-
ANZ Journal of Surgery May 2017Malignant blue nevus, blue nevus-associated melanoma and blue nevus-like melanoma are all terms used to describe malignant melanomas arising from, in association with,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Malignant blue nevus, blue nevus-associated melanoma and blue nevus-like melanoma are all terms used to describe malignant melanomas arising from, in association with, or resembling blue nevi. This review is aimed at summarizing the available literature to reduce the confusion surrounding this rare malignancy, and aid the surgeon in choosing further diagnostic or therapeutic measures.
METHODS
We conducted a search of Medline, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus and the Cochrane Library for all full text articles published in English that reported on a malignant melanoma arising from, in association with, or resembling a blue nevus.
RESULTS
We identified 91 cases that fit the criteria above. The mean age at diagnosis was 45 years, with a slight male predominance (males: 48; females: 43). Metastatic cases were reported in 55% (n = 50), of which 16 were metastatic at the time of diagnosis, 16 developed metastases within the first year and 18 within 5 years of initial diagnosis. The mean Breslow thickness was 6.8 mm at the time of diagnosis (n = 39).
CONCLUSIONS
The histological criteria for diagnosing this malignancy are very poorly defined, and may contribute to the substantial confusion surrounding the terminology. There is no consensus on which prognostic indicators predictive of outcome in 'conventional' malignant melanoma are applicable to blue nevus-like melanoma/blue nevus-associated melanoma. However, two larger case series have demonstrated a significant association between Breslow thickness (or largest tumour dimension when non-epidermal) and recurrence-free survival, as well as rate of local recurrence, but larger studies are needed to confirm this.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Melanocytes; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant
PubMed: 28318130
DOI: 10.1111/ans.13946 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Dec 2020
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Nail Diseases; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33210390
DOI: 10.1111/cup.13781 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jun 2011Blue nevus is one of the melanotic lesions that can incidentally arise in the prostate gland. A literature review identified 28 previously reported cases, and although... (Review)
Review
Blue nevus is one of the melanotic lesions that can incidentally arise in the prostate gland. A literature review identified 28 previously reported cases, and although rare, the blue nevus appeared to be the commonest melanocytic lesion arising in the prostate. The differential diagnosis includes melanosis and malignant melanoma, as well as nonmelanotic lesions due to deposition of lipofuscin, hemosiderin and, rarely, homogentisic acid. The distinction among these lesions can typically be made based on morphologic grounds but may also be aided by histochemical and immunohistochemical stains such as stains for iron, S100 protein, HMB-45, and CD68 as needed. Blue nevus of the prostate is a benign lesion with no malignant potential to date, so no further treatment is warranted.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Hemosiderin; Homogentisic Acid; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lipofuscin; Male; Melanoma; Melanosis; Nevus, Blue; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 21631277
DOI: 10.5858/2010-0022-RS.1 -
Dermatologic Therapy Jul 2020Blue nevus (BN), in all its clinical variants, rarely affects the nail bed. This leads to difficulty in the diagnosis of BN within the nail bed as well as to challenges... (Review)
Review
Blue nevus (BN), in all its clinical variants, rarely affects the nail bed. This leads to difficulty in the diagnosis of BN within the nail bed as well as to challenges with regard to its treatment and follow-up management, not solely attributed to the intrinsic difficulty of the anatomical site. We present the first case in the literature of an acquired cellular BN entirely confined within the nail bed, in a female Caucasian patient. We propose diagnostic and therapeutic options based on personal clinical and surgical experience.
Topics: Female; Humans; Nails; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 32500667
DOI: 10.1111/dth.13763 -
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology Jul 2016Blue nevi are a heterogeneous group of lesions that can display a variety of different clinicopathological characteristics. Although attempts are made to classify each... (Review)
Review
Blue nevi are a heterogeneous group of lesions that can display a variety of different clinicopathological characteristics. Although attempts are made to classify each lesion into defined subtypes, there can be overlap between the subtypes. The clinical and histolopathologic features of common blue nevi and cellular blue nevi are discussed, as well as blue nevi with atypical features and malignant lesions with features of blue nevi.
Topics: Humans; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 27199078
DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2016.04.006 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2015Vascular malformations are errors of development of vessels that occur during embryogenesis. They are rheologically divided into slow-flow (capillary, lymphatic, venous... (Review)
Review
Vascular malformations are errors of development of vessels that occur during embryogenesis. They are rheologically divided into slow-flow (capillary, lymphatic, venous and combined) and fast-flow (arterial, arteriovenous, and combined) malformations. These congenital lesions grow proportionally with the patient and never spontaneously regress. Venous malformations (VM) are composed of ectatic venous-like channels. They are mainly sporadic but can be inherited as an autosomal pattern. Any tissue and organ can be affected. They can be isolated or part of syndromes. Blue rubber bleb naevus syndrome is characterized by multifocal rubbery cutaneous venous malformations, especially on palm and sole, that are associated with multiple gastrointestinal VM. Localized intravascular coagulopathy, with high D-dimer level and normal-to-low fibrinogen level, is commonly seen. As cerebral VM can also occur in this syndrome, brain MRI should be part of the screening of patients affected with BRBN. Management is often multidisciplinary and can include medical, interventional radiological and/or surgical treatment.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Hemangioma; Humans; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 26564083
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-62702-5.00016-0 -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Apr 2022
Topics: Conjunctiva; Humans; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 35320859
DOI: 10.1055/a-1739-0021 -
Pathology, Research and Practice Jun 1994Blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion of dermal melanocytes. By convention, two well defined histologic variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", have been... (Review)
Review
Blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion of dermal melanocytes. By convention, two well defined histologic variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", have been recognised. In the last few years, these lesions have attracted much attention due to the recognition of news entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma. In the present review, we point out the more striking features of new related entities (combined nevus, deep penetrating nevus, compound blue nevus) and establish the differential diagnosis with conflictive lesions such as atypical blue nevus, locally aggressive blue nevus, congenital giant melanocytic nevus with nodular growth and melanocytic dermal tumor of unpredictable outcome. We also review the concept of malignant blue nevus and the significance of lymph node metastases. The blue nevus is an uncommon pigmented lesion consisting of dermal melanocytes that can appear in diverse forms: dendritic, spindle-shaped, oval-shaped, or polyhedral. Although it usually occurs in skin, it has been reported in other locations, such as oral mucosa, sclera, uterine cervix, vagina, prostate, spermatic cord, pulmonary hilus, orbit, conjunctiva, maxillary sinus, breast, and lymph nodes 3,8,42,49. Generally, it occurs in adults as a single, acquired, intensely pigmented lesion, although familial and multiple nevi have been reported 7,39. By convention, there are two well-defined histologic variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", but lesions often manifest intermediate features. In the last few years, blue nevus has attracted much attention due to the recognition of new (clinical and histologic) entities and to its confusion with malignant melanoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 7984522
DOI: 10.1016/S0344-0338(11)80402-4 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas 2018
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fingers; Humans; Melanoma; Nail Diseases; Nevus, Blue; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 29017704
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2017.03.018 -
Chinese Medical Sciences Journal =... Mar 2023A 3-year-old boy presented with bluish patch and scattered blue spots on the left side of his face. After several sessions of laser treatment, the azury patch in the...
A 3-year-old boy presented with bluish patch and scattered blue spots on the left side of his face. After several sessions of laser treatment, the azury patch in the periorbital area became even darker. Histopathology showed many bipolar, pigment-laden dendritic cells scattered in the papillary and upper reticular dermis. Immunohistochemically, these cells were positive for S100, SOX-10, melan-A, P16, and HMB-45. The positive rate of Ki-67 was less than 5%. Finally, the lesion was diagnosed with nevus of Ota concurrent with common blue nevus. Therefore, for cases of the nevus of Ota with poor response to laser treatment, the possible coexisting diseases should be suspected.
Topics: Male; Humans; Child, Preschool; Nevus, Blue; Nevus of Ota; Skin; Face; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 36727415
DOI: 10.24920/004092