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BMC Medical Imaging Aug 2021Brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) variants may have a clinical impact during surgical procedures, some of which could be fatal. The objective of this study was to classify... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Brachiocephalic trunk (BCT) variants may have a clinical impact during surgical procedures, some of which could be fatal. The objective of this study was to classify height positions of the BCT and report their prevalence in a Mexican population.
METHODS
Patients: A retrospective, descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional was performed using computed tomography angiography (CTA) of adult (> 18 years of age) patients, without gender distinction, of Mexican origin. Measuring techniques were standardized using the suprasternal notch to analyze linear and maximum heights, linear and curved lengths, and the vertebral origin and bifurcation levels of the BCT.
RESULTS
A total of 270 CTA were obtained (66.7% men and 33.3% women). A high position of BCT was present in 64.81% (n 175/270). The mean linear medial height was 0.58 ± 1.91 cm, the maximum height of the free edge was 3.85 ± 2.04 cm, side length of the midline at the maximum height of the free edge was 1.46 ± 2.59, linear length 3.72 ± 0.70, and a curve length 3.99 ± 0.79. The BCT origin was most predominant at the T3 (57.9%) and T4 (27.0%) vertebral levels, with the bifurcation at T2 (57.9%) and T1 (36.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
There is a high prevalence of high position BCT in our population. Patients should be assessed before any procedures in the area, due to the potential risk of complications.
Topics: Adult; Brachiocephalic Trunk; Computed Tomography Angiography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Mexico; Middle Aged; Neck; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34388973
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-021-00645-w -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Dec 2014
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; Brachiocephalic Trunk; Catheterization; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced; Female; Humans; Male; Perfusion
PubMed: 25172319
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.07.028 -
The Journal of Thoracic and... Feb 2016
Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Brachiocephalic Trunk; Decompression, Surgical; Diverticulum; Humans; Male; Replantation; Tracheal Stenosis; Vascular Malformations; Vascular Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 26614416
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.10.084 -
Veterinary Sciences Apr 2017Coronary artery anomalies represent a disease spectrum from incidental to life-threatening. Anomalies of coronary artery origin and course are well-recognized in human... (Review)
Review
Coronary artery anomalies represent a disease spectrum from incidental to life-threatening. Anomalies of coronary artery origin and course are well-recognized in human medicine, but have received limited attention in veterinary medicine. Coronary artery anomalies are best described in the dog, hamster, and cow though reports also exist in the horse and pig. The most well-known anomaly in veterinary medicine is anomalous coronary artery origin with a prepulmonary course in dogs, which limits treatment of pulmonary valve stenosis. A categorization scheme for coronary artery anomalies in animals is suggested, dividing these anomalies into those of major or minor clinical significance. A review of coronary artery development, anatomy, and reported anomalies in domesticated species is provided and four novel canine examples of anomalous coronary artery origin are described: an English bulldog with single left coronary ostium and a retroaortic right coronary artery; an English bulldog with single right coronary ostium and transseptal left coronary artery; an English bulldog with single right coronary ostium and absent left coronary artery with a prepulmonary paraconal interventricular branch and an interarterial circumflex branch; and a mixed-breed dog with tetralogy of Fallot and anomalous origin of all coronary branches from the brachiocephalic trunk. Coronary arterial fistulae are also described including a coronary cameral fistula in a llama cria and an English bulldog with coronary artery aneurysm and anomalous shunting vessels from the right coronary artery to the pulmonary trunk. These examples are provided with the intent to raise awareness and improve understanding of such defects.
PubMed: 29056679
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4020020