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Nutrients May 2021Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture leading to bone fragility and an increased... (Review)
Review
Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures. Conventional anti-osteoporotic pharmaceutics are effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of osteoporosis, however they are associated with various side effects that push many women into seeking botanicals as an alternative therapy. Traditional folk medicine is a rich source of bioactive compounds waiting for discovery and investigation that might be used in those patients, and therefore botanicals have recently received increasing attention. The aim of this review of literature is to present the comprehensive information about plant-derived compounds that might be used to maintain bone health in perimenopausal and postmenopausal females.
Topics: Animals; Bone Density; Bone and Bones; Botany; Female; Fractures, Bone; Herbal Medicine; Humans; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Phytoestrogens
PubMed: 34064936
DOI: 10.3390/nu13051609 -
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine... Dec 2020To conduct an ethnobotanical survey and document the traditional anticancer and antidiabetic plants used by the local tribes of Mizoram, Northeast India. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To conduct an ethnobotanical survey and document the traditional anticancer and antidiabetic plants used by the local tribes of Mizoram, Northeast India.
METHODS
A systematic survey was conducted in rural and urban areas of Mizoram by interviewing traditional practitioners, and cancer and diabetes patients. A detailed literature search was carried out using MEDLINE and SCOPUS and available literatures were selected and included in the study. The use value (UV) of the selected plants was calculated based on the number of citations per species given by informants.
RESULTS
Data was obtained for 201 traditional medicinal plants from Mizoram, Northeast India. These plants were from 72 different families and belonged to 140 genera. Of these, 103 plants were reported for the first time as possessing either anticancer or antidiabetic potential, and 105 plants were identified that were used for the treatment of both diseases. Three plants (Phlogacanthus thysiformis, Solanum gilo and Lobelia angulata) with antidiabetic potential, and six plants (Dillenia scabrella, Circium sinesis, Eupatorium nodiflorum, Pratia begonifolia, Vernonia teres and Plantago erosa) with both as anticancer and antidiabetic potential were documented for the first time.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we documented several explored and unexplored medicinal plants that may be useful for the management of cancer and diabetes. This study suggests that there is a broad scope fordeveloping potent anticancer and antidiabetic agent from the flora of Mizoram, Northeast India.
Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethnobotany; Humans; Neoplasms; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 33258353
DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.2020.06.012 -
Plant, Cell & Environment Oct 2019
Topics: Botany; Germination; Global Warming; Microbiota; Plant Development; Plant Physiological Phenomena; Plants; Seeds; Stress, Physiological; Temperature
PubMed: 31603569
DOI: 10.1111/pce.13648 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology May 2023Yi-Shen-Hua-Shi (YSHS) granule is an effective prescription widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), its exact efficacy in...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Yi-Shen-Hua-Shi (YSHS) granule is an effective prescription widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetic kidney disease (DKD), its exact efficacy in treating DKD has been confirmed but the underlying regulatory mechanism has not been fully elucidated.
AIM OF THE STUDY
To explore the mechanism by which YSHS granule regulates intestinal flora and serum metabolites and then regulates renal mRNA expression through the "gut-kidney axis", so as to improve DKD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
40 rats were divided into five groups: Normal group (N) (normal saline), model group (M) (STZ + normal saline), YSHS granule low-dose group (YL) (STZ + 2.27 g kg d), YSHS granule high-dose group (YH) (STZ + 5.54g kg d) and valsartan group (V) (STZ + 7.38mg kg d). After 6 weeks, changes in blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function related indexes were observed, as well as pathological changes in the kidney and colon. Intestinal microbiota was sequenced by 16S rDNA, serum differential metabolites were identified by LC-MS/MS, and renal differences in mRNA expression were observed by RNA-seq. Further, through the association analysis of intestinal differential microbiota, serum differential metabolites and kidney differential mRNAs, the target flora, target metabolites and target genes of YSHS granule were screened and verified, and the "gut-metabolism-transcription" co-expression network was constructed.
RESULTS
In group M, blood glucose, blood lipid and proteinuria were increased, inflammation, oxidative stress and renal function were aggravated, with the proliferation of mesangial matrix, vacuolar degeneration of renal tubules, accumulation of collagen and lipid, and increased intestinal permeability, and YSHS granule and valsartan improved these disorders to varying degrees. High dose of YSHS granule improved the diversity and abundance of flora, decreased the F/B value, greatly increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus_murinus, and decreased the abundance of Prevoella UCG_001. 14 target metabolites of YSHS granule were identified, which were mainly enriched in 20 KEGG pathways, such as Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Sphingolipid metabolism and Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. 96 target mRNAs of YSHS granule were also identified. The enriched top 20 pathways were closely related to glucose and lipid metabolism, of which a total of 21 differential mRNAs were expressed. Further correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus_murinus and Prevotella UCG_001 were highly correlated with Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Sphingolipid metabolism and Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways. At the same time, 6 pathways including Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Purine metabolism, Primary bile acid biosynthesis, Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and Galactose metabolism were co-enriched by the target metabolites and the target mRNAs of YSHS granule, including 7 differential metabolites such as phosphatidylethanolamine and 7 differential genes such as Adcy3. The 7 differential metabolites had high predictive value of AUC, and the validation of 7 differential genes were highly consistent with the sequencing results.
CONCLUSION
YSHS granule could improve DKD through the "gut-kidney axis". Lactobacillus and Lactobacillus_murinus were the main driving forces. 6 pathways related to glucose and lipid metabolism, especially Glycerophospholipid metabolism, may be an important follow-up response and regulatory mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Rats; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, Liquid; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glucose; Glycerophospholipids; Kidney; Saline Solution; Sphingolipids; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tryptophan; Valsartan; Herbal Medicine
PubMed: 36787845
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116257 -
Journal of Experimental Botany Mar 2023The Journal of Experimental Botany is pleased to announce the appointment of six early career researchers as editorial interns: Francesca Bellinazzo (Wageningen...
The Journal of Experimental Botany is pleased to announce the appointment of six early career researchers as editorial interns: Francesca Bellinazzo (Wageningen University and Research, the Netherlands), Konan Ishida (University of Cambridge, UK), Nishat Shayala Islam (Western University, Ontario, Canada), Chao Su (University of Freiburg, Germany), Catherine Walsh (Lancaster University, UK), and Arpita Yadav (University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA) (Fig. 1). The aim of this programme is to help train the next generation of editors.
Topics: Botany; Germany
PubMed: 36913620
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad037 -
The New Phytologist Feb 2020
Topics: Botany; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Plants
PubMed: 31894590
DOI: 10.1111/nph.16344 -
The New Phytologist Nov 2021
Topics: Awards and Prizes; Botany
PubMed: 34608638
DOI: 10.1111/nph.17727 -
Reumatologia Clinica Oct 2021Nahuatl medicine was remarkably advanced in Prehispanic Mesoamerica. Thoughts on health and disease were different to those prevalent in Europe in the sixteenth century... (Review)
Review
Nahuatl medicine was remarkably advanced in Prehispanic Mesoamerica. Thoughts on health and disease were different to those prevalent in Europe in the sixteenth century because they included magic, religion and different kinds of animal, mineral and, notably, herbal medicine. These resources were used in a supplementary, not isolated, way by Nahua physicians (ticitl) according to patients' needs and beliefs. Most Nahua physicians had similar knowledge but there were some differences between rural and urban areas, and those who were also doctor-priests of a particular deity. After the European colonization of Mesoamerica, great efforts were made by Spaniards and Indians to recover the immense amount of ancient knowledge in Mesoamerica related to medicine. Some of this work, not all, is included in the Cruz-Badiano Codex, the Florentine Codex or Historia general de las cosas de la Nueva España, and the Francisco Hernández Codex. A review of these codices and the recent literature on the practice of Nahua Medicine was performed with particular interest in herbal medicine in rheumatic diseases, or symptoms probably related to rheumatic diseases, during the sixteenth century in the land currently known as Mexico.
Topics: Animals; Herbal Medicine; Humans; Indians, North American; Medicine; Publications; Rheumatic Diseases
PubMed: 34625151
DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2020.09.001 -
The Plant Cell Aug 2020
Topics: Botany; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Plants; RNA
PubMed: 32554623
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00455 -
Current Biology : CB Jun 2021Interview with Jennifer McElwain, who performs plant experiments in controlled atmospheric, light and climatic conditions at Trinity College Dublin to assess how these...
Interview with Jennifer McElwain, who performs plant experiments in controlled atmospheric, light and climatic conditions at Trinity College Dublin to assess how these factors have influenced plant evolution and ecology throughout Earth's history.
Topics: Big Data; Botany; Earth Sciences; Fossils; Greenland; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Ireland; Literature, Modern; Paleontology
PubMed: 34157255
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.05.028