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Environment International Jan 2021Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) are common flame retardants utilized in many kinds of electronic and textile products. Due...
Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) are common flame retardants utilized in many kinds of electronic and textile products. Due to their persistence and bioaccumulation, BDE-209 and DBDPE extensively exist in the surrounding environment and wild animals. Previous studies have indicated that BDE-209 could induce male reproductive toxicity, whereas those of DBDPE remains relatively rare. In this study, we investigated the effects of both BDE-209 and DBDPE on reproductive system in male SD rats, and explored the potential mechanisms under the reproductive toxicity of BDE-209 and DBDPE. Male rats were orally administered with BDE-209 and DBDPE (0, 5, 50 and 500 mg/kg/day) for a 28-day exposure experiment. The current results showed that BDE-209 and DBDPE led to testicular damage in physiological structure, decreased the sperm number and motility, and increased the sperm malformation rates in rat. Moreover, BDE-209 and DBDPE could damage the telomeric function by shortening telomere length and reducing telomerase activity, which consequently caused cell senescence and apoptosis in testis of rat. This could contribute to the decline of sperm quality and quantity. In conclusion, BDE-209 and DBDPE led to reproductive toxicity by inducing telomere dysfunction and the related cell senescence and apoptosis in testis of SD rat. Comparatively, BDE-209 had more severe effects on male reproduction. Our findings may provide new insight into the potential deleterious effects of BFRs on male reproductive health.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Bromobenzenes; Cellular Senescence; Flame Retardants; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Humans; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reproduction; Telomere
PubMed: 33395949
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106307 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023A synthetic pathway to a novel 4-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2-1,4-benzoxazine scaffold was developed and a series of compounds based on the scaffold were synthesised as potential...
A synthetic pathway to a novel 4-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2-1,4-benzoxazine scaffold was developed and a series of compounds based on the scaffold were synthesised as potential anticancer agents. The 4-aryl-substituted compounds were prepared via Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling between substituted bromobenzenes and various 1,4-benzoxazines, which in turn were generated from a cascade hydrogenation and reductive amination one-pot reaction. These analogues exhibited moderate to good potency against various cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that the inclusion of hydroxyl groups on ring A and ring B was beneficial to biological activity, while having a -amino group on ring C significantly enhanced potency. Molecule displayed the most potent anticancer activity (IC = 7.84-16.2 µM against PC-3, NHDF, MDA-MB-231, MIA PaCa-2, and U-87 MG cancer cell lines), indicating its potential as a lead compound for further structural optimisation. All the synthesised compounds were fully characterised with NMR, HMRS, and IR. The novel benzoxazine scaffold described in this study holds promise and deserves further in-depth studies.
Topics: Benzoxazines; Hydrogenation; Amination; Bromobenzenes; Cell Line
PubMed: 38202749
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010166 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Nov 2009In the title compound, C(31)H(29)BrN(2)O(2)S, the pyrrolidine ring is in a twist conformation and the tetra-hydro-pyridine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the...
In the title compound, C(31)H(29)BrN(2)O(2)S, the pyrrolidine ring is in a twist conformation and the tetra-hydro-pyridine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the methine C atom adjacent to the NH group as the flap atom; the two rings are trans-fused. The bromo-benzene ring and the nearest phenyl ring form a dihedral angle of 82.72 (10)°. The benzyl phenyl and the tosyl phenyl rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 75.57 (11)°. An intra-molecular N-H⋯π inter-action is observed. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into chains running along [101] by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and the chains are cross-linked via weak C-H⋯π inter-actions.
PubMed: 21578741
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809045875 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Jul 2012In the title compound, C(14)H(10)BrN(5)S, the dihedral angle between the triazole ring and the pyridine and bromo-benzene rings are 26.42 (13) and 6.28 (13)°,...
In the title compound, C(14)H(10)BrN(5)S, the dihedral angle between the triazole ring and the pyridine and bromo-benzene rings are 26.42 (13) and 6.28 (13)°, respectively. The molecule exists as a thione in the solid state. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating [010] C(8) chains.
PubMed: 22807827
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812024439 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Mar 2012In the title compound, C(28)H(28)Br(2)N(2)O(2), the C=C double bond has an E configuration and the piperazine ring has a chair conformation, with the N-C bonds in...
In the title compound, C(28)H(28)Br(2)N(2)O(2), the C=C double bond has an E configuration and the piperazine ring has a chair conformation, with the N-C bonds in equatorial orientations. The dihedral angle between the bromo-benzene rings is 83.1 (4)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds.
PubMed: 22412517
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812003819 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Jan 2012In the title mol-ecule, C(29)H(30)Br(2)N(2)O(3), the piperazine ring has a chair conformation and the C=C double bond has an E conformation. The dihedral angle between...
In the title mol-ecule, C(29)H(30)Br(2)N(2)O(3), the piperazine ring has a chair conformation and the C=C double bond has an E conformation. The dihedral angle between the bromo-benzene rings is 79.1 (3)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked through C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds.
PubMed: 22259410
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536811052123 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Mar 2012In the title compound, C(13)H(10)BrNO, the benzene ring planes are inclined at an angle of 48.85 (17)°, resulting in a nonplanar mol-ecule. A characteristic of...
In the title compound, C(13)H(10)BrNO, the benzene ring planes are inclined at an angle of 48.85 (17)°, resulting in a nonplanar mol-ecule. A characteristic of aromatic Schiff bases with N-aryl substituents is that the terminal phenyl rings are twisted relative to the HC=N plane. In this case, the HC=N unit makes dihedral angles of 11.1 (4) and 38.5 (3)° with the hy-droxy-benzene and bromo-benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds to form infinite (C8) chains along the b axis.
PubMed: 22412646
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812006101 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Oct 2022Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), a widely used novel brominated flame retardant, is gaining concerns due to rapidly increased contents in various environmental and...
Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), a widely used novel brominated flame retardant, is gaining concerns due to rapidly increased contents in various environmental and biota samples. In the present study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were exposed to 2.91, 9.71, 29.14 and 97.12 μg/L of DBDPE until 120 h post-fertilization (hpf) to investigate the potential developmental neurotoxicity and underlying mechanisms. Chemical analysis revealed concentration-dependently increased body burdens of DBDPE in zebrafish larvae, with bioaccumulation factors (BCFs) ranging from 414 to 726. Embryonic exposure to DBDPE caused hyperactivity without affecting the development of secondary motoneuron axons and muscle fibers. However, further results implicated that DBDPE may affect the locomotor regulatory network via different mechanisms at lower and higher concentrations. On the one hand, embryonic exposure to 2.91 μg/L DBDPE transiently promoted spontaneous coiling contractions, but showed no effects on touch-response and swimming activity in zebrafish larvae. The whole-body contents of neurotransmitters were significantly decreased. Significant decreased protein abundances of α1-TUBULIN and SYN2a and molecular docking results pointed out possible interactions of DBDPE with these two proteins. However, these changes may be unconcerned with the transient hyperactivity, and the exact molecular mechanisms need further investigation. On the other hand, 29.14 and 97.12 μg/L DBDPE exposure caused longer-lasting effects in promoting spontaneous coiling contractions, and also touch-response and swimming activity. At the same time, increased ACh contents (without changes of other neurotransmitters) and ChAT activity and inhibited transcription of nAChRs were observed at higher concentrations. Molecular docking indicated direct interaction of DBDPE with ChAT. The results suggested that DBDPE induced hyperactivity at higher concentrations was probably involved with disrupted cholinergic system, with ChAT as a potential target. Given that the body burden of DBDPE in lower concentration group was comparable with those detected in wild fish, the current results may provide useful information for ecological risk assessment.
Topics: Animals; Bromobenzenes; Cholinergic Agents; Flame Retardants; Larva; Molecular Docking Simulation; Neurotransmitter Agents; Tubulin; Zebrafish
PubMed: 36055044
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114044 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Mar 2012In the title compound, C(20)H(18)BrN(3)O(2), the central carbonyl group forms amine-N-H⋯O and hy-droxy-O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which lead to two fused S(6) rings. The...
In the title compound, C(20)H(18)BrN(3)O(2), the central carbonyl group forms amine-N-H⋯O and hy-droxy-O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which lead to two fused S(6) rings. The N-bound phenyl ring is coplanar with the five-membered ring to which it is attached [dihedral angle = 5.22 (18)°], but the dihedral angle [33.87 (17)°] between the terminal phenyl and bromo-benzene rings indicates an overall twist in the mol-ecule. In the crystal packing, mol-ecules assemble into dimeric aggregates via C-H⋯π inter-actions.
PubMed: 22412678
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536812006939 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Aug 2011In the title compound, C(17)H(16)BrN(3)O(2)S, the two fused rings are twisted by a dihedral angle of 6.61 (15)°. The thia-zine ring adopts a sofa conformation. The...
In the title compound, C(17)H(16)BrN(3)O(2)S, the two fused rings are twisted by a dihedral angle of 6.61 (15)°. The thia-zine ring adopts a sofa conformation. The toluene ring is oriented at dihedral angles of 15.5 (2) and 20.6 (2)° with respect to the bromo-benzene and thia-zine rings, respectively. The benzyl-idene system is approximately planar [r.m.s. deviation = 0.0388 Å]. In the cyrstal, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connects the mol-ecules into a chain along the b axis.
PubMed: 22091111
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536811028406