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Cancer Biotherapy & Radiopharmaceuticals Apr 2023This proceeding article compiles current research on the development of boron delivery drugs for boron neutron capture therapy that was presented and discussed at the... (Review)
Review
This proceeding article compiles current research on the development of boron delivery drugs for boron neutron capture therapy that was presented and discussed at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Workshop on Neutron Capture Therapy that took place on April 20-22, 2022. The most used boron sources are icosahedral boron clusters attached to peptides, proteins (such as albumin), porphyrin derivatives, dendrimers, polymers, and nanoparticles, or encapsulated into liposomes. These boron clusters and/or carriers can be labeled with contrast agents allowing for the use of imaging techniques, such as PET, SPECT, and fluorescence, that enable quantification of tumor-localized boron and their use as theranostic agents.
Topics: Humans; Boron; Neoplasms; Liposomes; Contrast Media; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
PubMed: 36350709
DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2022.0060 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2020Boron and silicon-substituted 1,3-dienes and boron and silicon-substituted alkenes and alkynes have been known for years and the last 10 years have seen a number of new... (Review)
Review
Boron and silicon-substituted 1,3-dienes and boron and silicon-substituted alkenes and alkynes have been known for years and the last 10 years have seen a number of new reports of their preparation and use in Diels-Alder reactions. This review first covers boron-substituted dienes and dienophiles and then moves on to discuss silicon-substituted dienes and dienophiles.
Topics: Alkynes; Boron; Catalysis; Cycloaddition Reaction; Models, Molecular; Polyenes; Silicon; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 32824327
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163740 -
Genes Jan 2023Boron (B) is an essential mineral nutrient for growth of plants, and B deficiency is now a worldwide problem that limits production of B deficiency-sensitive crops, such... (Review)
Review
Boron (B) is an essential mineral nutrient for growth of plants, and B deficiency is now a worldwide problem that limits production of B deficiency-sensitive crops, such as rape and cotton. Agronomic practice has told that balanced B and other mineral nutrient fertilizer applications is helpful to promote crop yield. In recent years, much research has reported that applying B can also reduce the accumulation of toxic elements such as cadmium and aluminum in plants and alleviate their toxicity symptoms. Therefore, the relation between B and other elements has become an interesting issue for plant nutritionists. Here we summarize the research progress of the interaction between B and macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sulfur, essential micronutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, copper, and molybdenum, and beneficial elements such as sodium, selenium, and silicon. Moreover, the interaction between B and toxic elements such as cadmium and aluminum, which pose a serious threat to agriculture, is also discussed in this paper. Finally, the possible physiological mechanisms of the interaction between B and other elements in plants is reviewed. We propose that the cell wall is an important intermediary between interaction of B and other elements, and competitive inhibition of elements and related signal transduction pathways also play a role. Currently, research on the physiological role of B in plants mainly focuses on its involvement in the structure and function of cell walls, and our understanding of the details for interactions between B and other elements also tend to relate to the cell wall. However, we know little about the metabolic process of B inside cells, including its interactions with other elements. More research is needed to address the aforementioned research questions in future.
Topics: Boron; Cadmium; Aluminum; Plants; Selenium
PubMed: 36672871
DOI: 10.3390/genes14010130 -
The Science of the Total Environment Oct 2023Boron (B) is released to terrestrial and aquatic environments through both natural and anthropogenic sources. This review describes the current knowledge on B... (Review)
Review
Boron (B) is released to terrestrial and aquatic environments through both natural and anthropogenic sources. This review describes the current knowledge on B contamination in soil and aquatic environments in relation to its geogenic and anthropogenic sources, biogeochemistry, environmental and human health impacts, remediation approaches, and regulatory practices. The common naturally occurring sources of B include borosilicate minerals, volcanic eruptions, geothermal and groundwater streams, and marine water. Boron is extensively used to manufacture fiberglass, thermal-resistant borosilicate glass and porcelain, cleaning detergents, vitreous enamels, weedicides, fertilizers, and B-based steel for nuclear shields. Anthropogenic sources of B released into the environment include wastewater for irrigation, B fertilizer application, and waste from mining and processing industries. Boron is an essential element for plant nutrition and is taken up mainly as boric acid molecules. Although B deficiency in agricultural soils has been observed, B toxicity can inhibit plant growth in soils under arid and semiarid regions. High B intake by humans can be detrimental to the stomach, liver, kidneys and brain, and eventually results in death. Amelioration of soils and water sources enriched with B can be achieved by immobilization, leaching, adsorption, phytoremediation, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration. The development of cost-effective technologies for B removal from B-rich irrigation water including electrodialysis and electrocoagulation techniques is likely to help control the predominant anthropogenic input of B to the soil. Future research initiatives for the sustainable remediation of B contamination using advanced technologies in soil and water environments are also recommended.
Topics: Humans; Boron; Minerals; Risk Management; Soil; Water
PubMed: 37315601
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164744 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2020Boron is an essential plant micronutrient taken up via the roots mostly in the form of boric acid. Its important role in plant metabolism involves the stabilization of... (Review)
Review
Boron is an essential plant micronutrient taken up via the roots mostly in the form of boric acid. Its important role in plant metabolism involves the stabilization of molecules with -diol groups. The element is involved in the cell wall and membrane structure and functioning; therefore, it participates in numerous ion, metabolite, and hormone transport reactions. Boron has an extremely narrow range between deficiency and toxicity, and inadequate boron supply exhibits a detrimental effect on the yield of agricultural plants. The deficiency problem can be solved by fertilization, whereas soil boron toxicity can be ameliorated using various procedures; however, these approaches are costly and time-consuming, and they often show temporary effects. Plant species, as well as the genotypes within the species, dramatically differ in terms of boron requirements; thus, the available soil boron which is deficient for one crop may exhibit toxic effects on another. The widely documented intraspecies genetic variability regarding boron utilization efficiency and toxicity tolerance, together with the knowledge of the physiology and genetics of boron, should result in the development of efficient and tolerant varieties that may represent a long-term sustainable solution for the problem of inadequate or excess boron supply.
Topics: Boron; Cell Wall; Plant Roots; Plants; Soil
PubMed: 32093172
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041424 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2020Boron compounds now have many applications in a number of fields, including Medicinal Chemistry. Although the uses of boron compounds in pharmacological science have... (Review)
Review
Boron compounds now have many applications in a number of fields, including Medicinal Chemistry. Although the uses of boron compounds in pharmacological science have been recognized several decades ago, surprisingly few are found in pharmaceutical drugs. The boron-containing compounds epitomize a new class for medicinal chemists to use in their drug designs. Carboranes are a class of organometallic compounds containing carbon (C), boron (B), and hydrogen (H) and are the most widely studied boron compounds in medicinal chemistry. Additionally, other boron-based compounds are of great interest, such as dodecaborate anions, metallacarboranes and metallaboranes. The boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been utilized for cancer treatment from last decade, where chemotherapy and radiation have their own shortcomings. However, the improvement in the already existing (BPA and/or BSH) localized delivery agents or new tumor-targeted compounds are required before realizing the full clinical potential of BNCT. The work outlined in this short review addresses the advancements in boron containing compounds. Here, we have focused on the possible clinical implications of the new and improved boron-based biologically active compounds for BNCT that are reported to have in vivo and/or in vitro efficacy.
Topics: Animals; Boron; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; Carbon; Humans; Hydrogen
PubMed: 32070043
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040828 -
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in... May 2022Carboranes are boron-carbon molecular clusters that possess unique properties, such as their icosahedron geometry, high boron content, and delocalized three-dimensional... (Review)
Review
Carboranes are boron-carbon molecular clusters that possess unique properties, such as their icosahedron geometry, high boron content, and delocalized three-dimensional aromaticity. These features render carboranes valuable building blocks for applications in supramolecular design, nanomaterials, optoelectronics, organometallic coordination chemistry, and as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents. Despite tremendous progress in this field, stoichiometric chemical redox reagents are largely required for the oxidative activation of carborane cages. In this context, electrosyntheses represent an alternative strategy for more sustainable molecular syntheses. It is only in recent few years that considerable progress has been made in electrochemical cage functionalization of carboranes, which are summarized in this Minireview. We anticipate that electrocatalysis will serve as an increasingly powerful stimulus within the current renaissance of carborane electrochemistry.
Topics: Boranes; Boron; Carbon
PubMed: 35148009
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200323 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) Mar 2020
Topics: Animals; Boron; Diet; Humans; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Plants, Edible
PubMed: 31639188
DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz110 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022A standard goal of medicinal chemists has been to discover efficient and potent drug candidates with specific enzyme-inhibitor abilities. In this regard, boron-based... (Review)
Review
A standard goal of medicinal chemists has been to discover efficient and potent drug candidates with specific enzyme-inhibitor abilities. In this regard, boron-based bioactive compounds have provided amphiphilic properties to facilitate interaction with protein targets. Indeed, the spectrum of boron-based entities as drug candidates against many diseases has grown tremendously since the first clinically tested boron-based drug, Velcade. In this review, we collectively represent the current boron-containing drug candidates, boron-containing retinoids, benzoxaboroles, aminoboronic acid, carboranes, and BODIPY, for the treatment of different human diseases.In addition, we also describe the synthesis, key structure-activity relationship, and associated biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antituberculosis, antitumor, antiparasitic, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, antifolate, antidepressant, antiallergic, anesthetic, and anti-Alzheimer's agents, as well as proteasome and lipogenic inhibitors. This compilation could be very useful in the exploration of novel boron-derived compounds against different diseases, with promising efficacy and lesser side effects.
Topics: Boranes; Boron; Boron Compounds; Bortezomib; Drug Discovery; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans
PubMed: 35565972
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092615 -
Nature Communications Apr 2023Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was clinically approved in 2020 and exhibits remarkable tumour rejection in preclinical and clinical studies. It is binary...
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was clinically approved in 2020 and exhibits remarkable tumour rejection in preclinical and clinical studies. It is binary radiotherapy that may selectively deposit two deadly high-energy particles (He and Li) within a cancer cell. As a radiotherapy induced by localized nuclear reaction, few studies have reported its abscopal anti-tumour effect, which has limited its further clinical applications. Here, we engineer a neutron-activated boron capsule that synergizes BNCT and controlled immune adjuvants release to provoke a potent anti-tumour immune response. This study demonstrates that boron neutron capture nuclear reaction forms considerable defects in boron capsule that augments the drug release. The following single-cell sequencing unveils the fact and mechanism that BNCT heats anti-tumour immunity. In female mice tumour models, BNCT and the controlled drug release triggered by localized nuclear reaction causes nearly complete regression of both primary and distant tumour grafts.
Topics: Male; Female; Animals; Mice; Boron; Neoplasms; Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; Immunotherapy; Neutrons; Boron Compounds
PubMed: 37019890
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37253-x