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Bioengineered Feb 2022Perillaldehyde (PAH), one of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plant s, is widely used and exerts crucial anti-cancer activities. The aim...
Perillaldehyde (PAH), one of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plant s, is widely used and exerts crucial anti-cancer activities. The aim of current study is to illustrate the potential mechanisms of PAH-mediated regulation of bone metastasis and osteoclastogenesis in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. Effects of PAH on proliferation, invasion and migration of PC-3 cells were assessed with the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Transwell assays, respectively. Effects of PAH on stem cell characteristics of PC-3 cells were evaluated by cell-matrix adhesion assay, colony formation assay, spheroid formation assay, as well as western blot . The anti-metastasis and anti-osteoclastogenesis activity of PAH in RAW264.7 cells was examined by osteoclast differentiation assay and western blot. The protein levels of CD133 and CD44 in PC-3 cells and the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells were measured by western blot. PAH suppressed proliferation, invasion and migration of PC-3 cells, prevented stem cell characteristics including cell-matrix adhesion, colony formation, spheroid formation as well as CD133 and CD44 expression. PAH inhibited bone metastasis and osteoclastogenesis via repressing the activation of NF-κB pathway as well as (RANKL) - and cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis in PCa cells. These findings suggested the potential therapeutic effects of PAH on the metastasis of patients with PCa.
Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Mice; Monoterpenes; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Proteins; Osteoclasts; PC-3 Cells; Prostatic Neoplasms; RANK Ligand; RAW 264.7 Cells; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 34738877
DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2001237 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2017Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare disorder comprising 5%-10% of all plasma cell neoplasms. Progression to multiple myeloma is the most common pattern of relapse....
Solitary plasmacytoma is a rare disorder comprising 5%-10% of all plasma cell neoplasms. Progression to multiple myeloma is the most common pattern of relapse. Appearance of new lesions without any systemic disease is the most unusual pattern of relapse seen in <2% cases. We present a case of a 46-year-old female who presented with features of third and seventh cranial nerve palsy, diagnosed with solitary plasmacytoma, with no evidence of any systemic disease. As per standard recommendations, the patient received radiotherapy to the local site. The patient developed relapse twice, at three sites, during the follow-up period. Investigations revealed no evidence of any systemic disease. In view of repeat relapses, the patient was started on immune modulatory agent. Two and half years after the last radiotherapy, the patient is symptom free with no evidence of any new lesion.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bone Neoplasms; Cyclophosphamide; Diphosphonates; Disease Progression; Female; Femur; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Plasmacytoma; Thalidomide; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 29054949
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-221780 -
Journal of the National Medical... Jul 2007This review provides an update on the management of painful bone metastases, with an emphasis on radionuclide therapy, and introduces oligometastases and quantitative... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This review provides an update on the management of painful bone metastases, with an emphasis on radionuclide therapy, and introduces oligometastases and quantitative imaging evaluations for clinical trials.
METHODS
The current use of radionuclides, alone and in combination with chemotherapy and radiation therapy for painful bone metastases, is discussed, including toxicity, cost and overall outcomes.
RESULTS
Radionuclide therapy is shown to be a useful and cost-effective means of alleviating bone pain in metastatic disease and may be more effective when combined with chemotherapy, bisphosphonates and radiation therapy. Early use of radionuclides in pain therapy may limit cancer progression by inhibiting oligometastases development. Thus, radionuclides can significantly decrease patient morbidity, prolong patient survival, and may decrease the occurrence of new bone metastases.
CONCLUSION
Palliative pain therapy is critical for effectively managing bone metastases, with treatment options including analgesics, external beam radiotherapy, chemotherapy and radionuclides. Radionuclide therapy is underutilized. Recent studies using radionuclides with chemotherapy and bisphosponates, or using newer radionuclides or combinations of radionuclides and treatment paradigms (e.g., higher activities, repetitive or cyclic administration, chemo sensitization, chemo supplementation), are encouraging. A comprehensive, inter-disciplinary clinical approach is needed. Clinical collaborations will optimize radionuclide therapy for pain palliation and increase awareness of its benefits.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pain; Palliative Care; Radioisotopes; Rhenium; Samarium; Strontium Radioisotopes
PubMed: 17668645
DOI: No ID Found -
The Oncologist Oct 2009Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of >50 subtypes of neoplasm. It is imperative to obtain appropriate imaging of these tumors in order to adequately assess,...
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of >50 subtypes of neoplasm. It is imperative to obtain appropriate imaging of these tumors in order to adequately assess, characterize, and stage bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Anatomic imaging such as radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remain the foundation for both biopsy planning and postoperative evaluation of these neoplasms. However, anatomic imaging may not be entirely accurate in the evaluation of treatment response. Newer techniques, such (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, are being used to evaluate distant metastases. Newer radiopharmaceuticals, such as (18)F-fluorodeoxythymidine, are being developed to assist in the differentiation between benign and low-grade malignant neoplasms. Newer functional imaging techniques, such as dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging, among others, are being developed to evaluate treatment response.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 19789392
DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2009-0194 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Limited data exists analyzing disparities in diagnosis regarding primary bone neoplasms (PBN). The objective of our study was to determine if there is an association...
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE
Limited data exists analyzing disparities in diagnosis regarding primary bone neoplasms (PBN). The objective of our study was to determine if there is an association between race/ethnicity and advanced stage of diagnosis of PBN.
METHODS
This population-based retrospective cohort study included patient demographic and health information extracted from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER). The main exposure variable was race/ethnicity categorized as non-Hispanic white (NH-W), non-Hispanic black (NH-B), non-Hispanic Asian Pacific Islander (NH-API), and Hispanic. The main outcome variable was advanced stage at diagnosis. Age, sex, tumor grade, type of bone cancer, decade, and geographic location were co-variates. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were conducted calculating odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
Race/ethnicity was not statistically significantly associated with advanced-stage disease. Adjusted OR for NH-B was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.78-1.38), for NH-API 1.07 (95% CI: 0.86-1.33) and for Hispanic 1.03 (95% CI: 0.85-1.25).
CONCLUSIONS
The lack of association between race and advanced stage of disease could be due to high availability and low cost for initial management of bone malignancies though plain radiographs. Future studies may include socioeconomic status and insurance coverage as covariates in the analysis.
Topics: Humans; United States; Retrospective Studies; Ethnicity; Neoplasm Staging; Hispanic or Latino; Bone Neoplasms
PubMed: 36497878
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315802 -
Joint Diseases and Related Surgery 2021This study aims to investigate the characterization and follow-up results of tumors and tumor-like lesions in the talus.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to investigate the characterization and follow-up results of tumors and tumor-like lesions in the talus.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Twenty-one patients (15 males, 6 females; mean age: 31.6±17 years; range, 4 to 67 years) with benign and malignant tumors or tumor-like lesions in the talus region treated and followed in our clinic between January 2007 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological, pathological, surgical, and demographic features were scanned from the database.
RESULTS
Patients were followed for mean 80±45.1 (range, 25 to 156) months. The most common complaint was pain and antalgic gait. Benign bone tumors were found in 15 (71%) of 21 patients, while tumor-like lesions (two intraosseous ganglia, osteomyelitis, and bone infarction) were found in four patients. The remaining two were patients with lung and bladder cancer metastasis. Lesion size was mean 2.1±0.5 (range, 1.1 to 3.3) cm. Recurrence developed in 14.3% (n=3) of the patients during follow-up.
CONCLUSION
The talus is a rare location for tumors; however, benign and malignant tumors and tumor-like lesions may be localized in the talus.
Topics: Adult; Bone Diseases; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms; Orthopedic Procedures; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Talus; Turkey
PubMed: 33463440
DOI: 10.5606/ehc.2021.78769 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Jul 2017A systematic literature review was conducted to quantify populations of patients with primary breast cancer in whom bone metastases were detected at study start or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
A systematic literature review was conducted to quantify populations of patients with primary breast cancer in whom bone metastases were detected at study start or during follow-up. Searches were performed in PubMed and EMBASE using terms related to breast cancer and bone metastases. Articles had to have been published 01/01/99-31/12/13, and to report data on the proportion of patients with bone metastases among patients with breast cancer. In total, 156 articles were included in the meta-analysis. A median of 12% of patients with stage I-III breast cancer developed bone metastases during a median follow-up of 60 months. Of patients who developed metastatic disease during follow-up, 55% (median) had bone metastases. Of those with metastatic breast cancer at study start, 58% (median) had bone metastases. These data help to inform on the global burden of bone metastases by defining patient populations that are at risk of developing bone metastases.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 28602171
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.04.008 -
American Family Physician Nov 2007Breast, prostate, renal, thyroid, and lung carcinomas commonly metastasize to bone. Managing skeletal metastatic disease can be complex. Pain is the most common... (Review)
Review
Breast, prostate, renal, thyroid, and lung carcinomas commonly metastasize to bone. Managing skeletal metastatic disease can be complex. Pain is the most common presenting symptom and requires thorough radiographic and laboratory evaluation. If plain-film radiography is not sufficient for diagnosis, a bone scan may detect occult lesions. Patients with lytic skeletal metastases may be at risk for impending fracture. Destructive lesions in the proximal femur and hip area are particularly worrisome. High-risk patients require immediate referral to an orthopedic surgeon. Patients who are not at risk for impending fracture can be treated with a combination of radiotherapy and adjuvant drug therapy. Bisphosphonates diminish pain and prolong the time to significant skeletal complications.
Topics: Biopsy; Bone Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnostic Imaging; Femur; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 18052014
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Sep 2016
Topics: Animals; Bone Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fatal Outcome; Hair Diseases; Lameness, Animal; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pilomatrixoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 27585098
DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.6.607 -
CA: a Cancer Journal For Clinicians 2006Staging of bone sarcomas is the process whereby patients are evaluated with regard to histology, as well as the local and distant extent, of disease. Bone sarcomas are... (Review)
Review
Staging of bone sarcomas is the process whereby patients are evaluated with regard to histology, as well as the local and distant extent, of disease. Bone sarcomas are staged based on grade, size, and the presence and location of metastases. The system is designed to help stratify patients according to known risk factors. Proper staging helps define the prognosis for patients and helps guide their treatment. Furthermore, staging allows meaningful comparisons to be done among groups of patients.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Sarcoma
PubMed: 17135693
DOI: 10.3322/canjclin.56.6.366