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TheScientificWorldJournal 2021Breast cancer is the highest public detected cancer among female population in the majority of countries worldwide. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a useful screening...
Breast cancer is the highest public detected cancer among female population in the majority of countries worldwide. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a useful screening tool to empower women and raise awareness about their breast tissues and help detect any breast abnormalities when they occur. This study aimed to assess the level of female university students' knowledge and practice of BSE. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge about breast cancer and related items, and an observation checklist was used to test practicing BSE using a breast simulator. Eighty-six students participated in the study, 58.1% studying nursing and 41.9% studying clinical nutrition in the third (40.7%) or the fourth level (59.3%). Of them, 24.4% had previous family history of breast cancer. The majority of the students (80.2%) had previous information about breast cancer acquired from different sources, university studies (57%), the Internet (45%), and social media (41%). Findings showed good scores (≥70%) regarding signs and symptoms and risk factors of breast cancer; however, low knowledge scores (<70%) were detected regarding general knowledge about breast cancer disease, methods of early detection and management, and applying steps of practicing BSE. Roughly all the students (96.5%) have heard about BSE, and 69.8% knew the time to do BSE; however, only 31.4% practice it regularly. Three barriers to practice were dominant among students who do not have a breast problem (39.7%), do not know how to do it (37.9%), and being busy 31%. On the other hand, breast cancer early detection purpose and the presence of family history of breast cancer were considered facilitators to regular practice BSE. A statistically significant relationship existed between knowledge about the steps of applying the BSE and regular practicing. A training program should be implemented to increase the level of awareness about BC and practicing BSE.
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Cross-Sectional Studies; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Mammary Glands, Human; Middle East; Risk Factors; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities
PubMed: 34007246
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6640324 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2019Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Many young women in the UAE have poor knowledge about breast...
Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Many young women in the UAE have poor knowledge about breast cancer screening, including risk factors and warning signs/symptoms. We investigated awareness about breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) as a screening tool among female students at the University of Sharjah, UAE. Methods: This study used a cross sectional survey design. Participants were 241 undergraduate female students (aged ≥18 years) from three University of Sharjah campuses. Data were collected from March to April 2017 using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire covered: sociodemographic characteristics; knowledge about breast cancer, risk factors, and warning signs/symptoms; and knowledge and practice of BSE. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-square tests. Results: About 38.6% of participants were from the Medical campus, 37.3% were from the Women’s campus, and 24% were from the Fine Arts and Design campus. Most (99%) participants had heard of breast cancer. About 50% were knowledgeable about the risk factors, but only 38% were knowledgeable about warning signs/symptoms. The most commonly identified risk factors were family and personal histories of breast cancer, and the most commonly identified warning sign/symptom was breast lump. There was a significant association between knowledge about risk factors and campus type. Participants from the Medical campus were more knowledgeable about risk factors than participants from the other two campuses. Overall, 68.5% of participants had heard of BSE, but few participants actually performed BSE. Reasons for not performing BSE included “forgetting” and “not knowing how.” Conclusions: Although most participants were aware of breast cancer, knowledge about risk factors and warning signs/symptoms was relatively poor. Knowledge about performing BSE was particularly low. This highlights the importance of increasing awareness about breast cancer and BSE among young women in the UAE.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Cross-Sectional Studies; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Prognosis; Surveys and Questionnaires; United Arab Emirates; Young Adult
PubMed: 31244316
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2019.20.6.1901 -
BMC Cancer Feb 2022Breast cancer is a global health issue and a leading cause of death among women. Early detection through increased awareness and knowledge on breast cancer and breast... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Effectiveness of educational intervention on breast cancer knowledge and breast self-examination among female university students in Bangladesh: a pre-post quasi-experimental study.
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is a global health issue and a leading cause of death among women. Early detection through increased awareness and knowledge on breast cancer and breast cancer screening is thus crucial. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention program on breast cancer knowledge and the practice of breast self-examination among young female students of a university in Bangladesh.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental (pre-post) study design was conducted at Jahangirnagar University in Bangladesh. Educational information on breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE), demonstration of BSE procedure and leaflets were distributed among 400 female students after obtaining written informed consent. The stepwise procedures of BSE performance were demonstrated with images. Pre-intervention and 15 days post-intervention assessments were conducted to assess the changes in knowledge on breast cancer and practices of BSE. Mc-Nemar's tests and paired sampled t-tests were performed to investigate the differences between pre- and post-test stages.
RESULTS
A total of 400 female university students aged 18-26 years were included in the sample. Significant changes were found in knowledge and awareness about breast cancer and BSE practices after the educational intervention. The significant differences were measured in the mean scores of pre-test vs. post-test: breast cancer symptoms (2.99 ± 1.05 vs. 6.35 ± 1.15; p < 0.001), risk factors (3.35 ± 1.19 vs. 7.56 ± 1.04; p < 0.001), treatment (1.79 ± 0.90 vs. 4.63 ± 0.84; p < 0.001), prevention (3.82 ± 1.32 vs. 7.14 ± 1.03; p < 0.001), screening of breast cancer (1.82 ± 0.55 vs. 3.98 ± 0.71; p < 0.001) and process of BSE (1.57 ± 1.86 vs. 3.94 ± 0.93; p < 0.001). Likewise, a significant percentage of change in BSE practices was obtained between pre-test and post-test (21.3% vs. 33.8%; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Study findings confirm that the study population had inadequate awareness and knowledge at baseline which was improved significantly after educational intervention. A nationwide roll-out with community-based interventions is recommended for the female population in both rural and urban areas.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bangladesh; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Students; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 35193526
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09311-y -
Cancer Apr 1992A review of publications on breast self-examination (BSE) up to the middle of 1991 showed that evidence supporting BSE has strengthened since 1989. BSE is associated... (Review)
Review
A review of publications on breast self-examination (BSE) up to the middle of 1991 showed that evidence supporting BSE has strengthened since 1989. BSE is associated with a smaller size of tumor at diagnosis and has the potential to reduce breast cancer mortality. Mortality reduction is likely to be achieved only if BSE is competently performed and if appropriate diagnostic follow-up is accessible. Because screening is justified when preclinical disease is prevalent, BSE practice is important for women 40 years of age and older.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Female; Humans
PubMed: 1544096
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19920401)69:7+<1942::aid-cncr2820691712>3.0.co;2-k -
Ceska Gynekologie 2016The rising number of breast cancer is the worldwide problem. The screening mammography is considered as the most effective method to decrease the mortality of the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The rising number of breast cancer is the worldwide problem. The screening mammography is considered as the most effective method to decrease the mortality of the disease. For many years, the breast self-examination has been promoted as the simplest method for breast cancer development in women. In this review article, we provide the results of studies on the effectiveness of breast self-examination.
DESIGN
Review article.
SETTING
Departmnet of Gynecologic and Obstetrition, General Faculty Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague.
METHODOLOGY
Searching of the original studies and review articles related to brest self-examination.
RESULTS
The breast self-examination does not reduce the breast cancer mortality and is not effective to diagnose cancer at an earlier stage of disease. Also, the frequency of the breast self-examination is not related to the stage of the disease in time of diagnosis. The method leads to the higher attendance of women in mammology consulting rooms, to the higher number of diagnostic mammographies and even to the significantly higher number of performed biopsies with negative (benign) results.
CONCLUSION
The breast self-examination does not reduce mortality from the breast cancer among the educated women with population risk of developing the disease, despite the practical application of this method on a regular basis. Contrariwise, the breast self-examination rises amount of performed mamography and ultrasound examinations and the number of biopsies with a negative (benign) result.
Topics: Biopsy; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Female; Humans; Mammography
PubMed: 27918166
DOI: No ID Found -
Oncology Nursing Forum 2003
Review
Topics: Adult; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Female; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 12949588
DOI: 10.1188/03.ONF.723-724 -
Journal of Clinical Nursing May 2005To explore the literature on breast self-examination and breast awareness. (Review)
Review
AIM
To explore the literature on breast self-examination and breast awareness.
OBJECTIVES
To clarify the confusion surrounding breast awareness and breast self-examination. To critique the evidence for breast awareness as a health promotion tool.
BACKGROUND
Over 41,000 women are diagnosed with breast cancer each year in the United Kingdom. Compared with other European countries, women in England have poor survival prospects, for breast cancer, due in part to advanced disease at first presentation. In the United Kingdom, women are encouraged to be breast aware from the age of 18. However, the evidence suggests that women do not engage in breast awareness and are frightened and confused about their role in breast health promotion.
METHODOLOGY
Four databases were used: Medline, Ebsco including CINAHL and Sociological Abstracts and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The search terms 'breast awareness' and 'breast self-examination' were used and combined with 'breast cancer', 'breast screening' and 'health promotion'.
CONCLUSION
The evidence on breast self-examination is clear, there is no benefit to breast cancer mortality and results suggest that breast self-examination may do more harm than good. Breast awareness provides women with some acknowledgement of the part they can play in being empowered to fight breast disease, not in terms of statistics used for mortality but on the qualitative effects of reductions in morbidity.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The Royal College of Nursing of The United Kingdom is actively encouraging all nurses to promote breast awareness along with clear guidelines for doing so. The United Kingdom National Health Service Cancer Plan: a plan for investment, a plan for reform, encourages preventive care, information giving, good communication as well as evidence-based practice. In breast care this can reduce confusion for women and encourage empowerment in breast health promotion.
Topics: Attitude to Health; Awareness; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Communication; Evidence-Based Medicine; Fear; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Promotion; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Mass Screening; Nurse's Role; Patient Education as Topic; Risk Factors; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; United Kingdom
PubMed: 15840071
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.01108.x -
European Journal of Cancer Care Jan 2022Breast self-examination is an important component for the early detection of breast cancer. The lack of knowledge of deaf women regarding breast examination and...
OBJECTIVE
Breast self-examination is an important component for the early detection of breast cancer. The lack of knowledge of deaf women regarding breast examination and screenings may delay diagnosis of breast cancer. The objective of the study is to examine the effect of a video prepared with the sign language giving breast self-examination (BSE) skills to deaf women.
METHODS
This study used a quantitative, quasi-experimental, comparison group research design. Participants were recruited from the Izmir Association for the Protection and Development of the Deaf, Izmir, Turkey. The research was conducted between March 2018 and March 2019. BSE training video was prepared by the researchers. One group (n = 30) watched a BSE training video with sign language. The other group (n = 30) watched a BSE training video without sign language. After the training video, the BSE Skill Assessment of all women were assessed on a female torso mannequin model using BSE Skill Assessment Form.
RESULTS
The BSE skills of the women who watched the training video with sign language were significantly different from those who watched the training video without sign language (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The training video with the sign language prepared by the researchers can significantly improve the BSE skills of deaf women.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Female; Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Research; Sign Language
PubMed: 34935220
DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13543 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jan 2003
Topics: Adult; Attitude to Health; Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 12511431
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.326.7379.1 -
BMC Women's Health Jul 2022Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed reproductive organ cancer among women in Ethiopia. Even though breast self-examination (BSE) is shown to be the least...
BACKGROUND
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed reproductive organ cancer among women in Ethiopia. Even though breast self-examination (BSE) is shown to be the least expensive, less time-consuming, and non-invasive screening method, the practice of breast self-examination in Ethiopia is poor. Therefore this study aimed to assess breast self-examination practice and predictors among female secondary school teachers using the Health Belief Model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 589 female secondary school teachers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A self-administered questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, sources of information, knowledge, perception on breast self-examination, and BSE practice was prepared based on the Champion's revised Health Belief Model and used as a data collection instrument. Multi-variable binary logistic regression was employed to identify the predictors of breast self-examination practice with significance set at p < 0.05 by controlling possible confounders.
RESULT
Breast self-examination was practiced by 43.6% of female secondary school teachers. Television and radio were the commonest sources of information about breast cancer and breast self-examination. Personal history of breast problem (AOR 3.27, 95% CI 1.13-9.45), teaching experience (AOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.33-4.56), knowledge (AOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.12) and perceived self-efficacy (AOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.12) were significantly associated with BSE practice.
CONCLUSION
The practice of breast self-examination was found to be low. Perceived self-efficacy, personal history of breast problems, and the knowledge level of female teachers were factors associated with the practice of BSE. This suggests the need for educational programs to enhance knowledge regarding breast cancer and improve the practice of breast self-examination.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Breast Self-Examination; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethiopia; Female; Health Belief Model; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Schools; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35906601
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01904-w