chronic skin condition affecting millions of people in the USA, leads to significant social and professional stigmatization. Effective management strategies are crucial to alleviate symptoms and improve patients' quality of life. Encapsulated benzoyl peroxide 5% (E-BPO 5%) is a newly FDA-approved topical treatment for rosacea that shows promise in enhancing therapeutic response and minimizing skin irritation. This review aims to assess the role of recently FDA approved E-BPO 5% in the current treatment landscape for rosacea management, as it is not yet included in clinical guidelines that predominantly rely on older approved therapies. The review focuses on randomized controlled trials conducted in English-speaking adults. It evaluates the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of various US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents used for rosacea treatment, including E-BPO cream, metronidazole gel, azelaic acid gel and foam, ivermectin cream, minocycline foam, oral doxycycline, brimonidine gel, and oxymetazoline HCl cream. Existing therapies have been effective in reducing papulopustular lesions and erythema associated with rosacea for many years. E-BPO 5% offers a promising addition to the treatment options due to its microencapsulation technology, which prolongs drug delivery time and aims to improve therapeutic response while minimizing skin irritation. Further research is necessary to determine the exact role of E-BPO 5% in the therapeutic landscape for rosacea. However, based on available evidence, E-BPO 5% shows potential as a valuable treatment option for managing inflammatory lesions of rosacea, and it may offer benefits to patients including: rapid onset of action, demonstrated efficacy by Week 2, excellent tolerability, and sustained long-term results for up to 52 weeks of treatment.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Benzoyl Peroxide; Dermatologic Agents; Metronidazole; Quality of Life; Rosacea; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 38418773
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02003-w -
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 2008Clindamycin 1%/benzoyl peroxide 5% (BenzaClin) is a combination gel indicated for use twice daily, or as directed by a physician, for the topical treatment of... (Review)
Review
Clindamycin 1%/benzoyl peroxide 5% (BenzaClin) is a combination gel indicated for use twice daily, or as directed by a physician, for the topical treatment of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions of acne vulgaris. In well designed clinical trials in patients with mild to moderately severe acne, the efficacy of once- or twice-daily clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide in the reduction of inflammatory lesion counts was greater than that of benzoyl peroxide alone, clindamycin alone, or tretinoin plus clindamycin, and not significantly different from that of erythromycin/benzoyl peroxide. In the reduction of noninflammatory lesion counts, the efficacy of once- or twice-daily clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide was greater than that of clindamycin alone, but not significantly different to that observed with benzoyl peroxide, tretinoin plus clindamycin, or erythromycin/benzoyl peroxide. Clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide has a fairly rapid onset of action, with acne improvement usually recorded within 2-4 weeks. Despite widespread use, bacterial resistance is not associated with clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide. The product is generally well tolerated, and the main treatment-related adverse events in clinical trials were application-site dryness, irritation, peeling, and erythema. Thus, clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide is an effective and well tolerated option for the management of mild to moderately severe acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Clindamycin; Drug Combinations; Gels; Humans; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life
PubMed: 18429651
DOI: 10.2165/00128071-200809030-00010 -
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology... Feb 1995Topical benzoyl peroxide has been used in the treatment of acne for over 30 years, with no reports of adverse effects that could be related to skin carcinogenesis. Two... (Review)
Review
Topical benzoyl peroxide has been used in the treatment of acne for over 30 years, with no reports of adverse effects that could be related to skin carcinogenesis. Two case-control epidemiological studies have found a lack of association between the specific use of benzoyl peroxide and skin cancer. In addition to these findings in humans, 23 carcinogenicity studies in rodents with benzoyl peroxide, including 16 employing topical application, have yielded negative results. An increase in skin carcinomas was reported in 1 study in which benzoyl peroxide in acetone was applied to the skin of SENCAR mice for a 1-year period; however, this study did not employ adequate control groups to fully understand the unusual findings, and the results were inconsistent with those of 6 other similar studies. While benzoyl peroxide is not a complete carcinogen in animals and has weak or no mutagenic potential, it has been found to be a tumor promoter in mouse skin using experimental two-stage models of carcinogenesis. Consistently positive results have been obtained in tumor promotion studies in which SENCAR mice were exposed to initiating doses of potent experimental carcinogens followed by promotion with benzoyl peroxide in acetone. Negative results have been obtained in similar studies with commercial formulations. However, the results of promotion studies with benzoyl peroxide do not carry significant weight for human safety assessment as evidenced by (i) the absence of demonstrated carcinogenicity in humans of a number of rodent tumor promoters despite long-term human exposure; (ii) the observation that tumor promotion in mouse skin occurs only under specific experimental conditions and predominantly in highly sensitive strains; (iii) clinical use scenarios markedly different from the conditions resulting in tumor promotion in mouse skin; and (iv) the significant physiological differences between mouse and human skin. Thus, to date, available scientific evidence does not allow the results of these rodent promotion studies to be meaningfully applied to human safety assessment. As such, significant scientific progress must be made before human safety estimations can be derived from rodent promotion data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Animals; Benzoyl Peroxide; Carcinogenicity Tests; Cocarcinogenesis; Cricetinae; DNA Damage; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Rats; Risk Assessment; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 7784640
DOI: 10.1006/rtph.1995.1014 -
Journal of Population Therapeutics and... 2022The intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy has three mechanisms of action in acne vulgaris: photochemical, photoimmunological, and photothermal. In this clinical trial, 47... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy has three mechanisms of action in acne vulgaris: photochemical, photoimmunological, and photothermal. In this clinical trial, 47 patients with facial inflammatory acne lesions, ages ranging from 15 to 40 years, were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups: (a) 20 patients in Group A treated with IPL for 3 sessions, 3 weeks apart, (b) and 27 patients in Group B treated with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 2.5% gel daily at night for 9 weeks. Follow up was done at 3 weeks after the end of treatment. The effect of treatment was evaluated objectively according to total lesion counting and digital photographic assessment and subjectively according to the patients' satisfaction. IPL is an effective and well-tolerated method for the treatment of inflammatory facial acne like BPO. Therefore, the IPL can be used as a standard therapy for inflammatory acne vulgaris.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Benzoyl Peroxide; Humans; Intense Pulsed Light Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 35044116
DOI: 10.47750/jptcp.2022.856 -
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 2004Benzoyl peroxide, with its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, is among the most widely used topical agents in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. Benzoyl... (Review)
Review
Benzoyl peroxide, with its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, is among the most widely used topical agents in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. Benzoyl peroxide is marketed either alone or in combination with other topical antibiotics; namely, erythromycin and clindamycin. The combination products confer specific advantages over benzoyl peroxide alone, particularly in decreasing the in vivo follicular counts of Propionibacterium acnes, the anaerobic bacterium implicated in the pathogenesis of acne. In addition, the topical treatment of inflammatory acne has been complicated by the development of P acnes resistance to topical erythromycin and clindamycin. Combination products containing benzoyl peroxide and the topical antibiotics have been shown to both: (i) prevent the development of antibiotic resistance in acne patients; and (ii) confer significant clinical improvement to patients who have already developed antibiotic resistance.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Clindamycin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Humans
PubMed: 15301572
DOI: 10.2165/00128071-200405040-00005