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Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Aug 2018
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Culture Media; Ochrobactrum anthropi
PubMed: 30534931
DOI: 10.4067/s0716-10182018000400431 -
Recent Patents on Anti-infective Drug... Apr 2013The genus Brucella is a member of family Brucellaceae and includes ten species which are small, non-motile, non-sporing, aerobic, gram-negative intracellular... (Review)
Review
The genus Brucella is a member of family Brucellaceae and includes ten species which are small, non-motile, non-sporing, aerobic, gram-negative intracellular coccobacilli. They are catalase, oxidase and urea positive bacteria. Members of the genus can grow on enriched media like blood agar or chocolate agar. Identification in species level can be done by agglutination with monospecific serum, cultivating the strains in the presence of dyes and/or with PCR methods. Antigenic structure of the Brucella is composed of surface, intracellular, and in vivo antigens. Thanks to various virulence factors that act as metabolic regulators, Brucella strains can protect themselves from immune system of the host, adapt easily to different environmental conditions, and multiply intracellular. Classification, epidemiological features, isolation and identification, antigenic structure and virulence factors of Brucella species along with the discussion of very few patents associated with Brucellosis have been reviewed in this paper.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Brucella; Brucellosis; Ecosystem; Epitopes; Humans; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 22812617
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Aug 2016The brucellae are α-Proteobacteria causing brucellosis, an important zoonosis. Although multiplying in endoplasmic reticulum-derived vacuoles, they cause no cell death,... (Review)
Review
The brucellae are α-Proteobacteria causing brucellosis, an important zoonosis. Although multiplying in endoplasmic reticulum-derived vacuoles, they cause no cell death, suggesting subtle but efficient use of host resources. Brucellae are amino-acid prototrophs able to grow with ammonium or use glutamate as the sole carbon-nitrogen source in vitro. They contain more than twice amino acid/peptide/polyamine uptake genes than the amino-acid auxotroph Legionella pneumophila, which multiplies in a similar vacuole, suggesting a different nutritional strategy. During these two last decades, many mutants of key actors in nitrogen metabolism (transporters, enzymes, regulators, etc.) have been described to be essential for full virulence of brucellae. Here, we review the genomic and experimental data on Brucella nitrogen metabolism and its connection with virulence. An analysis of various aspects of this metabolism (transport, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, respiration and regulation) has highlighted differences and similarities in nitrogen metabolism with other α-Proteobacteria. Together, these data suggest that, during their intracellular life cycle, the brucellae use various nitrogen sources for biosynthesis, catabolism and respiration following a strategy that requires prototrophy and a tight regulation of nitrogen use.
Topics: Animals; Brucella; Brucellosis; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Nitrogen; Virulence
PubMed: 25471320
DOI: 10.3109/1040841X.2014.962480 -
Journal of Infection in Developing... Nov 2014Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis that affects the public health and economic performance of endemic as well as non-endemic countries. In developing nations,... (Review)
Review
Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis that affects the public health and economic performance of endemic as well as non-endemic countries. In developing nations, brucellosis is often a very common but neglected disease. The purpose of this review is to provide insight about brucellosis in animal populations in Egypt and help to understand the situation from 1986 to 2013. A total of 67 national and international scientific publications on serological investigations, isolation, and biotyping studies from 1986 to 2013 were reviewed to verify the current status of brucellosis in animal populations in Egypt. Serological investigations within the national surveillance program give indirect proof for the presence of brucellosis in cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, and camels in Egypt. Serologic testing for brucellosis is a well-established procedure in Egypt, but most of the corresponding studies do not follow the scientific standards. B. melitensis biovar (bv) 3, B. abortus bv 1, and B. suis bv 1 have been isolated from farm animals and Nile catfish. Brucellosis is prevalent nationwide in many farm animal species. There is an obvious discrepancy between official seroprevalence data and data from scientific publications. The need for a nationwide survey to genotype circulating Brucellae is obvious. The epidemiologic situation of brucellosis in Egypt is unresolved and needs clarification.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Brucella; Brucellosis; Catfishes; Egypt; Seroepidemiologic Studies
PubMed: 25390047
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.4872 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2007Three novel Gram-negative, non-fermenting aerobic bacilli were isolated from human clinical samples. They shared more than 99.8 % of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide...
Three novel Gram-negative, non-fermenting aerobic bacilli were isolated from human clinical samples. They shared more than 99.8 % of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide positions. The strains were related to Ochrobactrum intermedium with about 97.48 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. In 16S rRNA gene-, dnaK- and rpoB-based phylogenies, the strains were grouped in a lineage that was distinct from other Ochrobactrum species in the family Brucellaceae. Fatty acid composition, polar lipids, quinone system, DNA-DNA relatedness, genome organization, and physiological and biochemical data differentiated these isolates from recognized species of the genus Ochrobactrum. The three clinical strains therefore represent a novel species within the genus Ochrobactrum, for which the name Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is ADV31(T) (=CIP 109116(T)=DSM 17490(T)). The DNA G+C content of strain ADV31(T) was 54.5 mol%.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Fatty Acids; Genes, rRNA; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Membrane Lipids; Molecular Sequence Data; Ochrobactrum; Phylogeny; Quinones; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
PubMed: 17473249
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64416-0 -
The Veterinary Record
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Brucella canis; Brucellosis; Brucella; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37326176
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3180 -
The Veterinary Record Jan 2023
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Brucella canis; Brucellosis; Brucella; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 36661154
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.2668 -
The Veterinary Record Jul 2023
Topics: Animals; Dogs; Brucella canis; Brucellosis; Brucella; Dog Diseases
PubMed: 37477328
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.3296 -
The Journal of Hygiene Dec 1950
Topics: Bacteriophages; Brucella
PubMed: 20475829
DOI: 10.1017/s0022172400015242 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Aug 2023Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular parasites that cause brucellosis, a severe animal and human disease. Recently, a group of taxonomists merged...
Bacteria of the genus Brucella are facultative intracellular parasites that cause brucellosis, a severe animal and human disease. Recently, a group of taxonomists merged the brucellae with the primarily free-living, phylogenetically related spp. in the genus Brucella. This change, founded only on global genomic analysis and the fortuitous isolation of some opportunistic spp. from medically compromised patients, has been automatically included in culture collections and databases. We argue that clinical and environmental microbiologists should not accept this nomenclature, and we advise against its use because (i) it was presented without in-depth phylogenetic analyses and did not consider alternative taxonomic solutions; (ii) it was launched without the input of experts in brucellosis or ; (iii) it applies a non-consensus genus concept that disregards taxonomically relevant differences in structure, physiology, population structure, core-pangenome assemblies, genome structure, genomic traits, clinical features, treatment, prevention, diagnosis, genus description rules, and, above all, pathogenicity; and (iv) placing these two bacterial groups in the same genus creates risks for veterinarians, medical doctors, clinical laboratories, health authorities, and legislators who deal with brucellosis, a disease that is particularly relevant in low- and middle-income countries. Based on all this information, we urge microbiologists, bacterial collections, genomic databases, journals, and public health boards to keep the Brucella and genera separate to avoid further bewilderment and harm.
Topics: Ochrobactrum; Brucella; Terminology as Topic; Phylogeny; Brucellosis; Humans; Opportunistic Infections
PubMed: 37395662
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00438-23