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Journal of Hypertension Nov 2020The current representative national cross-sectional study examines the association of birth weight and blood pressure (BP) among the adult Australian...
BACKGROUND AND METHOD
The current representative national cross-sectional study examines the association of birth weight and blood pressure (BP) among the adult Australian population.Questions about birth weight were added to the second round of AusDiab study. Hypertension was defined based on WHO (≥140/90), and NCEP-ATPIII (≥130/85). Both definitions were examined against the continuous birth weight and dichotomous variable of low birth weight (LBW); less than 2.5 kg, adjusting for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake and socioeconomic factors.
RESULTS
A total of 4502 respondents reported their birth weights with a mean (SD) of 3.37 (0.7) kg. Females with LBW had significantly higher mean SBP and DBP than those with normal birth weight. This relationship persisted with adjustments for various confounding factors. Males with LBW showed a trend towards a higher SBP and DBP, though NS, than normal birth weight more than 2.5 kg. LBW individuals, less than 2.5 kg were at higher risk for having high SBP hypertension at least 140/90 mmHg and at least 130/85 mmHg compared with those with normal birth weight. Among females, for each kilogramme of birth weight, there was a predicted decrease of 1.59 (0.7, 2.5) mmHg in SBP, P = 0.001 and 0.85 (0.2, 1.5) mmHg in DBP, P = 0.001; after adjustments for age, body size, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol intake and socioeconomic factors. Among males, for each kilogramme of birth weight, there was a decrease of 1.74 (0.7, 2.8) mmHg in SBP, P = 0.002 and 1.06 (0.3, 1.9) mmHg in DBP, P = 0.008 after adjustments for all confounding factor.
CONCLUSION
This study has examined the association of birth weight and BP in a representative adult population. LBW was significantly associated with the risk of developing high BP.
Topics: Adult; Australia; Birth Weight; Blood Pressure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 32649634
DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002545 -
Annual Review of Nutrition Aug 2010Maternal micronutrient requirements during pregnancy increase to meet the physiologic changes in gestation and fetal demands for growth and development. Maternal... (Review)
Review
Maternal micronutrient requirements during pregnancy increase to meet the physiologic changes in gestation and fetal demands for growth and development. Maternal micronutrient deficiencies are high and coexist in many settings, likely influencing birth and newborn outcomes. The only recommendation for pregnancy currently exists for iron and folic acid use. Evidence is convincing that maternal iron supplementation will improve birth weight and perhaps gestational length. In one randomized trial, iron supplementation during pregnancy reduced child mortality in the offspring compared with the control group. Few other single micronutrients given antenatally, including vitamin A, zinc, and folic acid, have been systematically shown to confer such a benefit. A meta-analysis of 12 trials of multiple micronutrient supplementation compared with iron-folic acid reveals an overall 11% reduction in low birth weight but no effect on preterm birth and perinatal or neonatal survival. Currently, data are unconvincing for replacing supplementation of antenatal iron-folic acid with multiple micronutrients.
Topics: Birth Weight; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Micronutrients; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 20415580
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104813 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2015There have been several epidemiologic studies on the relationship between high birth weight and the risk for bone tumor in the past decades. However, due to the rarity... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
There have been several epidemiologic studies on the relationship between high birth weight and the risk for bone tumor in the past decades. However, due to the rarity of bone tumors, the sample size of individual studies was generally too small for reliable conclusions. Therefore, we have performed a meta-analysis to pool all published data on electronic databases with the purpose to clarify the potential relationship. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 independent studies with more than 2796 cases were included. As a result, high birth weight was found to increase the risk for bone tumor with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.13, with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) ranging from 1.01 to 1.27. The OR of bone tumor for an increase of 500 gram of birth weight was 1.01 (95% CI 1.00-1.02; p = 0.048 for linear trend). Interestingly, individuals with high birth weight had a greater risk for osteosarcoma (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40, p = 0.006) than those with normal birth weight. In addition, in the subgroup analysis by geographical region, elevated risk was detected among Europeans (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.29, p = 0.049). The present meta-analysis supported a positive association between high birth weight and bone tumor risk.
Topics: Birth Weight; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Odds Ratio; Osteosarcoma; Risk Factors
PubMed: 26371026
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120911178 -
Economics and Human Biology May 2020This study demonstrates that rule-of-thumb health treatment decision-making exists when assigning medical care to macrosomic newborns with an extremely high birth weight...
This study demonstrates that rule-of-thumb health treatment decision-making exists when assigning medical care to macrosomic newborns with an extremely high birth weight and estimates the short-run health return to neonatal care for infants at the high end of the birth weight distribution. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that infants born with a birth weight above 5000 grams have a 2 percentage-point higher probability of admission to a neonatal intensive care unit and a 1 percentage-point higher probability of antibiotics receipt, compared to infants with a birth weight below 5000 grams. We also find that being born above the 5000-gram cutoff has a mortality-reducing effect: infants with a birth weight larger than 5000 grams face a 0.15 percentage-point lower risk of mortality in the first week and a 0.20 percentage-point lower risk of mortality in the first month, compared to their counterparts with a birth weight below 5000 grams. We do not find any evidence of changes in health treatments and mortality at macrosomic cutoffs lower than 5000 grams, which is consistent with the idea that such treatment decisions are guided by the higher expected morbidity and mortality risk associated with infants weighing more than 5000 grams.
Topics: Birth Weight; Female; Fetal Macrosomia; Humans; Infant; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn; Male; Prenatal Care
PubMed: 32028210
DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2019.100825 -
BMC Veterinary Research Nov 2019Weight at birth is an important predictor of neonatal mortality and morbidity in dogs. In addition, the birthweight of the puppies in a litter influences the decision to...
BACKGROUND
Weight at birth is an important predictor of neonatal mortality and morbidity in dogs. In addition, the birthweight of the puppies in a litter influences the decision to perform a cesarean section. The goal of the present study was to estimate heritabilities for the puppy birth weight in Labrador retrievers.
RESULTS
Of the 1138 Labrador retriever litters whelped at the Guiding Eye for the Blind between September 2001 and February 2018, 1013 were included in the analyses after data editing. Puppy weight at birth was the target trait, measured on a continuous scale in pounds, and converted to grams. Linear mixed models were used to identify factors influencing puppy weight at birth. The analyses showed that the sex of the puppy, litter size, length of gestation, adult weight of the dam, parity, year of birth and inbreeding coefficient of the puppies and dams contributed to the variance of the puppy birth weight. Dam and litter effects were included as random effects. A multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood approach was used to estimate variance components and genetic parameters with two animal models, one without covariates (Model 1) and one with covariates (Model 2). Sex of the puppy and litter size had moderate effects, whereas gestation length, adult weight of the dam, parity, year of birth and inbreeding coefficients of the dam and the puppies had minor effects. Estimates for Model 1 and Model 2 were 0.21 and 0.17 for the direct heritabilities, 0.22 and 0.22 for the maternal additive genetic heritabilities, 0.07 and 0.07 for the maternal permanent environmental proportions, and 0.14 and 0.08 for the environmental proportion of the litter.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to estimate reliable breeding values for puppy weight at birth, sex of puppy, litter size, length of gestation and the adult weight of the dam should be included. Estimates could benefit from weighing the dams prior to each mating.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Birth Weight; Dogs; Female; Gestational Age; Inbreeding; Linear Models; Litter Size; Male; Parity; Pregnancy
PubMed: 31694632
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2146-8 -
BMC Pediatrics Oct 2014Low birth weight is strongly correlated with an increased risk of adult diseases. Additionally, low birth weight might be a risk factor for asthma later in life. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Low birth weight is strongly correlated with an increased risk of adult diseases. Additionally, low birth weight might be a risk factor for asthma later in life.
METHODS
A systematic literature search of the PubMed database from 1966 to November 2013 was conducted. The criteria for inclusion of papers were as follows: case-control or cohort studies; the odds ratio (OR) or risk ratio (RR) estimates with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were presented, or there were sufficient data for calculation; and studies were published in English up to October 2013. Random-effect and fixed-effect meta-analyses, meta-regression, and cumulative meta-analysis were conducted.
RESULTS
Thirteen cohort studies and 1,105,703 subjects were included. The overall pooled RRs (95% CIs) of asthma risk for low birth weight were 1.162 (fixed-effects model, 95% CI, 1.128-1.197) and 1.152 (random-effects model, 95% CI, 1.082-1.222). In stratified analyses, the effect of low birth weight on childhood asthma was strong, particularly in studies conducted in Europe, those with a small sample size, and those published recently. A meta-regression analysis did not find significant determinants.
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis shows that low birth weight significantly increases the risk of childhood asthma.
Topics: Asthma; Birth Weight; Child; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Risk Factors
PubMed: 25339063
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-275 -
Pediatric Exercise Science Nov 2015The purpose of this systematic review was to explore whether birth weight, early growth and motor development act as determinants of physical activity in children and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
UNLABELLED
The purpose of this systematic review was to explore whether birth weight, early growth and motor development act as determinants of physical activity in children and youth.
METHODS
We performed a systematic literature search on the possible early life determinants. A meta-analysis was performed on the association between birthweight and objectively measured physical activity.
RESULTS
We identified 9 studies examining birth weight, in which none of the studies with objectively measured physical activity observed an association between birth weight and physical activity. The meta-analysis confirmed this result (b=-3.08, 95% CI -10.20, 4.04). The 3 studies examining early growth and physical activity in youth differ in methodology and the results are inconsistent. Two studies suggest an association between earlier motor development and physical activity and sport participation in youth. This was not confirmed in a third study.
CONCLUSION
Our meta-analysis suggests that birth weight is not an important determinant of physical activity in youth. Available data does not allow firm conclusions whether early growth and motor development act as determinants of physical activity in youth.
Topics: Adolescent; Birth Weight; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Motor Activity; Motor Skills; Sports
PubMed: 26098534
DOI: 10.1123/pes.2015-0041 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2019Mean birth weight of twins is known to be lower than that of singletons, however, southern China lacks a twin-specific birth weight reference. In this paper, we use data...
Mean birth weight of twins is known to be lower than that of singletons, however, southern China lacks a twin-specific birth weight reference. In this paper, we use data from the Birth Certificate System in southern China, collected between January 1 2014 and December 31 2017 and including 161,076 twins, to calculate sex- and gestational week-specific birth weight percentiles (the 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90, and 97). We applied generalized additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) when calculating the birth weight percentiles, and calculated percentiles for monochorionic and dichorionic twins separately. We next used data collected between Jan 1st 2018 and Apr 30th 2018, encompassing 12,371 live births, to calculate the SGA and LGA ratios using birth weight references in Australia, South Korea and China (based on birth defects surveillance system) and birth weight percentiles calculated in this study. Compared to dichorionic twins, monochorionic twins had lower birth weights at 25 to 42 weeks of gestation. The calculated SGA and LGA ratios were relatively stable compared to the other references.
Topics: Adult; Australia; Birth Weight; China; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Live Birth; Male; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Twin; Republic of Korea; Twins, Dizygotic
PubMed: 30679504
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36758-6 -
Osteoporosis International : a Journal... Jan 2013A systematic review of the literature was performed in July 2011. Original papers based on longitudinal studies measuring spine, femoral neck, or total body bone mass by... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
A systematic review of the literature was performed in July 2011. Original papers based on longitudinal studies measuring spine, femoral neck, or total body bone mass by DXA were included (n = 17). Birth weight was positively associated with bone mass among children. The association was unclear among adolescents and weak among adults. This study aims to evaluate the association between birth weight and bone mass in future ages through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis. A systematic review of the literature was performed in July 2011 in Medline, Web of Science and LILACS bases using key terms: ("birth size" OR "birth weight" OR birthweight OR prematurity OR premature OR "gestational age") AND (osteoporosis OR "bone mass" OR "bone density" OR "bone mineral density" OR "bone mineral content" OR "bone area") AND (longitudinal OR cohort). Original papers based on longitudinal studies measuring lumbar spine, femoral neck or total body bone mass by dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included. A meta-analysis was performed using birth weight and bone mass density and/or content as continuous variables and adjusted for current height and/or weight. A total of 218 articles were retrieved from which 17 were selected and grouped into three categories according to age: studies with children; with adolescents and young adults, and studies with adults (older than 25). Five papers were included in the meta-analysis. Positive association between birth weight and bone mass was clear among children, unclear among adolescents, and weak among adults. The effect on bone mass content was stronger than those on body mass density regardless of age. Birth weight influences positively bone health in later life. Preventive health policies dealing with early-life modifiable risk factors, as birth weight, should be encouraged to attain an optimal peak bone mass as an strategy to decrease osteoporosis in the elderly.
Topics: Absorptiometry, Photon; Aging; Birth Weight; Bone Density; Evidence-Based Medicine; Femur Neck; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Osteoporosis
PubMed: 22930242
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2114-7 -
Journal of Ovarian Research Apr 2024To comprehensively evaluate the effect of low birth weight on premature ovarian insufficiency. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To comprehensively evaluate the effect of low birth weight on premature ovarian insufficiency.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review of the literature by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Wanfang and CNKI up to August 2023. All cohort and case-control studies that included birth weight as an exposure and premature ovarian insufficiency as an outcome were included in the analysis. Data were combined using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis with fixed and random effects models and between-study heterogeneity evaluated. We evaluated risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and using Egger's method to test publication bias. All statistical analyses were performed with the use of R software.
RESULTS
Five articles were included in the review. A total of 2,248,594 women were included, including 21,813 (1%) cases of premature ovarian insufficiency, 150,743 cases of low birth weight, and 220,703 cases of macrosomia. We found strong evidence that changed the results of the previous review that low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (OR = 1.15, 95%CI 1.09-1.22) in adulthood compared with normal birth weight. No effect of macrosomia on premature ovarian insufficiency was found.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis showed strong evidence of an association between low birth weight and premature ovarian insufficiency. We should reduce the occurrence of low birth weight by various methods to avoid the occurrence of premature ovarian insufficiency.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Female; Humans; Birth Weight; Fetal Macrosomia; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Menopause, Premature; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency
PubMed: 38570862
DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01357-9