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International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2020The aim of the present study is to verify the knowledge of risks and complications of oral piercings, and to observe the main complications associated with piercings,...
The aim of the present study is to verify the knowledge of risks and complications of oral piercings, and to observe the main complications associated with piercings, using a sample from central Italy of patients wearing intraoral piercings. Through piercing and tattoo studios selected randomly in Rome, Latina and Campobasso, and a tattoo and piercing convention in Latina, a group of 387 individuals with oral piercings were selected and asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. After filling in questionnaires, 70 individuals of the 387 selected agreed to be visited to allow the observation of the integrity of their teeth and gums (especially close to the oral piercing), oral hygiene conditions, piercing cleaning, bad habits and gingival recession. Among the respondents, 46.8% said they had not been informed about these risks, 48.5% claimed not to clean the piercing, 70.6% stated that they had not been made aware of gingival problems that can arise, 60.4% subjects stated that they were not informed about the complications of piercings concerning teeth, 52.8% had insufficient oral hygiene conditions, 42% showed signs of generalised gingivitis, 20% had 3-4 mm recessions and 22% had tooth fracture(s) due to piercing. From this study, it emerged that oral piercings can represent a risk to oral health and that there is a widespread lack of awareness of the complications and correct methods of maintaining oral piercings. Periodic checks by both dentists and dental hygienists, for patients with oral piercings, could play a decisive role in preventing, intercepting and treating the complications that they can cause.
Topics: Adult; Body Piercing; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Italy; Male; Oral Health; Rome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31963636
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020613 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2008Piercing has become more and more popular among adolescents. The procedure is generally performed by unqualified professionals and carries its risk. Non-sterilized... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Piercing has become more and more popular among adolescents. The procedure is generally performed by unqualified professionals and carries its risk. Non-sterilized material or inappropiate hygiene increases the possibility of perichondritis and celulitis. The disease is characterized by erythema of the auricula pinna, unbearable pain and fever. Left untreated, the condition progresses with edema along the auricula and abscess formation that may result in ischemic necrosis and a cauliflower anesthetic deformation. The most common bacteria is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In cases with abscesses, drainage is necessary along with antibiotic therapy guided by cultures and antibiogram.
AIM
The aim of this case report was to review the past 10 years of published papers dealing with anatomical aspects of the auricular pinna, the history of piercing and its most common complications.
METHODS
A case report of perichondritis after 'high' ear piercing that required surgical treatment and that progressed with no esthetic loss.
RESULTS
Theoretical and practical experience based on a review and a report of a case that progressed satisfactorily.
CONCLUSIONS
The increased incidence of perichondritis in adolescents should require more elaborated primary prevention measures.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Piercing; Cartilage Diseases; Ear Cartilage; Female; Humans; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PubMed: 19582352
DOI: 10.1016/S1808-8694(15)30156-7 -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... Sep 2022Ear piercing is one of the most common forms of body modification seen in children and adolescents presenting to my office. Parents of my younger pediatric patients...
QUESTION
Ear piercing is one of the most common forms of body modification seen in children and adolescents presenting to my office. Parents of my younger pediatric patients inquire about potential post-piercing complications and risk factors associated with earlobe infections. What guidance should I give them? Also, are there any specific post-piercing complications to consider for older pediatric patients seeking second piercings in the upper cartilage area?
ANSWER
Piercing the earlobe or auricular cartilage continues to be a popular procedure among children and adolescents. Despite its widespread practice, improper aseptic piercing technique, insufficient training, and trauma to the soft tissue during high-pressure piercing (eg, use of spring-loaded ear-piercing instruments) can increase one's susceptibility to infections, bleeding, and microfractures. Other post-piercing complications include embedded earrings, keloids, hypertrophic scarring, and cutaneous hypersensitivity. Early recognition and treatment of infections and perichondritis secondary to transcartilaginous piercings can prevent the progression of severe ear deformities requiring reconstructive surgical interventions.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Piercing; Child; Cosmetic Techniques; Ear; Humans
PubMed: 36100383
DOI: 10.46747/cfp.6809661 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2015The infectious complications of body piercing and tattooing are reviewed. (Review)
Review
The infectious complications of body piercing and tattooing are reviewed.
Topics: Body Piercing; Humans; Infections; Tattooing
PubMed: 27337275
DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.IOL5-0016-2015 -
Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy Dec 2021Tattoos and piercings are types of body art, which are gaining popularity over the last decades. An increasing number of adolescents and adults with congenital heart... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Tattoos and piercings are types of body art, which are gaining popularity over the last decades. An increasing number of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) have piercings or tattoos. This review will provide prudent information on the subject for affected patients and health care professionals caring for them.
BACKGROUND
Amongst others, local infections are a common complication in up to 20% of all piercings and isolated cases of systemic infections like endocarditis have been reported. Individuals with congenital heart disease are especially susceptible to endocarditis and prone to suffer severe health consequences from it. In terms of tattooing endocarditis is less common but the localization must be well considered as it might interfere with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), which constitutes an important part of follow up investigations in these patients.
METHODS
This article is written as a commentary narrative review and will provide an update on the current literature and available data on common forms of body modification and the potential risks for patients with CHD.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to best advise patients and their families, health care professionals must be aware of potential risks accompanying the implementation of body art. Neither the European nor the American guidelines for endocarditis prophylaxis address piercings and tattoos. To our knowledge, there are no clear recommendations concerning piercings and tattoos for adolescents and adults with CHD.
PubMed: 35070808
DOI: 10.21037/cdt-21-458 -
Cureus Jul 2023Background and objective Body piercing was a cultural custom associated with religious or ceremonial rites in antiquity. Currently, it has grown in popularity among...
Background and objective Body piercing was a cultural custom associated with religious or ceremonial rites in antiquity. Currently, it has grown in popularity among teenagers and young people as a form of self-expression. Young adults are now frequently seen with body and oral piercings, which can cause several complications. Patients with intraoral piercing often present with poor dental and periodontal health, as well as various complications and side effects. The general public is often poorly informed about the risks they are exposed to after intraoral piercing and the strategies for minimizing them, and even healthcare professionals often have limited knowledge of the risks and complications that may arise after this procedure. To the best of our knowledge, no published data assessing the knowledge of oral and perioral piercing among the population living in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia are currently available. In light of this, we conducted this study to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of oral piercing and its complications among the population living in Riyadh city and evaluate the correlation of nationality, sex, age, and socioeconomic status (educational level, area of residence, and income) with the level of individual knowledge. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study with a sample size of 1,099. A confidence interval (CI) of 95%, a standard deviation of 0.5, and a margin of error of 5% were employed to determine the sample size. A structured questionnaire was used as the study tool and was distributed in several residential areas in Riyadh, such as North, South, Middle, Eastern, and Western Riyadh City. The data collection was performed using simple random sampling via electronic questionnaires distributed to participants living in Riyadh. Results A total of 1,054 individuals completed the survey. Of these, 95.6% were Saudi nationals. Approximately 85.5% of the participants (n = 901) were women, 52.4% were aged 20-29 years (n = 552), and most participants (62.9%, n = 663) had a low monthly income (<5,000 Saudi Riyals); in terms of residence, the highest number of participants were from the northern region of Riyadh (37.1%, n = 391). Most participants had heard of or seen an oral or perioral piercing (89.1%, n = 939). However, very few of them had received an oral piercing themselves (10.7%, n = 113) or had a family member with an oral piercing (18.7%, n = 197). Participants reported that the most commonly observed site for oral piercing was the lip (29.8%, n = 314), and teenagers were the most common age group with oral piercings (76.3%, n = 804). Regarding the adverse effects, most participants reported being aware of the negative consequences of oral piercing in the mouth (72.2%, n = 761). Sex and age were the only factors that showed a significant association with participants' level of knowledge. Women were significantly more knowledgeable and had higher scores (ß: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.69) than men (p<0.05). Additionally, participants aged 20-29 years had significantly higher knowledge scores (ß: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.63) than younger participants (p<0.05). Conclusions Based on our findings, participants' knowledge and awareness about oral piercing is adequate in general. However, there should be more efforts to educate the people of Riyadh about the complications of these piercings as well as raise awareness about proper oral hygiene methods.
PubMed: 37583743
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41930 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2021tattooing and piercing are increasingly common, especially among youths. However, several health complications may be associated with these practices if basic hygiene...
BACKGROUND
tattooing and piercing are increasingly common, especially among youths. However, several health complications may be associated with these practices if basic hygiene rules are not respected. This multicenter study was aimed at exploring tattoo and piercing experiences reported by a large sample of Italian undergraduate students through a public health perspective.
METHODS
tattooed and/or pierced students attending 12 Italian universities were asked to complete a web-based questionnaire regarding their body art experience.
RESULTS
out of 1472 respondents, 833 (56.6%) were tattooed and 1009 (68.5%) were pierced. The greatest proportion of tattooed students (93.9%) got her/his first tattoo in a tattoo studio, while most of the pierced were serviced in a jewelry store (48.0%). The pierced ones were less informed on health issues related to the procedure (56.0% versus 77.8% of tattooed < 0.001), and tattooists were reportedly more attentive to hygiene rules (instrument sterilization 91.5% versus 79.1% of piercers, < 0.001; use of disposable gloves 98.2% versus 71% of piercers, < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
educational interventions for both professionals and communities are needed to improve the awareness and the control of health risks related to body art throughout the Italian territory.
Topics: Adolescent; Body Piercing; Female; Humans; Hygiene; Male; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tattooing; Universities
PubMed: 34886155
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312429 -
American Family Physician Nov 2005The trend of body piercing at sites other than the earlobe has grown in popularity in the past decade. The tongue, lips, nose, eyebrows, nipples, navel, and genitals may... (Review)
Review
The trend of body piercing at sites other than the earlobe has grown in popularity in the past decade. The tongue, lips, nose, eyebrows, nipples, navel, and genitals may be pierced. Complications of body piercing include local and systemic infections, poor cosmesis, and foreign body rejection. Swelling and tooth fracture are common problems after tongue piercing. Minor infections, allergic contact dermatitis, keloid formation, and traumatic tearing may occur after piercing of the earlobe. "High" ear piercing through the ear cartilage is associated with more serious infections and disfigurement. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are advised for treatment of auricular perichondritis because of their antipseudomonal activity. Many complications from piercing are body-site-specific or related to the piercing technique used. Navel, nipple, and genital piercings often have prolonged healing times. Family physicians should be prepared to address complications of body piercing and provide accurate information to patients.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Body Piercing; Family Practice; Female; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infections; Male
PubMed: 16342832
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Open May 2023The Swedish Tattoo and Body Modifications Cohort (TABOO) cohort was established to provide an infrastructure for epidemiological studies researching the role of tattoos...
PURPOSE
The Swedish Tattoo and Body Modifications Cohort (TABOO) cohort was established to provide an infrastructure for epidemiological studies researching the role of tattoos and other body modifications as risk factors for adverse health outcomes. It is the first population-based cohort with detailed exposure assessment of decorative, cosmetic, and medical tattoos, piercing, scarification, henna tattoos, cosmetic laser treatments, hair dyeing, and sun habits. The level of detail in the exposure assessment of tattoos allows for investigation of crude dose-response relationships.
PARTICIPANTS
The TABOO cohort includes 13 049 individuals that participated in a questionnaire survey conducted in 2021 (response rate 49%). Outcome data are retrieved from the National Patient Register, the National Prescribed Drug Register and the National Cause of Death Register. Participation in the registers is regulated by Swedish law, which eliminates the risk of loss to follow-up and associated selection bias.
FINDINGS TO DATE
The tattoo prevalence in TABOO is 21%. The cohort is currently used to clarify the incidence of acute and long-lasting health complaints after tattooing based on self-reported data. Using register-based outcome data, we are investigating the role of tattoos as a risk factor for immune-mediated disease, including hypersensitisation, foreign body reactions and autoimmune conditions.
FUTURE PLANS
The register linkage will be renewed every third year to update the outcome data, and we have ethical approval to reapproach the responders with additional questionnaires.
Topics: Humans; Tattooing; Taboo; Sunbathing; Sweden; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37142309
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069664