-
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... May 2024The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate adhesive remnants on the enamel surface following bracket debonding using a freezing element. Thirty-six sound...
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate adhesive remnants on the enamel surface following bracket debonding using a freezing element. Thirty-six sound premolars were used in this study. In each case, a bracket was bonded onto each tooth with conventional light-cured composite resin and de-bonded after one week. Freezing of the underlying composite through the bracket was performed immediately before debonding with a portable cryosurgical system (-55 °C). Specimens were divided into three groups according to the duration of freezing: a control group without freezing was used as a reference and two interventional groups with different durations of freezing (15 or 40 s). Brackets were removed by using debonding pliers to squeeze the wings of the bracket in an occluso-gingival manner. Adhesive remnants on the tooth were then quantitatively evaluated by stereo-microscopy. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used to investigate the relationship between the proportion of remaining resin and the group of teeth. In the control group, 100% of the composite remained on the enamel surface of all specimens. Significantly less adhesive remnants were found in the intervention groups ( = 0.001 for the 15 s group and = 0.043 for the 40 s group). There was no significant difference between the two interventions ( = 0.165) in terms of the proportion of remaining adhesive remnants. Freezing of the bracket and the underlying adhesive resin prior to bracket debonding may favorably alter the behavioral pattern of composite fracture, thus reducing the extent of adhesive remnants on the enamel. Increasing the freezing time from 15 to 40 s did not exert significant effects on adhesive remnants following debonding. Further research now needs to investigate the effect of freezing on the mechanical properties of the adhesive remnants and its effect on pulp vitality over both short- and long-terms.
Topics: Humans; Dental Debonding; Freezing; Orthodontic Brackets; Composite Resins; Dental Enamel; In Vitro Techniques; Resin Cements; Dental Cements; Bicuspid; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38755979
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.056 -
Texas Heart Institute Journal May 2024Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs in female individuals and is characterized by the absence of 1 of the X chromosomes. This study examined the risk of...
BACKGROUND
Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs in female individuals and is characterized by the absence of 1 of the X chromosomes. This study examined the risk of cardiovascular disease and inpatient clinical outcomes in patients with Turner syndrome.
METHODS
Data were extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2016 database. Propensity score analysis was used to match women with Turner syndrome and women without Turner syndrome admitted to a hospital in the same year to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease and inpatient clinical outcomes in patients with Turner syndrome.
RESULTS
After 1:1 matching, 710 women with Turner syndrome and 710 women without Turner syndrome were included in the final analysis. Compared with women without Turner syndrome, women with Turner syndrome were more likely to have a bicuspid aortic valve (9.4% vs 0.01%; P < .01), coarctation of the aorta (5.8% vs 0.3%; P < .01), atrial septal defect (6.1% vs 0.8%; P < .01), and patent ductus arteriosus (4.6% vs 0.6%; P < .01). Patients with Turner syndrome were more likely to have an aortic aneurysm (odds ratio [OR], 2.46 [95% CI, 1.02-5.98]; P = .046), ischemic heart disease (OR, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.10-2.5]; P = .02), heart failure (OR, 3.15 [95% CI, 1.99-4.99]; P < .01), and atrial fibrillation or flutter (OR, 2.48 [95% CI, 1.42-4.34]; P < .01). Patients with Turner syndrome were more likely to have pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR, 2.12 [95% CI, 1.08-4.14]; P = .03) and acute kidney injury (OR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.06-2.42]; P = .03) and to require mechanical ventilation (OR, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.04-2.68]; P = .04).
CONCLUSION
Turner syndrome is associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular disease and inpatient complications. These findings suggest that patients with Turner syndrome should be screened and monitored closely for cardiovascular disease and inpatient complications.
Topics: Humans; Turner Syndrome; Female; Propensity Score; Cardiovascular Diseases; Adult; Retrospective Studies; United States; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Inpatients; Risk Assessment; Incidence; Follow-Up Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 38748548
DOI: 10.14503/THIJ-23-8245 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... Oct 2023To evaluate and compare the formation of dentinal defects using hand Hedstrom files, XP-Shaper, TruNatomy, and Reciproc Blue file systems when used for oval shaped root... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
AIM
To evaluate and compare the formation of dentinal defects using hand Hedstrom files, XP-Shaper, TruNatomy, and Reciproc Blue file systems when used for oval shaped root canals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred and five extracted human mandibular premolars with single root and oval canals were selected for the study. Twenty-one teeth were unprepared (control), and the remaining teeth were divided into the prepared groups (n = 21), that is, Group H-Files, Group XP-Shaper, Group TruNatomy, and Group Reciproc Blue. All selected teeth were de-coronated perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth by using a diamond-coated disk with water cooling, leaving root segments approximately 16 mm in length. Each group was prepared according to the above file system. Then all roots were sectioned perpendicular to their long axes at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex using a diamond-coated disk under a continuous water stream. Each specimen was then checked for the presence of dentinal defects/microcracks.
RESULT
The XP-Endo shaper group had the lowest number of defects (01/21 roots) 4.7%; TN (04/21) 19%, H-Files (04/21) 19%, and RC Blue (05/21) 23.8% had the highest incidence of defects. However, no significant difference was detected among these groups (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The motor-driven root canal instrumentation with rotary and reciprocating files and hand files may create microcracks in the radicular dentine, whereas the XP-Shaper file system produces minimal or less cracks compared to other tested rotary file systems and H-file instrumentation.
Topics: Humans; Root Canal Preparation; Dentin; Dental Pulp Cavity; Equipment Design; Dental Instruments; Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Nickel; Titanium; Materials Testing; Rotation
PubMed: 38739827
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_132_23 -
Cureus Apr 2024Impacted teeth are those that fail to erupt at the typical age of eruption and remain enclosed in the maxilla or mandible, partially or completely surrounded by bone or...
Impacted teeth are those that fail to erupt at the typical age of eruption and remain enclosed in the maxilla or mandible, partially or completely surrounded by bone or soft tissues. Among these, third molars experience the highest incidence of impaction, with maxillary canines and mandibular bicuspids following closely. A 23-year-old female presented to the orthodontics department, expressing concerns about spacing issues in her upper and lower front teeth. During the orthodontic planning process and radiological assessment, two impacted teeth, specifically one primary molar and one permanent premolar, were identified in close proximity to the mental nerve. Both teeth were subsequently extracted with success. This case report underscores the importance of a thorough preoperative radiographic evaluation of the mandibular canal and foramina. Additionally, it stresses the necessity for dissection to prevent unintended injury to the mental nerve during the extraction of the impacted mandibular premolar, which can result in paresthesia affecting the lower lip, mandibular labial gingiva, and chin.
PubMed: 38738162
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57934 -
Progress in Orthodontics May 2024Low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) is considered a relatively recent technology that has received little attention in orthodontics as a method of acceleration.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Patient-reported outcomes during accelerating the en-masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth using low-intensity electrical stimulation: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Low-intensity electrical stimulation (LIES) is considered a relatively recent technology that has received little attention in orthodontics as a method of acceleration. This study aimed to evaluate patient-reported outcome measures when LIES is used to accelerate the en-masse retraction of the upper anterior teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The sample consisted of 40 patients (8 males, 32 females; mean age 21.1 ± 2.3 years), with Class II division I malocclusion who required extraction of the first premolars to retract upper anterior teeth. They were randomly assigned to the LIES group (n = 20) and the conventional en-masse retraction group (CER; n = 20). Patient responses regarding pain, discomfort, burning sensation, swelling, chewing difficulty, speech difficulty, and painkillers' consumption were recorded at these nine assessment times: 24 h (T1), 3 days (T2), and 7 days (T3) after force application, then in the second month after 24 h (T4), 3 days (T5), and 7 days (T6) of force re-activation, and finally after 24 h (T7), 3 days (T8), and 7 days (T9) of force re-activation in the third month.
RESULTS
The mean values of pain perception were smaller in the LIES group than those in the CER group at all assessment times with no statistically significant differences between the two groups except during the second and third months (T5, T6, T8, and T9; P < 0.005). However, discomfort mean values were greater in the LIES group with significant differences compared to CER group during the first week of the follow-up only (T1, T2, and T3; P < 0.005). Burning sensation levels were very mild in the LIES group, with significant differences between the two groups at T1 and T2 only (P < 0.001). Speech difficulty was significantly greater in the LIES group compared to CER group at all studied times (P < 0.001). High levels of satisfaction and acceptance were reported in both groups, without any significant difference.
CONCLUSION
Both the LIES-based acceleration of en-masse retraction of upper anterior teeth and the conventional retraction were accompanied by mild to moderate pain, discomfort, and chewing difficulty on the first day of retraction. These sensations gradually decreased and almost disappeared over a week after force application or re-activation.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05920525. Registered 17 June 2023 - retrospectively registered, http://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05920525?term=NCT05920525&rank=1 .
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Tooth Movement Techniques; Young Adult; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Tooth Extraction; Bicuspid; Electric Stimulation; Mastication; Incisor; Maxilla; Pain Measurement
PubMed: 38735912
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-024-00517-3 -
BMC Oral Health May 2024In complex teeth like maxillary premolars, endodontic treatment success depends on a complete comprehension of root canal anatomy. The research on mandibular premolars'...
BACKGROUND
In complex teeth like maxillary premolars, endodontic treatment success depends on a complete comprehension of root canal anatomy. The research on mandibular premolars' root canal anatomy has been extensive and well-documented in existing literature. However, there appears to be a notable gap in available data concerning the root canal anatomy of maxillary premolars. This study aimed to explore the root canal morphology of maxillary premolars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging, considering age and gender variations.
METHODS
From 500 patient CBCT scans, 787 maxillary premolar teeth were evaluated. The sample was divided by gender and age (10-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61 years and older). Ahmed et al. classification system was used to record root canal morphology.
RESULTS
The most frequent classifications for right maxillary 1st premolars were MPM B L (39.03%) and MPM (2.81%), while the most frequent classifications for right maxillary 2nd premolars were MPM B L (39.08%) and MPM (17.85%). Most of the premolars typically had two roots (left maxillary first premolars: 81.5%, left maxillary second premolars: 82.7%, right maxillary first premolars: 74.4%, right maxillary second premolars: 75.7%). Left and right maxillary 1st premolars for classes MPM and MPM showed significant gender differences. For classifications MPM and MPM, age-related changes were seen in the left and right maxillary first premolars.
CONCLUSION
This study provides novel insights into the root canal anatomy of maxillary premolars within the Saudi population, addressing a notable gap in the literature specific to this demographic. Through CBCT imaging and analysis of large sample sizes, the complex and diverse nature of root canal morphology in these teeth among Saudi individuals is elucidated. The findings underscore the importance of CBCT imaging in precise treatment planning and decision-making tailored to the Saudi population. Consideration of age and gender-related variations further enhances understanding and aids in personalized endodontic interventions within this demographic.
Topics: Humans; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Bicuspid; Male; Female; Adolescent; Maxilla; Dental Pulp Cavity; Adult; Saudi Arabia; Middle Aged; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Young Adult; Sex Factors; Age Factors
PubMed: 38724952
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04310-w -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports May 2024An inherent limitation of the Ross procedure is long-term two valve disease which will require repetitive reintervention. In this case, a 31-year-old man who had...
An inherent limitation of the Ross procedure is long-term two valve disease which will require repetitive reintervention. In this case, a 31-year-old man who had underwent Ross operation due to congenital bicuspid valve 20 years before, underwent double root replacement: valve sparing root reimplantation concomitant with the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction with a bioprosthesis for severe RVOT stenosis. Although the diameter of autograft root was 42 mm and aortic insufficiency was mild, we added root surgery due to concerns regarding autograft root dilation in response to left ventricular volume load after RVOT reconstruction. The postoperative echocardiogram showed minimal aortic valve regurgitation and normal blood flow in the RVOT, and he was discharged from the hospital on the 17th day after the surgery. In this report, we present the outcomes of Valve-sparing double root replacement following Ross surgery.
PubMed: 38721259
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae294 -
BMC Pediatrics May 2024Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) face an increased risk of developing aortic dilatation (AD), but diagnosing AD in children presents greater complexity compared to...
BACKGROUND
Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) face an increased risk of developing aortic dilatation (AD), but diagnosing AD in children presents greater complexity compared to adults. This study aimed to investigate the application of various assessment indicators of AD in Chinese children and adolescents with TS.
METHODS
This study included TS patients admitted to Shenzhen Children's Hospital from 2017 to 2022. Cardiovascular lesions were diagnosed by experienced radiologists. Patients without structural heart disease were divided into different body surface area groups, then the Chinese TS population Z-score (CHTSZ-score) of the ascending aorta was calculated and compared with other indicators such as aortic size index (ASI), ratio of the ascending to descending aortic diameter (A/D ratio), and TSZ-score (Quezada's method).
RESULTS
A total of 115 TS patients were included, with an average age of 10.0 ± 3.7 years. The incidences of the three most serious cardiovascular complications were 9.6% (AD), 10.4% (coarctation of the aorta, CoA), and 7.0% (bicuspid aortic valve, BAV), respectively. The proportion of developing AD in TS patients aged ≥ 10 years was higher than that in those < 10 years old (16.6% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.009), and the proportion of patients with CoA or BAV who additionally exhibited AD was higher than those without these conditions (31.6% vs. 5.2%, P < 0.001). The ASI, A/D ratio, TSZ-score, and CHTSZ-score of the 11 patients with AD were 2.27 ± 0.40 cm/m, 1.90 ± 0.37, 1.28 ± 1.08, and 3.07 ± 2.20, respectively. Among the AD patients, only 3 cases had a TSZ-score ≥ 2, and 2 cases had a TSZ-score ≥ 1. However, based on the assessment using the CHTSZ-score, 6 patients scored ≥ 2, and 5 patients scored ≥ 1. In contrast, the TSZ-score generally underestimated the aortic Z-scores in Chinese children with TS compared to the CHTSZ-score.
CONCLUSIONS
The applicability of ASI and A/D ratio to children with TS is questionable, and racial differences can affect the assessment of TSZ-score in the Chinese population. Therefore, establishing the CHTSZ-score specifically tailored for Chinese children and adolescents is of paramount importance.
Topics: Humans; Turner Syndrome; Child; Adolescent; Female; China; Dilatation, Pathologic; Male; Retrospective Studies; Aorta; Aortic Coarctation; Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease; Child, Preschool; Incidence; East Asian People
PubMed: 38720245
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04783-2 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024To evaluate the effects of metal primer II (MP II) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to teeth and bis-acryl composite provisional material...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of metal primer II (MP II) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to teeth and bis-acryl composite provisional material (Bis-Acryl).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Twenty extracted human premolars specimens and 20 premolar shaped Bis-Acryl specimens were obtained and randomly divided into two surface groups. The first group consisted of human premolars (T) bonded to brackets in the conventional way while in the second (T-MP) MP II was applied on the bracket base before bonding. Similarly, one group of provisional material (PM) was prepared according to conventional treatment and another with the application of MP-II metal bonder (PM-MP). In all cases Ortho-brackets (Victory Series, 3 M) were bonded employing Transbond XT resin cement. Then the brackets were debonded under shear and the results were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Holm Sidak at α = .05. The debonded surfaces of all specimens were examined by light microscopy and the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was recorded.
RESULTS
The SBS results exhibited significant differences er (p < .001). For both the T and TM the application of MP-II increased the SBS compared to respective control groups (p < .001). The T-C group was found inferior compared to PM-C (p < .001) and the same is true for the comparison between T-MP and PM-MP (p < .001). ARI indexes demonstrated that the tooth groups were characterized by a predominantly adhesive failure at the resin-dentin interface. In contrast, the control group for provisional crowns (PM-C) showed a predominantly cohesive failure mode, which moved to predominantly adhesive after the application of MP II.
CONCLUSION
The application of MP II enhances the SBS on both, human enamel and provisional crown materials.
Topics: Orthodontic Brackets; Humans; Shear Strength; Resin Cements; Dental Bonding; Surface Properties; Bicuspid; Dental Stress Analysis; Materials Testing; Acrylic Resins; Composite Resins; Acid Etching, Dental; Dental Enamel
PubMed: 38712436
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.888 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024Radiographs are an integral part of detecting proximal caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of contrast, brightness, noise, sharpness, and γ...
OBJECTIVE
Radiographs are an integral part of detecting proximal caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of contrast, brightness, noise, sharpness, and γ adjustment of digital intraoral radiographs on the diagnosis of proximal caries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this in vitro study, 40 extracted teeth including 20 premolars and 20 molars with enamel lesions (white spot or dentin discoloration seen through the enamel) were mounted together in groups of eight inside the skull. Bitewing radiographic images of each dental group were obtained by a photostimulable phosphor plate sensor with exposure conditions of 8 mA, 70 kV, and 0.2 s. The images were reconstructed by the built-in software and examined by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists in various settings of contrast, brightness, sharpness, noise, and γ. The teeth were then cut mesiodistally and the presence or absence of caries was confirmed by an oral and maxillofacial pathologist using a stereomicroscope. The data were then analyzed using the κ agreement coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (α = .05).
RESULTS
Adjustment of brightness and contrast led to higher diagnostic performance with an accuracy of 82.5% and 83.8 (for observers 1 and 2, respectively) and 82.5% (for both observers), respectively. Noise adjustment was the least helpful approach for diagnosis of proximal dental caries among other adjustments, with an accuracy of 78.8% and 77.5% for observers 1 and 2, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Brightness and contrast setting was more efficient in improving the diagnostic potential of bitewing radiographs compared to other adjustments.
Topics: Humans; Dental Caries; Radiography, Dental, Digital; Radiography, Bitewing; Sensitivity and Specificity; Bicuspid; In Vitro Techniques; Molar; Software; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 38712390
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.889