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The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Jun 2018To describe the pharmacology, mechanism of action, and clinical reports using biotin to treat nail conditions. (Review)
Review
AIM
To describe the pharmacology, mechanism of action, and clinical reports using biotin to treat nail conditions.
METHODS
A review of articles indexed for MEDLINE on PubMed using keywords 'biotin' and 'nail' was performed and applicable articles were selected for review.
RESULTS
Clinical trials have shown an improvement in firmness, hardness, and thickness of brittle nails with oral biotin. There are some case reports and series demonstrating that oral biotin may improve triangular worn down nails, trachyonychia, and habit tic nail deformity.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral biotin has been used to treat several nail conditions with promising results. Further larger clinical trials with controls are necessary to determine efficacy and optimal dosing.
Topics: Biotin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Databases, Factual; Humans; Nail Diseases
PubMed: 29057689
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1395799 -
Sub-cellular Biochemistry 2012Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the biochemical, physiological and nutritional aspects of the water-soluble vitamin biotin (vitamin H). It is... (Review)
Review
Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the biochemical, physiological and nutritional aspects of the water-soluble vitamin biotin (vitamin H). It is well know now that biotin plays important roles in a variety of critical metabolic reactions in the cell, and thus, is essential for normal human health, growth and development. This is underscored by the serious clinical abnormalities that occur in conditions of biotin deficiency, which include, among other things, growth retardation, neurological disorders, and dermatological abnormalities (reviewed in 1). Studies in animals have also shown that biotin deficiency during pregnancy leads to embryonic growth retardation, congenital malformation and death (Watanabe 1983; Cooper and Brown 1958; Mock et al. 2003; Zempleni and Mock 2000). The aim of this chapter is to provide coverage of current knowledge of the biochemical, physiological, and clinical aspects of biotin nutrition. Many sections of this chapter have been the subject of excellent recent reviews by others (Wolf 2001; McMahon 2002; Mock 2004; Rodriguez-Melendez and Zempleni 2003; Said 2004; Said et al. 2000; Said and Seetheram 2006), and thus, for more information the reader is advised to consider these additional sources.
Topics: Animals; Biotin; Biotinidase Deficiency; Female; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kidney; Liver; Pregnancy; Vitamin B Deficiency
PubMed: 22116691
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2199-9_1 -
Vitamins and Hormones 1989
Review
Topics: Animals; Biotin; Carboxy-Lyases; Humans
PubMed: 2688306
DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60398-2 -
World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 1986
Review
Topics: Adult; Animals; Biotin; Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency
PubMed: 3538679
DOI: 10.1159/000413026 -
Current Opinion in Structural Biology Dec 1996The three-dimensional structures of several biotin-binding proteins are now known, giving insights into the molecular architecture of the binding sites for biotin. In... (Review)
Review
The three-dimensional structures of several biotin-binding proteins are now known, giving insights into the molecular architecture of the binding sites for biotin. In combination with biochemical and computational approaches, these structural insights provide the basis for our present understanding of biotin-protein interactions which, in some cases, give rise to spectacular binding constants.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites; Biotin; Enzymes; Models, Molecular; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Structure, Secondary; Streptavidin
PubMed: 8994880
DOI: 10.1016/s0959-440x(96)80010-8 -
Biotechnology Advances 2019Biotinylated antibodies/antigens are currently used in many immunoassay formats in clinical settings for diversified analytes and biomarkers to offer high detection... (Review)
Review
Biotinylated antibodies/antigens are currently used in many immunoassay formats in clinical settings for diversified analytes and biomarkers to offer high detection selectivity and sensitivity. Biotin cannot be synthesized by mammals and must be taken as an essential supplement. Normal intake of biotin from various foods and milk causes no effect on the streptavidin/biotin-based immunoassays. However, overconsumption of biotin (daily doses 100-300 mg) poses a significant problem for immunoassays using the biotin-strept(avidin) pair. Biotin interferences are noted in immunoassays of thyroid markers, drugs, hormones, cancer markers, the biomarker for cardiac function (β-human chorionic gonadotropin), etc. The biotin level required for serious interference in test results varies significantly from test to test and cannot easily be predicted. Immunoassay manufacturers with technologies based on strept(avidin)-biotin binding must investigate the interference from biotin (up to at least 1200 ng/mL or 4.9 μM of biotin) in various formats. There is no concrete solution to circumvent the biotin interference encountered in blood samples, short of biotin removal. Considering the short half-life of biotin in the human body, patients must stop taking biotin supplements for >48 h before the test. However, this scenario is not considered for patients in emergency situations or those with biotinidase deficiency, mitochondrial metabolic disorders or multiple sclerosis. Apparently, a rapid analytical procedure for biotin is urgently needed to quantify for its interference in immunoassays using strep(avidin)-biotin chemistry. To date, there is no quick and reliable procedure for the detection of biotin at below nanomolar levels in blood and biological samples. Traditional lab-based techniques including HPLC/MS-MS cannot process an enormous number of public samples. Biosensors with high detection sensitivity, miniaturization, low cost, and multiplexing have the potential to address this issue.
Topics: Animals; Artifacts; Biomarkers; Biosensing Techniques; Biotin; Humans; Immunoassay; Sensitivity and Specificity; Streptavidin
PubMed: 30872068
DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.007 -
Biomolecular Engineering Dec 1999The high affinity energetics in the streptavidin-biotin system provide an excellent model system for studying how proteins balance enthalpic and entropic components to... (Review)
Review
The high affinity energetics in the streptavidin-biotin system provide an excellent model system for studying how proteins balance enthalpic and entropic components to generate an impressive overall free energy for ligand binding. We review here concerted site-directed mutagenesis, biophysical, and computational studies of aromatic and hydrogen bonding interaction energetics between streptavidin and biotin. These results also have provided insight into how streptavidin builds a large activation barrier to dissociation by managing the enthalpic and entropic activation components. Finally, we review recent studies of the biotin dissociation pathway that address the fundamental question of how ligands exit protein binding pockets.
Topics: Binding Sites; Biotin; Ligands; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Protein Engineering; Streptavidin; Thermodynamics
PubMed: 10796983
DOI: 10.1016/s1050-3862(99)00042-x -
Plastic and Aesthetic Nursing
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Journal of the College of Physicians... Jun 2022This study aimed to determine the clinical spectrum and biochemical findings on urine organic acids (UOA) in Biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD)...
This study aimed to determine the clinical spectrum and biochemical findings on urine organic acids (UOA) in Biotin-responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency (MCD) patients presenting to the biochemical genetics laboratory (BGL). Patients reported as MCD, from January 2013-December 2020 were included. The UOA was analysed by gas chromatography mass spectrometer. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical details were extracted from the BGL history form. Two hundred and two patients were reported to have biotin responsive MCD with 111(55%) males and a median (Q3-Q1) age of 7 months (13-4). Of these 71.7% (n=145) patients presented in infantile period. Parental consanguinity was observed in 80% (n=161) and another 32.6% (n=66) cases grandparents were cousins. The main presenting features were seizures, developmental delay, and lethargy. The common peaks were determined on UOA 3OHIVA, MC and MCC. MCD is not rare in Pakistani population; it is recommended to include this disorder in newborn screening programs. Key Words: Biotin responsive multiple carboxylase deficiency, Organic acids, Amino acids, Pakistan, Inborn errors of metabolism.
Topics: Biotin; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency; Pakistan
PubMed: 35686422
DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.06.823 -
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Jan 1997
Review
Topics: Animals; Biological Availability; Biotin; Food; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kidney
PubMed: 9023483
DOI: No ID Found